LPI插值参数对泥石流冲沟DEM构建的影响
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摘要
研究旨在利用局部多项式插值(LPI)对地震造成滑坡而形成的泥石流冲沟进行DEM建模,分析其插值参数对插值精度的影响,并提取最佳插值参数。以彭州市银厂沟谢家店滑坡体泥石流冲沟为例,以平均误差(ME)、中误差(RMSE)、最大正负误差(MPE,MNE)及正负误差百分比(PPE,PNE)作为DEM内插结果的精度评价指标,对不同阶数(P)、核函数[K(x)]、带宽(H)以及搜索扇区类型的DEM插值精度进行比较提取出最佳插值参数。结果表明:在其他参数默认的情况下,P为2时插值精度最高;K(x)为Exponential时拟合精度最高;4种搜索扇区类型的插值结果各项精度指标差异不大;插值试验中H=2为最优选择;所有设定参数的插值结果的正负误差大致都呈对半分布。利用LPI构建谢家店泥石流冲沟DEM结果可以满足大比例尺DEM精度要求,参数P、K(x)、H对插值精度影响较大,而搜索扇区类型对插值结果影响较小,插值参数的优选有助于泥石流冲沟地形进行DEM构建。
This study aims to use local polynomial interpolation(LPI) to build DEM model of debris flow gullywhich is caused by earthquake, analyze the effect of interpolation parameters on interpolation precision, andextract the optimum interpolation parameters. The debris flow gully of Xiejiadian landslide mass inYinchanggou, Pengzhou City was used as an example, mean error(ME), root mean square error(RMSE),maximum positive error and negative error(MPE and MNE) and the percentage of positive errors and negativeerrors(PPE and PNE) were used as accuracy evaluation indexes of the interpolated DEM, the accuracy ofDEMs that interpolated was analyzed by different powers(P), kernel functions [K(x)], bandwidth(H) and sectortypes, and the optimum interpolation parameters were contrastively analyzed and extracted. The results showedthat with the other parameters being defaulted, the interpolation accuracy was the highest when interpolatedwith P=2; the imitative accuracy was the best when interpolation K(x) was Exponential; the interpolationaccuracy of four different sector types in LPI interpolation process had little difference; the optimum choice ofH value was 2 in interpolation; the positive errors and negative errors of all experimental results with variousinterpolation parameters in LPI were approximately half-and-half distributed. The result of DEM model builtby LPI met the accuracy of large scale DEM in Xiejiadian debris flow gully, the parameters of P, K(x) and Hhad great effect on interpolation accuracy, but sector type had little effect on interpolation result, theoptimization of interpolation parameters could contribute to the DEM modeling in debris flow gully terrain.
This study aims to use local polynomial interpolation(LPI) to build DEM model of debris flow gullywhich is caused by earthquake, analyze the effect of interpolation parameters on interpolation precision, andextract the optimum interpolation parameters. The debris flow gully of Xiejiadian landslide mass inYinchanggou, Pengzhou City was used as an example, mean error(ME), root mean square error(RMSE),maximum positive error and negative error(MPE and MNE) and the percentage of positive errors and negativeerrors(PPE and PNE) were used as accuracy evaluation indexes of the interpolated DEM, the accuracy ofDEMs that interpolated was analyzed by different powers(P), kernel functions [K(x)], bandwidth(H) and sectortypes, and the optimum interpolation parameters were contrastively analyzed and extracted. The results showedthat with the other parameters being defaulted, the interpolation accuracy was the highest when interpolatedwith P=2; the imitative accuracy was the best when interpolation K(x) was Exponential; the interpolationaccuracy of four different sector types in LPI interpolation process had little difference; the optimum choice ofH value was 2 in interpolation; the positive errors and negative errors of all experimental results with variousinterpolation parameters in LPI were approximately half-and-half distributed. The result of DEM model builtby LPI met the accuracy of large scale DEM in Xiejiadian debris flow gully, the parameters of P, K(x) and Hhad great effect on interpolation accuracy, but sector type had little effect on interpolation result, theoptimization of interpolation parameters could contribute to the DEM modeling in debris flow gully terrain.
引文
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[15]张锦明,郭丽萍,张小丹.反距离加权插值算法中插值参数对DEM插值误差的影响[J].测绘科学技术学报,2012,29(1):51-56.
[16]陈娟,罗明良,张斌,等.反距离加权插值参数变化对元谋冲沟DEM构建的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(1):29-34.
[17]青亚兰,罗明良,张斌,等.径向基函数对干热河谷冲沟DEM构建的影响[J].测绘科学,2015,40(7):113-117.
[18]刘守江,张斌,杨清伟,等.汶川地震非规范滑坡体上植被的自然恢复能力研究—以彭州银厂沟谢家店子滑坡体为例[J].山地学报,2010,28(3):373-378.
[19]汤国安,李发源,刘学军.数字高程模型教程(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[20]杨迁.局部多项式在图像处理中的应用[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2012.
[21]顾春雷,杨漾,朱志春.几种建立DEM模型插值方法精度的交叉验证[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2011,34(5):99-102.
[22]兀伟,马晓萍,郭玉芳,等.大比例尺DEM关键技术指标的探讨[J].测绘标准化,2010(2):1-4.
[2]汤国安,赵牡丹,曹菡.DEM地形描述误差空间结构分析[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2000,30(4):349-352.
[3]杨晓云.数字高程模型(DEM)的粗差探测[D].成都:西南交通大学,2005.
[4]陈再辉.DEM空间数据质量控制理论与方法的研究[D].西安:长安大学,2007.
[5]Bruce H C.Modeling the spatial distribution of DEM error[J].Transactions in GIS,2005,9(4):521-540.
[6]Kraus K.Visualization of the quality of surfaces and their derivatives[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,1994,60(4):457-462.
[7]Aguilar F J,Agüera F,Aguilar M A,et al.Effects of terrain morphology,sampling density,and interpolation methods on grid DEM accuracy[J].Photogrammetric Engineering&Remote Sensing,2005,71(7):805-816.
[8]卢华兴.DEM误差模型研究[D].南京:南京师范大学,2008.
[9]Dale Z,Claire P,Amy R,et al.An experimental comparison of ordinary and universal Kriging and inverse distance weighting[J].Mathematical Geology,1999,31(4):375-390.
[10]周兴华,姚艺强,赵吉先.DEM内插方法与精度评定[J].测绘科学,2005,30(5):86-88.
[11]张锦明.DEM插值算法适应性研究[D].郑州:解放军信息工程大学,2012.
[12]张锦明,游雄,万刚.DEM插值参数优选的试验研究[J].测绘学报,2014,43(2):178-185,192.
[13]宁逸.非参数局部多项式回归估计模型的研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2010.
[14]欧祖军,李洪毅.局部多项式估计的带宽选择[J].长春大学学报,2007,17(3):17-19.
[15]张锦明,郭丽萍,张小丹.反距离加权插值算法中插值参数对DEM插值误差的影响[J].测绘科学技术学报,2012,29(1):51-56.
[16]陈娟,罗明良,张斌,等.反距离加权插值参数变化对元谋冲沟DEM构建的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(1):29-34.
[17]青亚兰,罗明良,张斌,等.径向基函数对干热河谷冲沟DEM构建的影响[J].测绘科学,2015,40(7):113-117.
[18]刘守江,张斌,杨清伟,等.汶川地震非规范滑坡体上植被的自然恢复能力研究—以彭州银厂沟谢家店子滑坡体为例[J].山地学报,2010,28(3):373-378.
[19]汤国安,李发源,刘学军.数字高程模型教程(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2010.
[20]杨迁.局部多项式在图像处理中的应用[D].重庆:重庆理工大学,2012.
[21]顾春雷,杨漾,朱志春.几种建立DEM模型插值方法精度的交叉验证[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2011,34(5):99-102.
[22]兀伟,马晓萍,郭玉芳,等.大比例尺DEM关键技术指标的探讨[J].测绘标准化,2010(2):1-4.
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