基于双径向流模型的产能计算及射孔优化技术
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摘要
应用等值渗流阻力法和双径向流模型,分射穿污染带与未射穿污染带两种情况,推导出各向同性油藏射孔直井的产能公式,考虑了孔深、孔密、孔径、相位、压实带、污染带等因素对产能的影响。在此基础上,根据各向异性油藏渗流理论,得到各向异性油藏射孔直井产能公式。利用推导的公式对射孔直井产能进行参数敏感性分析,结果表明:射孔直井产能随着孔深、孔径、孔密、相位、垂向渗透率等参数的增大而增大,随着压实带厚度和压实程度的增大而减小;各参数在射穿污染带时的敏感性小于未射穿污染带时的敏感性;孔深、孔密、压实程度、垂向渗透率对产能的影响比较大。工程设计时,应优先考虑孔深、孔密,并避免压实损害程度过高,矿场应用时,结合储层物性特征和作业实际需求,选用合适的射孔器材,形成一套具有针对性的射孔优化技术。
Based on the dual radial flow model, this paper used equivalent flowing resistance method to presents productivity formulas of perforated vertical well in isotropic reservoir for two cases, damaged-zone penetrated and partially penetrated. The effects of perforation length, shot density, perforation diameter, phasing, crushed zone and damaged zone on the perforation performance are considered. On this basis, the productivity formulas of perforated vertical well in anisotropic reservoir are obtained using the principle of fluid mechanics in anisotropic reservoir. Based on the derived formulas, sensitivity analysis on the performance of perforated vertical well is conducted with the results showing that the productivity of perforated well increases with perforation length, shot density, perforation diameter, phasing and vertical permeability while decreases with crushed zone thickness and compaction damage degree. Parameters with damages-zone penetrated are less sensitive than partially penetrated.The perforation length, shot density, compaction damage degree and vertical permeability have great influence on reservoir productivity. Priority should be given to the perforation length, shot density, and avoid excessive high compaction damage degree while engineering design. In real practice,consider formation properties and operation needs,choosing the proper perforation tools and optimize to be a specific technology.
Based on the dual radial flow model, this paper used equivalent flowing resistance method to presents productivity formulas of perforated vertical well in isotropic reservoir for two cases, damaged-zone penetrated and partially penetrated. The effects of perforation length, shot density, perforation diameter, phasing, crushed zone and damaged zone on the perforation performance are considered. On this basis, the productivity formulas of perforated vertical well in anisotropic reservoir are obtained using the principle of fluid mechanics in anisotropic reservoir. Based on the derived formulas, sensitivity analysis on the performance of perforated vertical well is conducted with the results showing that the productivity of perforated well increases with perforation length, shot density, perforation diameter, phasing and vertical permeability while decreases with crushed zone thickness and compaction damage degree. Parameters with damages-zone penetrated are less sensitive than partially penetrated.The perforation length, shot density, compaction damage degree and vertical permeability have great influence on reservoir productivity. Priority should be given to the perforation length, shot density, and avoid excessive high compaction damage degree while engineering design. In real practice,consider formation properties and operation needs,choosing the proper perforation tools and optimize to be a specific technology.
引文
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[16]刘能强.实用现代试井解释方法(第五版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:61-63.
[2]Harris M H.The Effect of Perforating Oil Well Productivity[J].SPE 1236-PA,1996.
[3]Klotz J A,Krueger R F,Pye D S.Effect of Perforation Damage on Well Productivity[J].SPE 4654-PA,1974.
[4]McLeod Jr,Harry O.The Effect of Perforating Conditions on Well Performance[J].SPE 10649-PA,1983.
[5]Karakas Metin,Tariq S M.Semianalytical Productivity Models for Perforated Completions[J].SPE 18247-PA,1991.
[6]郎兆新,张丽华,朱九成,程林松.射孔工程应用软件WPSYS-A的开发[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1992,16(6):42-48.
[7]李祥贵,王清河,李元.射孔完井模型的数值模拟[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1996,20(2):48-53.
[8]唐愉拉,潘迎德.有限元方法在射孔完井中的应用[J].石油学报,1989,10(3):48-58.
[9]唐愉拉,潘迎德,冯跃平.油气井射孔完井产能预测和优化射孔设计[J].油气井测试,1991,(2):102-125.
[10]李龙龙,等.部分射开直井的产能计算方法[J].石油钻探技术,2014,42(3):80-89.
[11]李龙龙,吴明录,姚军,等.射孔水平井产能预测方法[J].油气地质与采收率,2014,21(2):45-50.
[12]李龙龙,吴明录,姚军,等.射孔斜井产能预测新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(8):145-150.
[13]葛家理,等.现代油藏渗流力学原理(下)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003:29-51.
[14]Besson J.Performance of Slanted and Horizontal Wells on an Anisotropic Medium[C].SPE 20965-MS,1990.
[15]施和生,何敏,张丽丽,等.珠江口盆地(东部)油气地质特征、成藏规律及下一步勘探策略[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(3):11-22.
[16]刘能强.实用现代试井解释方法(第五版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010:61-63.