面向车-人碰撞事故的人-地摩擦因数可靠性分析

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英文篇名：Reliability analysis of human-ground friction coefficient for vehicle-pedestrian traffic accident 作者：张晓云 ; 杨小波 ; 张东明 ; 侯心一 英文作者：ZHANG Xiaoyun;YANG Xiaobo;ZHANG Dongming;HOU Xinyi;School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University;The Traffic Police Brigade of Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau; 关键词：行人 ; 事故再现 ; 摩擦因数 ; 可靠性分析 ; 数值仿真 英文关键词：pedestrian;;accident reconstruction;;friction coefficient;;reliability analysis;;numerical simulation 中文刊名：ZDCJ 英文刊名：Journal of Vibration and Shock 机构：上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院;上海市公安局交通警察总队; 出版日期：2019-06-28 出版单位：振动与冲击 年：2019 期：v.38;No.344 基金：上海市自然科学基金(13ZR1422300) 语种：中文; 页：ZDCJ201912031 页数：6 CN：12 ISSN：31-1316/TU 分类号：224-229

摘要

在部分车-人碰撞事故分析中,人-地间摩擦因数常常作为定值处理,再结合现场其它参数对车-人初始接触时刻的速度进行估算。现场参数的测量常存在诸多不确定性。根据车人碰撞事故案例探讨了行人落地姿态、车辆初速度与人-地摩擦因数之间的数学关系构建方法,同时建立面向人-地摩擦因数的可靠性模型。在此基础上进一步考察了人-地摩擦因数对于事故再现结果和车速推算结果的影响,给出了一定条件下车辆初速度判定的95%置信区间。分析结果表明,人-地摩擦因数对于行人落地姿态和车辆初速度的判定影响较为显著,在交通事故再现数值计算中,提高人-地摩擦因数参数的精度将有效提高事故再现的准确性和可信度。此研究方法还可应用于更多的事故类型,为交通事故鉴定提供理论参考。
        Traditionally, friction coefficient between human and ground, combining with various other parameters is considered as a constant to predict the pre-impact velocity of a car. It is impossible to accurately determine all these parameters used for simulation since there are uncertain factors at the accident scene. A method of constructing the relationship between calculation result and human-ground friction coefficient was proposed in this paper. By using the site measurement data and numerical simulation, we built a reliability analysis model related to the human-ground friction coefficient. Quantitatively analysis on the effect of reconstruction result and human-ground friction coefficient was conducted based on the above model. A 0.95 confidence interval of pre-impact velocity of car was also presented at last. Our analysis indicates that the friction coefficient between human and ground is of great significance for the estimation of the pre-impact velocity. That also reminds us reducing the error of friction coefficient measurement can help with obtaining a much more reliable result in vehicle-pedestrian contact collision accident reconstruction.

引文

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