面向乡村振兴的农村土地整治转型与创新思考
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摘要
研究目的:面向乡村振兴的战略需求,分析当前农村土地整治存在的主要问题,提出农村土地整治转型和创新的思考,为实现农村可持续发展提供国土资源保障。研究方法:文献归纳法、理论分析法和图示法。研究结果:(1)传统农村土地整治存在"三不"倾向,即理论研究不足、空间逻辑不强与规划论证不力,由此带来了"三化"问题,即整治模式固化、复合功能弱化和人地关系泛化;(2)农村土地整治正面临由土地分散整治向空间统筹治理转型、由问题导向向目标导向转型和由以地为本向以人为本转型;(3)新时期亟需推进农村土地整治创新,积极倡导城乡统筹型土地整治、探索多功能导向型生产空间整治、推广人居环境改善型公共空间治理及聚焦绿色发展型生态空间治理。研究结论:乡村振兴为农村土地整治转型与创新提供了驱动力,农村土地整治为实现乡村振兴提供了着力点。农村土地整治需兼具规划视角的城乡统筹性与设计视角的空间联动性,在重视土地生产功能提升的基础上,挖掘土地整治蕴含的社会功能与生态服务价值,实现乡村地域要素聚集、结构优化与功能提升。
This paper aims to analyze the main issues existing in contemporary rural land consolidation, and to propose the paths for transformation and upgrading of rural land consolidation so as to provide land resources guarantee for rural sustainable development according to the strategic needs of rural vitalization. The methods of literature review, theoretical analysis and graphic approach are used in this study. The results show that there are three basic problems, namely lacking of theoretical research, weak spatial logic relationship and poor planning argument, further resulting in rigid consolidation modes, weak multi-functions and wide human-land relationship. Rural land consolidation currently faces the following transformation: from dispersion to integration in space, from problem orientation to goal orientation and from land-oriented consolidation to people-oriented consolidation. Rural land consolidation should advances mode innovation. Rural-urban integration consolidation should be actively advocated and multifunction-oriented consolidation of production space should be explored. Habitat environment improvement of public space should be popularized and green development of ecological space should be emphasized. In conclusion, rural vitalization provides driving forces for transformation and innovation of land consolidation, which in turn boosts the process of rural revitalization. Both planning view in rural-urban integration and design view in spatial relation are important in land consolidation. Rural land consolidation should excavate the potential social functions and ecological service values based on the improvement of land production function. It will promote the elements agglomeration, structure optimization and function improvement in rural areas.
This paper aims to analyze the main issues existing in contemporary rural land consolidation, and to propose the paths for transformation and upgrading of rural land consolidation so as to provide land resources guarantee for rural sustainable development according to the strategic needs of rural vitalization. The methods of literature review, theoretical analysis and graphic approach are used in this study. The results show that there are three basic problems, namely lacking of theoretical research, weak spatial logic relationship and poor planning argument, further resulting in rigid consolidation modes, weak multi-functions and wide human-land relationship. Rural land consolidation currently faces the following transformation: from dispersion to integration in space, from problem orientation to goal orientation and from land-oriented consolidation to people-oriented consolidation. Rural land consolidation should advances mode innovation. Rural-urban integration consolidation should be actively advocated and multifunction-oriented consolidation of production space should be explored. Habitat environment improvement of public space should be popularized and green development of ecological space should be emphasized. In conclusion, rural vitalization provides driving forces for transformation and innovation of land consolidation, which in turn boosts the process of rural revitalization. Both planning view in rural-urban integration and design view in spatial relation are important in land consolidation. Rural land consolidation should excavate the potential social functions and ecological service values based on the improvement of land production function. It will promote the elements agglomeration, structure optimization and function improvement in rural areas.
引文
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[14]胡学东,王占岐,童秋英,等.基于生态和社会经济约束的区域土地整治潜力评价研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(5):804-812.
[15]曲衍波,张凤荣,宋伟,等.农村居民点整理潜力综合修正与测算——以北京市平谷区为例[J].地理学报,2012,67(4):490-503.
[16]李明月,黄明进.空心村改造农民意愿及其影响因素分析——基于广州市白云区235户农户调查数据[J].城市发展研究,2012,19(9):120-124.
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[18]谢向向,张安录,杨蒙.土地整治绩效空间差异及投入优先序——以湖北省为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(11):2058-2071.
[19]罗文斌,吴次芳.农村土地整理项目绩效评价及影响因素定量分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(22):273-281.
[20]郑华伟,胡锋.基于农户满意度的农村环境整治绩效研究——以江苏省为例[J].南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,17(5):79-86.
[21]饶静,郭鸿雁,董晓婕.综合土地整治和乡村振兴:平台、工具以及关键因素——以四川省D镇综合土地整治项目为例[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,35(4):42-52.
[22]于法稳,侯效敏,郝信波.新时代农村人居环境整治的现状与对策[J].郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,51(3):64-68,159.
[23]汤怀志,梁梦茵,范金梅,等.我国土地整治规划的发展历程、趋势与反思[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(社会科学版),2016,17(6):52-59.
[24]陈浮,曾思燕,张志宏,等.农村土地综合整治对乡村转型的影响研究——以江苏省万顷良田工程为例[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(12):50-58.
[25]饶静.土地整治社会评价内涵、原则及框架方法[J].中国土地科学,2017,31(12):84-91.
[26]史培军,宋长青,程昌秀.地理协同论——从理解“人—地关系”到设计“人—地协同”[J].地理学报,2019,74(1):3-15.
[27]陈百明,谷晓坤,张正峰,等.土地生态化整治与景观设计[J].中国土地科学,2011,25(6):10-14.
[28]张俊凤,花盛,刘友兆,等.基于改进灰靶模型的土地整治可持续性评价研究——以江苏省为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(2):153-160.
[29] SONG W, LIU M. Farmland conversion decreases regional and national land quality in China[J]. Land Degradation and Development, 2017, 28(2):459-471.
[30]王瑷玲,MW BINFORD,张圣武.美国公众参与理论与实践及其对中国土地整治的借鉴[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(6):126-130.
[31]吕添贵,吴次芳,费罗成.基于发展视角下的土地整治顶层设计障碍分析及其路径选择[J].农村经济,2014(2):17-21.
[32]刘刊,刘兆胜,郭健.注重生态理念保证土地资源的可持续利用——以辽宁省为例谈新一轮土地整治规划的编制[J].国土资源,2015(5):50-53.
[33]桑劲,董金柱.“多规合一”导向的空间治理制度演进——理论、观察与展望[J].城市规划,2018,42(4):18-23.
[34]吴宇哲,许智钇.休养生息制度背景下的耕地保护转型研究[J].资源科学,2019,41(1):9-22.
[35]刘春芳,张志英.从城乡一体化到城乡融合:新型城乡关系的思考[J].地理科学,2018,38(10):1624-1633
[36]刘卫柏,彭魏倬加.“三权分置”背景下的土地信托流转模式分析——以湖南益阳沅江的实践为例[J].经济地理,2016,36(8):134-141.
[37]房建恩.农村土地“三权分置”政策目标实现的经济法路径[J].中国土地科学,2017,31(1):80-87.
[38]赵小风,黄贤金,王小丽,等.基于城乡统筹的农村土地综合整治研究——以南京市靖安街道“万顷良田建设”为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(2):158-163.
[39]胡碧霞,李菁,匡兵.绿色发展理念下城市土地利用效率差异的演进特征及影响因素[J].经济地理,2018,38(12):183-189.
[40] WORD BANK GROUP. Inclusive Green Growth:The Pathway to Sustainable Development[M]. Washington D C:World Bank, 2012:4-6.
[41]郭旭东,谢俊奇.新时代中国土地生态学发展的思考[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(12):1-6.
[42]张绍良,杨永均,侯湖平,等.基于恢复力理论的“土地整治+生态”框架模型[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(10):83-89.
[2] KONG X, LIU Y, JIANG P, et al. A novel framework for rural homestead land transfer under collective ownership in China[J]. Land Use Policy, 2018, 78:138-146.
[3] LONG H, LI Y, LIU Y, et al. Accelerated restructuring in rural China fueled by ‘increasing vs. decreasing balance’land-use policy for dealing with hollowed villages[J]. Land Use Policy, 2012, 29(1):11-22.
[4]李升发,李秀彬,辛良杰,等.中国山区耕地撂荒程度及空间分布——基于全国山区抽样调查结果[J].资源科学,2017,39(10):1801-1811.
[5]杨忍,刘彦随,龙花楼.中国环渤海地区人口—土地—产业非农化转型协同演化特征[J].地理研究,2015,34(3):475-486.
[6]刘彦随.中国新时代城乡融合与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(4):637-650.
[7]龙花楼,屠爽爽.土地利用转型与乡村振兴[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(7):1-6.
[8]龙花楼,张英男,屠爽爽.论土地整治与乡村振兴[J].地理学报,2018,73(10):1837-1849.
[9]郧宛琪,朱道林,汤怀志.中国土地整治战略重塑与创新[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(4):1-8.
[10]刘新卫,赵崔莉.土地整合探索与农村土地整治反思——以广东省清远市为例[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2018,18(1):18-26.
[11]唐秀美,潘瑜春,刘玉,等.基于全过程的土地整治项目实施问题、成因及对策研究[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(3):35-42.
[12]严金明,夏方舟,马梅.中国土地整治转型发展战略导向研究[J].中国土地科学,2016,30(2):3-10.
[13]郧文聚,宇振荣.中国农村土地整治生态景观建设策略[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(4):1-6.
[14]胡学东,王占岐,童秋英,等.基于生态和社会经济约束的区域土地整治潜力评价研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(5):804-812.
[15]曲衍波,张凤荣,宋伟,等.农村居民点整理潜力综合修正与测算——以北京市平谷区为例[J].地理学报,2012,67(4):490-503.
[16]李明月,黄明进.空心村改造农民意愿及其影响因素分析——基于广州市白云区235户农户调查数据[J].城市发展研究,2012,19(9):120-124.
[17]冯健,杜瑀.空心村整治意愿及其影响因素——基于宁夏西吉县的调查[J].人文地理,2016,31(6):39-48.
[18]谢向向,张安录,杨蒙.土地整治绩效空间差异及投入优先序——以湖北省为例[J].资源科学,2016,38(11):2058-2071.
[19]罗文斌,吴次芳.农村土地整理项目绩效评价及影响因素定量分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(22):273-281.
[20]郑华伟,胡锋.基于农户满意度的农村环境整治绩效研究——以江苏省为例[J].南京工业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,17(5):79-86.
[21]饶静,郭鸿雁,董晓婕.综合土地整治和乡村振兴:平台、工具以及关键因素——以四川省D镇综合土地整治项目为例[J].中国农业大学学报(社会科学版),2018,35(4):42-52.
[22]于法稳,侯效敏,郝信波.新时代农村人居环境整治的现状与对策[J].郑州大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2018,51(3):64-68,159.
[23]汤怀志,梁梦茵,范金梅,等.我国土地整治规划的发展历程、趋势与反思[J].郑州轻工业学院学报(社会科学版),2016,17(6):52-59.
[24]陈浮,曾思燕,张志宏,等.农村土地综合整治对乡村转型的影响研究——以江苏省万顷良田工程为例[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(12):50-58.
[25]饶静.土地整治社会评价内涵、原则及框架方法[J].中国土地科学,2017,31(12):84-91.
[26]史培军,宋长青,程昌秀.地理协同论——从理解“人—地关系”到设计“人—地协同”[J].地理学报,2019,74(1):3-15.
[27]陈百明,谷晓坤,张正峰,等.土地生态化整治与景观设计[J].中国土地科学,2011,25(6):10-14.
[28]张俊凤,花盛,刘友兆,等.基于改进灰靶模型的土地整治可持续性评价研究——以江苏省为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2014,23(2):153-160.
[29] SONG W, LIU M. Farmland conversion decreases regional and national land quality in China[J]. Land Degradation and Development, 2017, 28(2):459-471.
[30]王瑷玲,MW BINFORD,张圣武.美国公众参与理论与实践及其对中国土地整治的借鉴[J].地域研究与开发,2017,36(6):126-130.
[31]吕添贵,吴次芳,费罗成.基于发展视角下的土地整治顶层设计障碍分析及其路径选择[J].农村经济,2014(2):17-21.
[32]刘刊,刘兆胜,郭健.注重生态理念保证土地资源的可持续利用——以辽宁省为例谈新一轮土地整治规划的编制[J].国土资源,2015(5):50-53.
[33]桑劲,董金柱.“多规合一”导向的空间治理制度演进——理论、观察与展望[J].城市规划,2018,42(4):18-23.
[34]吴宇哲,许智钇.休养生息制度背景下的耕地保护转型研究[J].资源科学,2019,41(1):9-22.
[35]刘春芳,张志英.从城乡一体化到城乡融合:新型城乡关系的思考[J].地理科学,2018,38(10):1624-1633
[36]刘卫柏,彭魏倬加.“三权分置”背景下的土地信托流转模式分析——以湖南益阳沅江的实践为例[J].经济地理,2016,36(8):134-141.
[37]房建恩.农村土地“三权分置”政策目标实现的经济法路径[J].中国土地科学,2017,31(1):80-87.
[38]赵小风,黄贤金,王小丽,等.基于城乡统筹的农村土地综合整治研究——以南京市靖安街道“万顷良田建设”为例[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(2):158-163.
[39]胡碧霞,李菁,匡兵.绿色发展理念下城市土地利用效率差异的演进特征及影响因素[J].经济地理,2018,38(12):183-189.
[40] WORD BANK GROUP. Inclusive Green Growth:The Pathway to Sustainable Development[M]. Washington D C:World Bank, 2012:4-6.
[41]郭旭东,谢俊奇.新时代中国土地生态学发展的思考[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(12):1-6.
[42]张绍良,杨永均,侯湖平,等.基于恢复力理论的“土地整治+生态”框架模型[J].中国土地科学,2018,32(10):83-89.