政策沟通如何促进政策理解?——基于政策周期全过程视角的探索性研究
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摘要
有效的政策沟通对于促进目标群体的政策理解具有重要意义。在政策过程的每一个阶段,都存在着各种形式的沟通活动,整体而言,政策生命周期中存在着政策对话、政策营销与政策培训等三种类型的政策沟通活动,其对目标群体政策理解的影响效应与作用机理也存在差异。以《工业节能管理办法》为研究对象的实证分析表明:政策对话和政策培训对政策理解具有显著的正向影响,而政策营销对政策理解则无显著影响;与政策对话相比,政策培训更有助于促进目标群体的政策理解;政策培训和政策对话的积极作用和相对重要性在政策理解的不同维度上存在差异。
Effective policy communication is of great significance for promoting policy understanding of target groups.At every stage of the policy process,there are various forms of communication activities.On the whole,there are three types of policy communication in the policy life cycle: policy dialogue,policy marketing and policy training.Each of them has different effect on policy understanding of target groups.Empirical analysis based on Industrial Energy Conservation Management Measures shows that: policy dialogue and policy training have significant positive effects on policy understanding,while policy marketing has no obvious effect on policy understanding.The positive role and relative importance of policy training and policy dialogue differ in different dimensions of policy understanding.
Effective policy communication is of great significance for promoting policy understanding of target groups.At every stage of the policy process,there are various forms of communication activities.On the whole,there are three types of policy communication in the policy life cycle: policy dialogue,policy marketing and policy training.Each of them has different effect on policy understanding of target groups.Empirical analysis based on Industrial Energy Conservation Management Measures shows that: policy dialogue and policy training have significant positive effects on policy understanding,while policy marketing has no obvious effect on policy understanding.The positive role and relative importance of policy training and policy dialogue differ in different dimensions of policy understanding.
引文
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[2]钱洁.民主化进程中政策沟通的途径及其障碍[J].唯实,2004(5):50-53.
[3]李志,兰庆庆.公民网络政策参与的制度化沟通及其实现路径---基于2015年网络六大舆情的分析[J].中国行政管理,2016(6):115-119.
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[5]谭翀.“政策营销”:源流、概念、模式与局限[J].中国行政管理,2013(12):28-32.
[6]谭翀,严强.从“强制灌输”到“政策营销”---转型期中国政策动员模式变迁的趋势与逻辑[J].南京社会科学,2014(5):62-69.
[7]陈晓运,张婷婷.地方政府的政策营销---以广州市垃圾分类为例[J].公共行政评论,2015(6):134-153.
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[9]JENKINS-SMITH H C.Alternative Theories of the Policy Process:Reflections on Research Strategy for the Study of Nuclear Waste Policy[J].Political Science and Politics,1991(2):157-166.
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[17]CANARY H.Constructing Policy Knowledge:Contradictions,Communication,and Knowledge Frames[J].Communication Monographs,2010(2):181-206.
[18]BUURMA H.Public policy marketing:marketing exchange in the public sector[J].European Journal of Marketing,2001(11/12):1287-1302.
[19]章兴鸣.转型期我国公共政策营销研究[J].现代经济探讨,2013(5):43-46.
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[21]LIU B F,HORSLEY J S.The Government Communication Decision Wheel:Toward a Public Relations Model for the Public Sector[J].Journal of Public Relations Research,2007(4):377-393.
[22]丁煌,汪霞.地方政府政策执行力的动力机制及其模型构建---以协同学理论为视角[J].中国行政管理,2014(3):95-100.
[23]ARINDER M K.Bridging the Divide between Evidence and Policy in Public Sector Decision Making:A Practitioner’s Perspective[J].Public Administration Review,2016(3):394-398.
[24]RUI M,YAN L,YAN F.Can government communication facilitate policy understanding toward energy conservation?Evidence from an old industrial base in China[J].Sustainability,2018(9):3222-3236.
[25]PORUMBESCU G A,LINDEMAN M I H,CEKA E,et al.Can Transparency Foster More Understanding and Compliant Citizens?[J].Public Administration Review,2017(3):840-850.
[26]PINTRICH P R.The Role of Motivation In Promoting and Sustaining Self-Regulated Learning[J].International Journal of Educational Research,1999(6):459-470.
[27]BUNEA A,THOMSON R.Consultations With Interest Groups and The Empowerment of Executives:Evidence From the European Union[J].Governance,2015(4):517-531.
[28]陈坚.易地扶贫搬迁政策执行困境及对策---基于政策执行过程视角[J].探索,2017(4):56-60.
[29]国家统计局.中国能源统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[30]习近平.谈谈调查研究[N].学习时报,2011-11-21.
[2]钱洁.民主化进程中政策沟通的途径及其障碍[J].唯实,2004(5):50-53.
[3]李志,兰庆庆.公民网络政策参与的制度化沟通及其实现路径---基于2015年网络六大舆情的分析[J].中国行政管理,2016(6):115-119.
[4]吴丽娟.论行政沟通对政策执行的影响[J].湖南财经高等专科学校学报,2006(2):36-38.
[5]谭翀.“政策营销”:源流、概念、模式与局限[J].中国行政管理,2013(12):28-32.
[6]谭翀,严强.从“强制灌输”到“政策营销”---转型期中国政策动员模式变迁的趋势与逻辑[J].南京社会科学,2014(5):62-69.
[7]陈晓运,张婷婷.地方政府的政策营销---以广州市垃圾分类为例[J].公共行政评论,2015(6):134-153.
[8]NOWLIN M C.Theories of the Policy Process:State of the Research and Emerging Trends[J].Policy Studies Journal,2011(S1):41-60.
[9]JENKINS-SMITH H C.Alternative Theories of the Policy Process:Reflections on Research Strategy for the Study of Nuclear Waste Policy[J].Political Science and Politics,1991(2):157-166.
[10]魏姝.政策过程阶段论[J].南京社会科学,2002(3):64-69.
[11]詹姆斯·E·安德森.公共决策[M].唐亮,译.北京:华夏出版社,1990.
[12]HOWLETT M,RAMESH M.Studying Public Policy:Policy Cycles and Policy Subsystems[M].Oxford:Oxford University Press,1995.
[13]JONES C O.Introduction to the study of public policy[M].Pacific Grove:Duxbury Press,1984.
[14]陈振明.政策科学:公共政策分析导论[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2003.
[15]陈建先,王超.主题·问题·难题·破题:公共政策制定中的利益表达机制研究[J].重庆理工大学学报(社会科学),2015(8):78-82.
[16]谭英俊.试论构建有效的公共政策执行机制[J].四川行政学院学报,2004(4):9-12.
[17]CANARY H.Constructing Policy Knowledge:Contradictions,Communication,and Knowledge Frames[J].Communication Monographs,2010(2):181-206.
[18]BUURMA H.Public policy marketing:marketing exchange in the public sector[J].European Journal of Marketing,2001(11/12):1287-1302.
[19]章兴鸣.转型期我国公共政策营销研究[J].现代经济探讨,2013(5):43-46.
[20]郑石明,雷翔.政策营销沟通的有效性分析---以凤凰古城“一票制”政策事件为例[J].湖南社会科学,2015(1):32-38.
[21]LIU B F,HORSLEY J S.The Government Communication Decision Wheel:Toward a Public Relations Model for the Public Sector[J].Journal of Public Relations Research,2007(4):377-393.
[22]丁煌,汪霞.地方政府政策执行力的动力机制及其模型构建---以协同学理论为视角[J].中国行政管理,2014(3):95-100.
[23]ARINDER M K.Bridging the Divide between Evidence and Policy in Public Sector Decision Making:A Practitioner’s Perspective[J].Public Administration Review,2016(3):394-398.
[24]RUI M,YAN L,YAN F.Can government communication facilitate policy understanding toward energy conservation?Evidence from an old industrial base in China[J].Sustainability,2018(9):3222-3236.
[25]PORUMBESCU G A,LINDEMAN M I H,CEKA E,et al.Can Transparency Foster More Understanding and Compliant Citizens?[J].Public Administration Review,2017(3):840-850.
[26]PINTRICH P R.The Role of Motivation In Promoting and Sustaining Self-Regulated Learning[J].International Journal of Educational Research,1999(6):459-470.
[27]BUNEA A,THOMSON R.Consultations With Interest Groups and The Empowerment of Executives:Evidence From the European Union[J].Governance,2015(4):517-531.
[28]陈坚.易地扶贫搬迁政策执行困境及对策---基于政策执行过程视角[J].探索,2017(4):56-60.
[29]国家统计局.中国能源统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[30]习近平.谈谈调查研究[N].学习时报,2011-11-21.
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