利用数据同化技术实现InSAR和水准数据融合研究
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摘要
针对水准和InSAR技术在地面沉降监测中的优缺点,采用集合卡尔曼滤波同化算法进行两种数据融合,能较好地解决InSAR技术在部分失相干地区的监测精度低和水准只能得到离散点沉降信息的弊端。本文通过SBAS-InSAR技术获取昆明机场的雷达视线向(LOS)的形变量,并将雷达视线向的形变量转换为垂直向形变量。结合机场某工程监测的水准测量值进行数据同化试验。结果表明,同化结果与水准的总均方根误差1.9mm比InSAR监测数据与水准的总均方根误差6.2mm有很大提高。
Focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of leveling and InSAR technique in ground subsidence monitoring, two kinds of data fusion using ensemble Kalman filter assimilation algorithm are used to solve the problems better. In this paper, by using the SBAS-InSAR technology, the line of sight deformation of Kunming airport are converted to the vertical. Combining with the leveling measurements, data assimilation experiment is carried out. The results show that the total RMS error is only 1.9 mm, which is much higher than the total RMS error, 6.2 mm, of InSAR monitoring data.
Focusing on the advantages and disadvantages of leveling and InSAR technique in ground subsidence monitoring, two kinds of data fusion using ensemble Kalman filter assimilation algorithm are used to solve the problems better. In this paper, by using the SBAS-InSAR technology, the line of sight deformation of Kunming airport are converted to the vertical. Combining with the leveling measurements, data assimilation experiment is carried out. The results show that the total RMS error is only 1.9 mm, which is much higher than the total RMS error, 6.2 mm, of InSAR monitoring data.
引文
[1] 麻源源,陈云波,左小清等.星载InSAR技术支持下的昆明地表沉降监测[J].测绘通报,2018,(6):55～60.Ma Yuanyuan,Chen Yunbo,Zuo Xiaoqing et al.Monitoring of the surface subsidence of Kunming under the support of spaceborne InSAR technology [J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2018,(6):55～60.(in Chinese)
[2] 李乃一,伍吉仓.基于时序InSAR技术监测胜利油田地表沉降[J].工程勘察,2018,46(5):50～54.Li Naiyi,Wu Jicang.Monitoring the surface subsidence of Shengli oilfield based on sequential InSAR technique [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2018,46 (5):50～54.(in Chinese)
[3] 姜德才,张永红,张继贤等.天津市地铁线不均匀地表沉降InSAR监测[J].遥感信息,2017,32(6):27～32.Jiang Decai,Zhang Yonghong,Zhang Jixian et al.InSAR monitoring of uneven surface subsidence of Tianjin metro line [J].Remote sensing information,2017,32(6):27～32.(in Chinese)
[4] 王爱国.运用水准和InSAR的地面沉降监测数据融合方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(4):121～125.Wang Aiguo.Data fusion method of ground subsidence monitoring using leveling and InSAR [J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40 (4):121～125.(in Chinese)
[5] 胡俊.InSAR监测地表三维形变的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.Hu Jun.Study on the three-dimensional deformation of surface InSAR monitoring [D].Changsha:South Central University,2008.(in Chinese)
[6] Bardi F,Frodella W,Ciampalini A et al.Multi-Platform SAR data integration in landslide mapping in the San Fratello village (Sicily,Italy)[C].IX Forum Geoitalia,2013.
[7] Simons M,Fialko Y,Rivera L.Coseismic deformation from the 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector mine,California,earthquake as inferred from InSAR and GPS observations[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2002,92(4):1390～1402.
[8] Bürgmann R,Hilley G,Ferretti A et al.Resolving vertical tectonics in the San Francisco bay area from permanent scatterer InSAR and GPS analysis[J].Geology,2006,34(3):221～224.
[9] 胡俊,李志伟,朱建军等.基于BFGS法融合InSAR和GPS技术监测地表三维形变[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(1):117～126.Hu Jun,Li Zhiwei,Zhu Jianjun et al.Based on the BFGS method fusion InSAR and GPS technology to monitor the three-dimensional deformation of the surface [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56 (1):117～126.(in Chinese)
[10] 张勤,赵超英,丁晓利等.利用GPS与InSAR研究西安现今地面沉降与地裂缝时空演化特征[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1214～1222.Zhang Qin,Zhao Chaoying,Ding Xiaoli et al.Using GPS and InSAR to study the spatio-temporal evolution of land subsidence and ground fissures in Xi’an today [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52 (5):1214～1222.(in Chinese)
[11] 王霞迎,张菊清,张勤等.升降轨InSAR与GPS数据集成反演西安形变场[J].测绘学报,2016,45(7):810～817.Wang Xiaying,Zhang Juqing,Zhang Qin et al.Inferring multi-dimensional deformation filed in Xi’an by combining InSAR of ascending and descending orbits with GPS data[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(7):810～817.(in Chinese)
[12] 曹海坤,赵丽华,毕研磊.利用附加系统参数的GPS-InSAR综合形变模型建立三维形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2017,37(4):344～348.Cao Haikun,Zhao Lihua,Bi Yanlei.The three-dimensional deformation field is established by using the GPS-InSAR comprehensive deformation model with additional system parameters [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2017,37 (4):344～348.(in Chinese)
[13] 杨泽发,朱建军,李志伟等.联合InSAR和水准数据的矿区动态沉降规律分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,(10):3743～3751.Yang Zefa,Zhu Jianjun,Li Zhiwei et al.Analysis of dynamic subsidence law of mining area with combined InSAR and leveling data [J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2015,(10):3743～37510.(in Chinese)
[14] 李更尔,周元华.InSAR、水准及GPS数据融合处理方法[J].测绘通报,2017,(9):78～82.Li Genger,Zhou Yuanhua.InSAR,leveling and GPS data fusion processing method [J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2017 ,(9):78～82.(in Chinese)
[15] 李怀展,查剑锋,米丽倩.基于卡尔曼滤波的D-InSAR和水准监测数据融合方法研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2015,35(3):472～476.Li Huanzhan,Zha Jianfeng,Mi liqian.Research on data fusion method of D-InSAR and leveling monitoring based on Kalman filter [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2015,35 (3):472～476.(in Chinese)
[16] 刘星,吕孝雷.基于卡尔曼滤波的PS-InSAR地表形变预测方法[J].中国科学院大学学报,2017,34(6):743～750.Liu Xing,Lyu Xiaolei.Prediction method of PS-InSAR surface deformation based on Kalman filter [J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,34(6):743～750.(in Chinese)
[17] 廖勇军.昆明长水国际机场团山残积红土边坡稳定性分析[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.Liao Yongjun.Stability analysis of Tuanshan residual laterite slope in Kunming Long Water International Airport [D].Kunming:Kunming University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[18] 马新岩,张合青,韩黎明.分层沉降应变率分析在昆明长水机场的应用[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(1):45～73.Ma Xinyan,Zhang Heqing,Han Liming.Application of stratified settlement strain rate analysis in Kunming Long Water Airport [J].Highway Traffic Technology,2013,30 (1):45～73.(in Chinese)
[19] Tizzani P,Berardino P,Casu F et al.Surface deformation of Long Valley caldera and Mono Basin,California,investigated with the SBAS-InSAR approach[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,108(3):277～289.
[20] 吴文豪,李陶,陈志国等.Sentinel-1A卫星TOPS模式数据干涉处理[J].测绘通报,2016,(2):42～45.Wu Wenhao,Li Tao,Chen Zhiguo et al.Sentinel-1A satellite tops mode data interference processing [J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2016,(2):42～45.(in Chinese)
[21] Grandin R.Interferometric processing of SLC Sentinel-1 TOPS data[C].Fringe2015:Advances in the Science and Applications of SAR Interferometry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop,2015.
[22] 麻源源,左小清,麻卫峰等.基于SBAS-InSAR技术对昆明机场高边坡沉降监测研究[J].工程勘察,2018,46(7):22～27,39.Ma Yuanyuan,Zuo Xiaoqing,Ma Weifeng et al.Study on the settlement monitoring of high slope in Kunming airport based on SBAS-InSAR technology [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2018,46 (7):22～27,39.(in Chinese)
[23] Houtekamer P L,Mitchell H L.Data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter technique[J].Monthly Weather Review,1998,126(3):796～811.
[2] 李乃一,伍吉仓.基于时序InSAR技术监测胜利油田地表沉降[J].工程勘察,2018,46(5):50～54.Li Naiyi,Wu Jicang.Monitoring the surface subsidence of Shengli oilfield based on sequential InSAR technique [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2018,46 (5):50～54.(in Chinese)
[3] 姜德才,张永红,张继贤等.天津市地铁线不均匀地表沉降InSAR监测[J].遥感信息,2017,32(6):27～32.Jiang Decai,Zhang Yonghong,Zhang Jixian et al.InSAR monitoring of uneven surface subsidence of Tianjin metro line [J].Remote sensing information,2017,32(6):27～32.(in Chinese)
[4] 王爱国.运用水准和InSAR的地面沉降监测数据融合方法[J].测绘科学,2015,40(4):121～125.Wang Aiguo.Data fusion method of ground subsidence monitoring using leveling and InSAR [J].Science of Surveying and Mapping,2015,40 (4):121～125.(in Chinese)
[5] 胡俊.InSAR监测地表三维形变的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2008.Hu Jun.Study on the three-dimensional deformation of surface InSAR monitoring [D].Changsha:South Central University,2008.(in Chinese)
[6] Bardi F,Frodella W,Ciampalini A et al.Multi-Platform SAR data integration in landslide mapping in the San Fratello village (Sicily,Italy)[C].IX Forum Geoitalia,2013.
[7] Simons M,Fialko Y,Rivera L.Coseismic deformation from the 1999 Mw 7.1 Hector mine,California,earthquake as inferred from InSAR and GPS observations[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2002,92(4):1390～1402.
[8] Bürgmann R,Hilley G,Ferretti A et al.Resolving vertical tectonics in the San Francisco bay area from permanent scatterer InSAR and GPS analysis[J].Geology,2006,34(3):221～224.
[9] 胡俊,李志伟,朱建军等.基于BFGS法融合InSAR和GPS技术监测地表三维形变[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(1):117～126.Hu Jun,Li Zhiwei,Zhu Jianjun et al.Based on the BFGS method fusion InSAR and GPS technology to monitor the three-dimensional deformation of the surface [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2013,56 (1):117～126.(in Chinese)
[10] 张勤,赵超英,丁晓利等.利用GPS与InSAR研究西安现今地面沉降与地裂缝时空演化特征[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1214～1222.Zhang Qin,Zhao Chaoying,Ding Xiaoli et al.Using GPS and InSAR to study the spatio-temporal evolution of land subsidence and ground fissures in Xi’an today [J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52 (5):1214～1222.(in Chinese)
[11] 王霞迎,张菊清,张勤等.升降轨InSAR与GPS数据集成反演西安形变场[J].测绘学报,2016,45(7):810～817.Wang Xiaying,Zhang Juqing,Zhang Qin et al.Inferring multi-dimensional deformation filed in Xi’an by combining InSAR of ascending and descending orbits with GPS data[J].Acta Geodaetica et Cartographica Sinica,2016,45(7):810～817.(in Chinese)
[12] 曹海坤,赵丽华,毕研磊.利用附加系统参数的GPS-InSAR综合形变模型建立三维形变场[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2017,37(4):344～348.Cao Haikun,Zhao Lihua,Bi Yanlei.The three-dimensional deformation field is established by using the GPS-InSAR comprehensive deformation model with additional system parameters [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2017,37 (4):344～348.(in Chinese)
[13] 杨泽发,朱建军,李志伟等.联合InSAR和水准数据的矿区动态沉降规律分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,(10):3743～3751.Yang Zefa,Zhu Jianjun,Li Zhiwei et al.Analysis of dynamic subsidence law of mining area with combined InSAR and leveling data [J].Journal of Central South University (Science and Technology),2015,(10):3743～37510.(in Chinese)
[14] 李更尔,周元华.InSAR、水准及GPS数据融合处理方法[J].测绘通报,2017,(9):78～82.Li Genger,Zhou Yuanhua.InSAR,leveling and GPS data fusion processing method [J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2017 ,(9):78～82.(in Chinese)
[15] 李怀展,查剑锋,米丽倩.基于卡尔曼滤波的D-InSAR和水准监测数据融合方法研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2015,35(3):472～476.Li Huanzhan,Zha Jianfeng,Mi liqian.Research on data fusion method of D-InSAR and leveling monitoring based on Kalman filter [J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2015,35 (3):472～476.(in Chinese)
[16] 刘星,吕孝雷.基于卡尔曼滤波的PS-InSAR地表形变预测方法[J].中国科学院大学学报,2017,34(6):743～750.Liu Xing,Lyu Xiaolei.Prediction method of PS-InSAR surface deformation based on Kalman filter [J].Journal of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017,34(6):743～750.(in Chinese)
[17] 廖勇军.昆明长水国际机场团山残积红土边坡稳定性分析[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2015.Liao Yongjun.Stability analysis of Tuanshan residual laterite slope in Kunming Long Water International Airport [D].Kunming:Kunming University of Technology,2015.(in Chinese)
[18] 马新岩,张合青,韩黎明.分层沉降应变率分析在昆明长水机场的应用[J].公路交通科技,2013,30(1):45～73.Ma Xinyan,Zhang Heqing,Han Liming.Application of stratified settlement strain rate analysis in Kunming Long Water Airport [J].Highway Traffic Technology,2013,30 (1):45～73.(in Chinese)
[19] Tizzani P,Berardino P,Casu F et al.Surface deformation of Long Valley caldera and Mono Basin,California,investigated with the SBAS-InSAR approach[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,2007,108(3):277～289.
[20] 吴文豪,李陶,陈志国等.Sentinel-1A卫星TOPS模式数据干涉处理[J].测绘通报,2016,(2):42～45.Wu Wenhao,Li Tao,Chen Zhiguo et al.Sentinel-1A satellite tops mode data interference processing [J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2016,(2):42～45.(in Chinese)
[21] Grandin R.Interferometric processing of SLC Sentinel-1 TOPS data[C].Fringe2015:Advances in the Science and Applications of SAR Interferometry and Sentinel-1 InSAR Workshop,2015.
[22] 麻源源,左小清,麻卫峰等.基于SBAS-InSAR技术对昆明机场高边坡沉降监测研究[J].工程勘察,2018,46(7):22～27,39.Ma Yuanyuan,Zuo Xiaoqing,Ma Weifeng et al.Study on the settlement monitoring of high slope in Kunming airport based on SBAS-InSAR technology [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2018,46 (7):22～27,39.(in Chinese)
[23] Houtekamer P L,Mitchell H L.Data assimilation using an ensemble Kalman filter technique[J].Monthly Weather Review,1998,126(3):796～811.
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