浅埋煤层大采高工作面支架合理初撑力确定
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摘要
针对浅埋大采高工作面煤壁片帮控制问题,以陕北某矿大采高工作面为背景,采用理论分析、数值计算和物理模拟相结合的方法,研究了支架初撑力对煤壁稳定性的影响规律。基于"支架-煤壁-顶板"采场结构力学模型,发现支架初撑力的提高,能快速提升支架工作阻力,有效减小煤壁受力,减轻煤壁片帮程度及发生的概率。数值模拟表明:随着初撑力的增加,煤壁塑性区范围减小,煤壁水平位移和顶板下沉量减小,煤壁片帮减轻。考虑大采高工作面等效直接顶静载作用和高位台阶岩梁结构的稳定性,按照控制等效直接顶和保持与额定工作阻力的合理比例关系,给出了基于片帮控制的合理支架初撑力确定方法。
In order to solve the coal wall spalling control issue of large-mining-height longwall face in shallow seam, this study concentrates on a large-mining-height longwall face in the north of Shaanxi province. The effect of support setting load on coal wall stability is studied by using theoretical analysis,numerical calculation and physical simulation. Based on the integral "support-coalwall-roof" model, it is found that the support working resistance rapidly increases with the increase in support setting load.Thus the pressure and spalling probability of coal wall could be reduced effectively. Numerical simulation shows that the plastic zone and horizontal displacement of coal wall decrease with the increase in support setting load. Meanwhile, the roof subsidence and coal wall spalling are also reduced. Taking into account the equivalent immediate roof and stability of high step rock beam structure of large-mining-height face, the determining method of reasonable support setting load for spalling control is put forward based on the weight of equivalent immediate roof and reasonable proportional of rated working resistance.
In order to solve the coal wall spalling control issue of large-mining-height longwall face in shallow seam, this study concentrates on a large-mining-height longwall face in the north of Shaanxi province. The effect of support setting load on coal wall stability is studied by using theoretical analysis,numerical calculation and physical simulation. Based on the integral "support-coalwall-roof" model, it is found that the support working resistance rapidly increases with the increase in support setting load.Thus the pressure and spalling probability of coal wall could be reduced effectively. Numerical simulation shows that the plastic zone and horizontal displacement of coal wall decrease with the increase in support setting load. Meanwhile, the roof subsidence and coal wall spalling are also reduced. Taking into account the equivalent immediate roof and stability of high step rock beam structure of large-mining-height face, the determining method of reasonable support setting load for spalling control is put forward based on the weight of equivalent immediate roof and reasonable proportional of rated working resistance.
引文
[1]屠世浩,袁永.厚煤层大采高综采理论与实践[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2012:22-25.
[2]黄庆享,周金龙.浅埋煤层大采高工作面矿压规律及顶板结构研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(增刊1):279-286.HUANG Qingxiang,ZHOU Jinlong.Roof weighting behavior and roof structure of large mining height longwall face in shallow coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(Sup 1):279-286.
[3]闫少宏,尹希文.大采高综放开采几个理论问题的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(5):481-484.YAN Shaohong,YIN Xiwen.Discussing about the main theoretical problems of long wall with top coal caving[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(5):481-484.
[4]鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵.浅埋特大采高综采工作面关键层“悬臂梁”结构运动对端面漏冒的影响[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(7):1197-1204.JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing.Influence of key strata cantilever structure motion on end-face fall in fully-mechanized face with super great mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(7):1197-1204.
[5]黄庆享,刘建浩.浅埋大采高工作面煤壁片帮的柱条模型分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(2):187-191.HUANG Qingxiang,LIU Jianhao.Vertical slice model for coal wall spalling of large mining height longwall face in shallow seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(2):187-191.
[6]杨胜利,孔德中.大采高煤壁片帮防治柔性加固机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1361-1367.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong.Flexible reinforcement mechanism and its application in the control of spalling at large mining height coal face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1361-1367.
[7]郭卫彬,鲁岩,黄福昌.仰采综放工作面端面煤岩稳定性及控制研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(3):406-412.GUO Weibin,LU Yan,HUANG Fuchang.Stability of surrounding rock in head face of upward fullymechanized caving face and its control tecnology[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(3):406-412.
[8]华心祝,谢广祥.大采高综采工作面煤壁片帮机理及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,36(9):1-3.HUA Xinzhu,XIE Guangxiang.Coal wall spalling mechanism and control technology of fully mechanized high cutting longwall coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2008,36(9):1-3.
[9]杨培举,刘长友,吴锋锋.厚煤层大采高采场煤壁的破坏规律与失稳机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(3):371-377.YANG Peiju,LIU Changyou,WU Fengfeng.Breakage and falling of a high coal wall in a thick mined seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,41(3):371-377.
[10]王国法,庞义辉,刘俊峰.特厚煤层大采高综放开采机采高度的确定与影响[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(11):1777-1782.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,LIU Junfeng.Determination and influence of cutting height of coal by top coal caving method with great mining height in extra thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(11):1777-1782.
[11]尹希文,闫少宏,安宇.大采高综采面煤壁片帮特征分析与应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(2):222-225.YIN Xiwen,YAN Shaohong,AN Yu.Characters of the rib spalling in fully mechanized caving face with great ming height[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2008,25(2):222-225.
[12]王兆会,杨敬虎,孟浩.大采高工作面过断层构造煤壁片帮机理及控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):42-49.WANG Zhaohui,YANG Jinghu,MENG Hao.Mechanism and controlling technology of rib spalling in mining face with large cutting height passing through fault[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(1):42-49.
[13]孔德中,杨胜利,高林.基于煤壁稳定性控制的大采高工作面支架工作阻力确定[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):590-596.K ON G Dez h ong,YAN G She ngli,GA O Lin.Determination of support capacity based on coal face stability control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(3):590-596.
[14]李恒,康天合,李晓坡.大采高综采支架初撑力对煤壁稳定性的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):67-71.LI Heng,KANG Tianhe,LI Xiaopo.Study on setting load of powered support in high cutting fully-mechanized coal mining face affected to coal wall stability[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(9):67-71.
[2]黄庆享,周金龙.浅埋煤层大采高工作面矿压规律及顶板结构研究[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(增刊1):279-286.HUANG Qingxiang,ZHOU Jinlong.Roof weighting behavior and roof structure of large mining height longwall face in shallow coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(Sup 1):279-286.
[3]闫少宏,尹希文.大采高综放开采几个理论问题的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(5):481-484.YAN Shaohong,YIN Xiwen.Discussing about the main theoretical problems of long wall with top coal caving[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(5):481-484.
[4]鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵.浅埋特大采高综采工作面关键层“悬臂梁”结构运动对端面漏冒的影响[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(7):1197-1204.JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing.Influence of key strata cantilever structure motion on end-face fall in fully-mechanized face with super great mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(7):1197-1204.
[5]黄庆享,刘建浩.浅埋大采高工作面煤壁片帮的柱条模型分析[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(2):187-191.HUANG Qingxiang,LIU Jianhao.Vertical slice model for coal wall spalling of large mining height longwall face in shallow seam[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2015,32(2):187-191.
[6]杨胜利,孔德中.大采高煤壁片帮防治柔性加固机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1361-1367.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong.Flexible reinforcement mechanism and its application in the control of spalling at large mining height coal face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1361-1367.
[7]郭卫彬,鲁岩,黄福昌.仰采综放工作面端面煤岩稳定性及控制研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(3):406-412.GUO Weibin,LU Yan,HUANG Fuchang.Stability of surrounding rock in head face of upward fullymechanized caving face and its control tecnology[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2014,31(3):406-412.
[8]华心祝,谢广祥.大采高综采工作面煤壁片帮机理及控制技术[J].煤炭科学技术,2008,36(9):1-3.HUA Xinzhu,XIE Guangxiang.Coal wall spalling mechanism and control technology of fully mechanized high cutting longwall coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2008,36(9):1-3.
[9]杨培举,刘长友,吴锋锋.厚煤层大采高采场煤壁的破坏规律与失稳机理[J].中国矿业大学学报,2012,41(3):371-377.YANG Peiju,LIU Changyou,WU Fengfeng.Breakage and falling of a high coal wall in a thick mined seam[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2012,41(3):371-377.
[10]王国法,庞义辉,刘俊峰.特厚煤层大采高综放开采机采高度的确定与影响[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(11):1777-1782.WANG Guofa,PANG Yihui,LIU Junfeng.Determination and influence of cutting height of coal by top coal caving method with great mining height in extra thick coal seam[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(11):1777-1782.
[11]尹希文,闫少宏,安宇.大采高综采面煤壁片帮特征分析与应用[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2008,25(2):222-225.YIN Xiwen,YAN Shaohong,AN Yu.Characters of the rib spalling in fully mechanized caving face with great ming height[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2008,25(2):222-225.
[12]王兆会,杨敬虎,孟浩.大采高工作面过断层构造煤壁片帮机理及控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):42-49.WANG Zhaohui,YANG Jinghu,MENG Hao.Mechanism and controlling technology of rib spalling in mining face with large cutting height passing through fault[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(1):42-49.
[13]孔德中,杨胜利,高林.基于煤壁稳定性控制的大采高工作面支架工作阻力确定[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(3):590-596.K ON G Dez h ong,YAN G She ngli,GA O Lin.Determination of support capacity based on coal face stability control[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(3):590-596.
[14]李恒,康天合,李晓坡.大采高综采支架初撑力对煤壁稳定性的影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(9):67-71.LI Heng,KANG Tianhe,LI Xiaopo.Study on setting load of powered support in high cutting fully-mechanized coal mining face affected to coal wall stability[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(9):67-71.