蒙自断陷盆地不同土地利用方式土壤养分特征
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摘要
为探讨喀斯特断陷盆地不同土地利用类型土壤养分含量本底特征,以蒙自断陷盆地内林地、农地、园地以及荒草地为研究对象,设置固定样地,采集0～10、10～20、20～40、40～60、60～80、80～100 cm土壤样品,测定土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾、pH以及机械组成,并采用主成分分析的方法选取具有代表性的指标进行土壤质量指数的计算。结果表明:土地利用类型显著影响土壤有机质含量,草地土壤有机质含量最高,其次为农地和林地,果园土壤有机质含量最低;不同土地利用类型之间土壤全氮含量差异显著,农田土壤全氮含量较高,其次是草地与林地,果园最低。林地土壤全钾含量最高,而全磷含量最低,草地土壤全磷含量最高,而全钾含量最低。4种土地利用类型土壤偏酸性,pH变化范围5.82～6.67。土壤质量指数计算结果表明,各类土地利用方式土壤肥力质量较为接近,林地土壤肥力质量最好。研究结果以期为喀斯特断陷盆地土壤养分含量变化范围以及土壤养分现状提供依据,并为评价喀斯特生态系统植被恢复的改良土壤效应提供基础支撑。
In order to investigate the characteristics of soil nutrients content in different land use types of karst gabin basin, Mengzi Gabin basin was used as the study site, soil sampeles were collected at soil depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium soil pH and soil texture in woodland, agricultural land, orchard and grassland were surveyed and determined.The difference of soil indicators between vegetation types was analyzed, and soil fertility quality of four land use types was comprehensively evaluated by the soil quality index(SQI). The results showed that land use significantly affects soil organic matter content, soil organic matter content was the highest in grassland, followed by agricultural land and forest land, while orchard was lowest. There was significant difference in soil total nitrogen content between different land uses. The total nitrogen content in farmland soil was highest, followed by grassland and woodland, and the lowest in the orchard. Woodland had the highest total potassium content and the lowest total phosphorus content. The grassland soil had the highest total phosphorus content and the lowest total potassium content. pH value in the four land use types was acidic, ranged from 5.82 and 6.67. The soil quality index showed that woodland had the highest soil fertility quality. The results of the current study could provide the basis of soil nutrients variation and status in Gabin basin, it also provides support for evaluating the soil improvements during vegetation restoration in fragile Karst ecosystems.
In order to investigate the characteristics of soil nutrients content in different land use types of karst gabin basin, Mengzi Gabin basin was used as the study site, soil sampeles were collected at soil depth of 0-10, 10-20, 20-40, 40-60, 60-80 and 80-100 cm, soil organic matter, soil total nitrogen, soil total phosphorus, soil total potassium soil pH and soil texture in woodland, agricultural land, orchard and grassland were surveyed and determined.The difference of soil indicators between vegetation types was analyzed, and soil fertility quality of four land use types was comprehensively evaluated by the soil quality index(SQI). The results showed that land use significantly affects soil organic matter content, soil organic matter content was the highest in grassland, followed by agricultural land and forest land, while orchard was lowest. There was significant difference in soil total nitrogen content between different land uses. The total nitrogen content in farmland soil was highest, followed by grassland and woodland, and the lowest in the orchard. Woodland had the highest total potassium content and the lowest total phosphorus content. The grassland soil had the highest total phosphorus content and the lowest total potassium content. pH value in the four land use types was acidic, ranged from 5.82 and 6.67. The soil quality index showed that woodland had the highest soil fertility quality. The results of the current study could provide the basis of soil nutrients variation and status in Gabin basin, it also provides support for evaluating the soil improvements during vegetation restoration in fragile Karst ecosystems.
引文
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[11]张伟,王克林,刘淑娟,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地植被演替过程中土壤养分的积累及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):1801-1807.
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[13]龙健,邓启琼,江新荣,等.贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3188-3195.
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[16]袁海伟,苏以荣,郑华,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳和氮素分布特征[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(10):1579-1584.
[17]覃家科,殷兴华,吕仕洪,等.喀斯特生态重建果园土壤养分季节变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,17(6):101-105.
[18]梁月明,苏以荣,何寻阳,等.喀斯特地区不同破位条件下优势灌木根际与非根际土壤养分与pH值的分布特征[J].中国岩溶,2018,27(1):53-58.
[19]廖洪凯,龙健,李娟,等.土地利用方式对喀斯特山区土壤养分及有机碳活性组分的影响[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(12):2081-2090.
[20]李昌兰,戴全厚,程富东.喀斯特坡耕地不同微地貌土壤养分效应[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(14):219-225.
[2]王宇,张华,张贵,等.喀斯特断陷盆地环境地质分区及功能[J].中国岩溶,2017,36(3):283-295.
[3]TONG X,MARTIN B,YUE Y,et al.Increased vegetation growth and carbon stock in China Karst via ecological engineering[J].Nature Sustainability,doi.org/10.1038/s41893-017-0004-x.
[4]卢怡,龙健,廖洪凯,等.喀斯特地区不同土地利用方式下土壤团聚体中养分和酶活性的研究--以花江为例[J].环境化学,2017,38(4):821-829.
[5]张亚杰,钱慧慧,李伏生,等.不同土地管理和土地利用方式喀斯特坡地养分和碳库管理指数的差异[J].生态学报,2016,36(1):27-35.
[6]庞胜江,杨保国,刘士玲,等.桂西北喀斯特山区4种森林表土土壤有机碳含量及养分分布特征[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(4):60-64.
[7]胡芳,杜虎,曾馥平,等.典型喀斯特峰丛洼养分地不同植被恢复对土壤养分含量和微生物多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(6):2171-2179.
[8]卢怡,龙健,廖洪凯,等.不同土地利用方式对喀斯特峰丛洼地土壤团聚体碳、氮、磷分布特征的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2017,45(6):289-294.
[9]彭旭东,戴全厚,李昌兰.模拟降雨下喀斯特坡地耕地土壤养分输出机制[J].生态学报,2018,38(2):625-634.
[10]李胜平,王克林.桂西北喀斯特山地草地土壤养分季节变化规律及其对植被多样性的响应[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(4):200-205.
[11]张伟,王克林,刘淑娟,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地植被演替过程中土壤养分的积累及影响因素[J].应用生态学报,2013,24(7):1801-1807.
[12]肖杰,熊康宁,顾再柯,等.喀斯特石漠化治理区土壤养分综合评价与对比[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):293-299.
[13]龙健,邓启琼,江新荣,等.贵州喀斯特石漠化地区土地利用方式对土壤质量恢复能力的影响[J].生态学报,2005,25(12):3188-3195.
[14]林大仪.土壤学实验指导[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004.
[15]涂成龙,林昌虎,何腾兵,等.石漠化地区生态恢复过程中土壤养分变异特征[J].水土保持通报,2004,24(6):22-25.
[16]袁海伟,苏以荣,郑华,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地不同土地利用类型土壤有机碳和氮素分布特征[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(10):1579-1584.
[17]覃家科,殷兴华,吕仕洪,等.喀斯特生态重建果园土壤养分季节变化研究[J].水土保持研究,2012,17(6):101-105.
[18]梁月明,苏以荣,何寻阳,等.喀斯特地区不同破位条件下优势灌木根际与非根际土壤养分与pH值的分布特征[J].中国岩溶,2018,27(1):53-58.
[19]廖洪凯,龙健,李娟,等.土地利用方式对喀斯特山区土壤养分及有机碳活性组分的影响[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(12):2081-2090.
[20]李昌兰,戴全厚,程富东.喀斯特坡耕地不同微地貌土壤养分效应[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(14):219-225.
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