基于改进SBM模型的中国省际间生态效率研究
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摘要
在考虑我国能源结构调整的基础上,通过构建改进SBM模型,对2012-2016年间我国30个省市的生态效率进行研究。首先对能源结构调整是否会对生态效率产生影响进行验证,发现不考虑能源结构调整会高估我国生态经济发展水平;进一步研究表明,研究期内我国生态效率呈"U"型发展,省市间发展差异呈现出先扩大后减小的发展态势,说明我国生态经济发展逐步变好;东部地区生态效率始终处于较高水平,西部地区效率下降较为明显;研究发现强制性污染治理举措对生态效率提升具有正向促进作用,而通过能源结构调整来减少二氧化碳将越来越难,未来各省市应从能源利用率方面入手减少二氧化碳排放;最后为不同地区生态效率进一步提升,提出政策建议。
On the basis of considering the adjustment of energy structure in China, the ecological efficiency of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2012 to 2016 was studied by constructing an improved SBM model. Firstly, this paper verifies whether the adjustment of energy structure will have an impact on eco-efficiency, and finds that not considering the adjustment of energy structure will overestimate the level of ecological and economic development in China. Further research indicates that China's eco-efficiency shows a "U" type during research period, and the development difference between provinces and cities shows a trend of expansion first and then narrowing, indicating that China's eco-economic development momentum is better.The eco-efficiency in the eastern region has always been at a relatively high level, and the efficiency in the western region has declined significantly.Compulsory pollution control measures will positively promote the eco-efficiency, however, it will become more and more difficult to reduce carbon dioxide through energy structure adjustment. In the future, each province and city should start to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from energy utilization; Finally, for the further improvement of ecological efficiency in different regions, the paper puts forward targeted policies. recommendations.
On the basis of considering the adjustment of energy structure in China, the ecological efficiency of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2012 to 2016 was studied by constructing an improved SBM model. Firstly, this paper verifies whether the adjustment of energy structure will have an impact on eco-efficiency, and finds that not considering the adjustment of energy structure will overestimate the level of ecological and economic development in China. Further research indicates that China's eco-efficiency shows a "U" type during research period, and the development difference between provinces and cities shows a trend of expansion first and then narrowing, indicating that China's eco-economic development momentum is better.The eco-efficiency in the eastern region has always been at a relatively high level, and the efficiency in the western region has declined significantly.Compulsory pollution control measures will positively promote the eco-efficiency, however, it will become more and more difficult to reduce carbon dioxide through energy structure adjustment. In the future, each province and city should start to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from energy utilization; Finally, for the further improvement of ecological efficiency in different regions, the paper puts forward targeted policies. recommendations.
引文
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[11]邓波, 张学军, 郭军华. 基于三阶段DEA模型的区域生态效率研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2011(1):92-99.
[12]杨俊, 陆宇嘉. 基于三阶段DEA的中国环境治理投入效率[J]. 系统工程学报, 2012, 27(5):699-711.
[13]GUO X D, ZHU L, FAN Y, et al. Evaluation of potential reductions in carbon emissions in Chinese provinces based on environmental DEA[J]. Energy Policy, 2011, 39(5):2352-2360.
[14]ZHAO LL, ZHA Y, WEI K, et al. A target-based method for energy saving and carbon emissions reduction in China based on environmental data envelopment analysis[J]. Annals of Operations Research, 2017, 255(1/2):1-24.
[15]BIAN Y W, HE P, XU H. Estimation of potential energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction in China based on an extended non-radial DEA approach[J]. Energy Policy, 2013, 63(4):962-971.
[16]张煊, 王国顺, 王一苇. 生态经济效率评价及时空差异研究[J]. 经济地理, 2014, 34(12):153-160.
[17]FARE R, GROSSKOPF S. New directions: efficiency and productivity[M]. NY:Springer US, 2004.
[18]BI G B, SONG W, ZHOU P, et al. Does environmental regulation affect energy efficiency in China’s thermal power generation? Empirical evidence from a slacks-based DEA model[J]. Energy Policy, 2014, 66(C):537-546.
[19]GPLANY B, ROLL Y. An application procedure for DEA[J]. Omega, 1989, 17(3):237-250.
[2]SCHALTEGGER S, STURM A. ?kologischerationalit?t: ansatzpunktezurausgestaltung von ?kologieorientierten management instrumenten[J]. Die Unternehmung, 1990, 44(4):273-290.
[3]黄和平, 伍世安, 智颖飙,等. 基于生态效率的资源环境绩效动态评估:以江西省为例[J]. 资源科学, 2010, 32(5):924-931.
[4]CHU J, WU J, ZHU Q, et al. Analysis of China’s regional eco-efficiency: a DEA two-stage network approach with equitable efficiency decomposition[J]. Computational Economics, 2016:1-23.
[5]HUA Z, BIAN Y W, LIANG L. Eco-efficiency analysis of paper mills along the Huai River: An extended DEA approach [J]. Omega, 2007, 35(5):578-587.
[6]王晶, 孔凡斌. 区域产业生态化效率评价研究:以鄱阳湖生态经济区为例[J]. 经济地理, 2012, 32(12):101-107.
[7]汪克亮, 孟祥瑞, 杨宝臣,等. 基于环境压力的长江经济带工业生态效率研究[J]. 资源科学, 2015, 37(7):1491-1501.
[8]ZHANG B, BI J, FAN Z, et al. Eco-efficiency analysis of industrial system in China: a data envelopment analysis approach[J]. Ecological Economics, 2008, 68(1):306-316.
[9]张淑英, 李德山, 刘媛媛. 区域工业生态效率评价及其影响因素研究[J]. 统计与决策, 2013(3):61-64.
[10]吴鸣然, 马骏. 中国区域生态效率测度及其影响因素分析:基于DEA-To bit两步法[J]. 技术经济, 2016, 35(3):75-80.
[11]邓波, 张学军, 郭军华. 基于三阶段DEA模型的区域生态效率研究[J]. 中国软科学, 2011(1):92-99.
[12]杨俊, 陆宇嘉. 基于三阶段DEA的中国环境治理投入效率[J]. 系统工程学报, 2012, 27(5):699-711.
[13]GUO X D, ZHU L, FAN Y, et al. Evaluation of potential reductions in carbon emissions in Chinese provinces based on environmental DEA[J]. Energy Policy, 2011, 39(5):2352-2360.
[14]ZHAO LL, ZHA Y, WEI K, et al. A target-based method for energy saving and carbon emissions reduction in China based on environmental data envelopment analysis[J]. Annals of Operations Research, 2017, 255(1/2):1-24.
[15]BIAN Y W, HE P, XU H. Estimation of potential energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction in China based on an extended non-radial DEA approach[J]. Energy Policy, 2013, 63(4):962-971.
[16]张煊, 王国顺, 王一苇. 生态经济效率评价及时空差异研究[J]. 经济地理, 2014, 34(12):153-160.
[17]FARE R, GROSSKOPF S. New directions: efficiency and productivity[M]. NY:Springer US, 2004.
[18]BI G B, SONG W, ZHOU P, et al. Does environmental regulation affect energy efficiency in China’s thermal power generation? Empirical evidence from a slacks-based DEA model[J]. Energy Policy, 2014, 66(C):537-546.
[19]GPLANY B, ROLL Y. An application procedure for DEA[J]. Omega, 1989, 17(3):237-250.