异质性农业经营主体技术采纳行为差异化研究
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摘要
基于农业技术推广的视角,对异质性农业经营主体技术采纳行为的差异性及其影响因素进行了理论探讨,并利用微观调查数据进行了验证。研究表明:农业生产要素规模、结构及技能水平差异,导致异质性农业经营主体技术采纳成本、收益及风险判断的不同,使其技术内容、推广途径及推广主体选择呈现显著差异;小规模兼业农户偏好由政府推广机构通过技术人员现场指导的方式提供生产阶段的技术;家庭农场(专业大户)偏好由农资企业通过公共传媒提供与其规模经营特征相适应的技术;农民专业合作组织偏好通过组织自身的技术选择及应用满足其多元化技术需求;农业企业偏好通过经营性推广主体的多元化推广途径,获得服务其经营目标的各类技术。因此,为了提升农技推广效率和农技服务有效供给水平,应针对不同规模、不同组织化的农业经营主体制定农技精准推广方案,提高农业技术供求的匹配程度。
Based on the perspective of agricultural technology promotion,this paper discusses the difference of the adoption behavior of heterogeneous agricultural management and its influencing factors,and uses the micro survey data to verify it. The results show that the differences in the scale,structure and production skill level of agricultural production factors lead to differences in the cost,benefit and risk of heterogeneous agricultural management,and result in significant differences in technical content,propagation path and propagation operators. Small-scale farmers prefer on-site guidance by technical staff of government agency. Family farms( professional farms) prefer the technologies obtained from public media,compatible with the advantages of scale management,which provided by agricultural production means( APM) enterprises. Farmers ' professional co-operative organizations prefer to meet diversified technology demands by organizing own technology choices and applications. Agricultural enterprises access various technologies to serve business objectives by diversification approach that provided by commercial propagation organization. Therefore,in order to improve the efficiency of agricultural technology promotion and effective supply of agricultural technology,we should make precision promotion for different sizes and organizations of agricultural management operators,and to improve the matching degree of agricultural technology supply and demand.
Based on the perspective of agricultural technology promotion,this paper discusses the difference of the adoption behavior of heterogeneous agricultural management and its influencing factors,and uses the micro survey data to verify it. The results show that the differences in the scale,structure and production skill level of agricultural production factors lead to differences in the cost,benefit and risk of heterogeneous agricultural management,and result in significant differences in technical content,propagation path and propagation operators. Small-scale farmers prefer on-site guidance by technical staff of government agency. Family farms( professional farms) prefer the technologies obtained from public media,compatible with the advantages of scale management,which provided by agricultural production means( APM) enterprises. Farmers ' professional co-operative organizations prefer to meet diversified technology demands by organizing own technology choices and applications. Agricultural enterprises access various technologies to serve business objectives by diversification approach that provided by commercial propagation organization. Therefore,in order to improve the efficiency of agricultural technology promotion and effective supply of agricultural technology,we should make precision promotion for different sizes and organizations of agricultural management operators,and to improve the matching degree of agricultural technology supply and demand.
引文
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[9]龙冬平,李同昇,芮旸,等.特色种植农户对不同技术供给模式的行为响应——以陕西省周至县猕猴桃种植示范村为例[J].经济地理,2015(5):135-142.
[10]满明俊,周民良,李同昇.农户采用不同属性技术行为的差异分析——基于陕西、甘肃、宁夏的调查[J].中国农村经济,2010(2):68-78.
[11]庄丽娟,贺梅英.我国荔枝主产区农户技术服务需求意愿及影响因素分析[J].农业经济问题,2010(11):61-66.
[12]王火根,李娜.农户新能源技术应用行为及其影响因素分析[J].湖南农业大学学报,2016(5):1-7.
[13]王琛,吴敬学.农户粮食种植技术选择意愿影响研究[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(1):45-53.
[14]钱克明.规模很重要,适度是关键[J].求是,2015(7):37-39.
[15]朱萌,齐振宏,邬兰娅,等.新型农业经营主体农业技术需求影响因素的实证分析——以江苏省南部395户种稻大户为例[J].中国农村观察,2015(1):30-38,93-94.
[16]仇焕广,栾昊,李瑾,等.风险规避对农户化肥过量施用行为的影响[J].中国农村经济,2014(3):85-96.
[17]倪国华,蔡昉.农户究竟需要多大的农地经营规模——农地经营规模决策图谱研究[J].经济研究,2015(3):159-171.
[2]孔祥智,方松海,庞晓鹏,等.西部地区农户禀赋对农业技术采纳的影响分析[J].经济研究,2004(12):85-95.
[3]张耀钢,应瑞瑶.农户技术服务需求的优先序及影响因素分析——基于江苏省种植业农户的实证研究[J].江苏社会科学,2007(3):65-71.
[4]韩洪云,杨增旭.农户测土配方施肥技术采纳行为研究——基于山东省枣庄市薛城区农户调研数据[J].中国农业科学,2011(23):4962-4970.
[5]杨唯一,鞠晓峰.基于博弈模型的农户技术采纳行为分析[J].中国软科学,2014(11):42-49.
[6]龙冬平,李同昇,于正松.农业技术扩散中的农户采用行为研究:国外进展与国内趋势[J].地域研究与开发,2014(5):132-139.
[7]薛洲,曹光乔.农户采纳信息服务意愿分析[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2017(2):60-70.
[8]王玄文,胡瑞法.农民对农业技术推广组织有偿服务需求分析——以棉花生产为例[J].中国农村经济,2003(4):63-68.
[9]龙冬平,李同昇,芮旸,等.特色种植农户对不同技术供给模式的行为响应——以陕西省周至县猕猴桃种植示范村为例[J].经济地理,2015(5):135-142.
[10]满明俊,周民良,李同昇.农户采用不同属性技术行为的差异分析——基于陕西、甘肃、宁夏的调查[J].中国农村经济,2010(2):68-78.
[11]庄丽娟,贺梅英.我国荔枝主产区农户技术服务需求意愿及影响因素分析[J].农业经济问题,2010(11):61-66.
[12]王火根,李娜.农户新能源技术应用行为及其影响因素分析[J].湖南农业大学学报,2016(5):1-7.
[13]王琛,吴敬学.农户粮食种植技术选择意愿影响研究[J].华南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2016(1):45-53.
[14]钱克明.规模很重要,适度是关键[J].求是,2015(7):37-39.
[15]朱萌,齐振宏,邬兰娅,等.新型农业经营主体农业技术需求影响因素的实证分析——以江苏省南部395户种稻大户为例[J].中国农村观察,2015(1):30-38,93-94.
[16]仇焕广,栾昊,李瑾,等.风险规避对农户化肥过量施用行为的影响[J].中国农村经济,2014(3):85-96.
[17]倪国华,蔡昉.农户究竟需要多大的农地经营规模——农地经营规模决策图谱研究[J].经济研究,2015(3):159-171.