花生粕和淘米水联合发酵产酸的协同效应
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摘要
为了研究2种典型有机废物花生粕和淘米水联合发酵产挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)的协同效应。根据不同配比设计了6组C/N,采用批式厌氧发酵工艺,考查各组的VFAs产量及组成、pH、氨氮和溶解性糖原的变化。结果表明:通过与花生粕空白组和淘米水空白组对比,C/N=15∶1和25∶1协同效应均显著,VFAs最高浓度分别为11 939.95 mg·L~(-1)和17 228.06 mg·L~(-1);利用响应曲面法分析预测在C/N=26.24,发酵时间为10.54 d时,产VFAs效果最优;C/N=69∶1协同效应均显著、C/N=156∶1协同效应均不存在。C/N=15∶1和25∶1的VFAs产量与pH均呈显著正相关、与氨氮均呈极显著正相关、与溶解性糖原均呈极显著负相关。由此可知,C/N=15∶1和25∶1产VFAs效果较好。
In order to investigate the synergistic effects of the combined fermentation of two typical organic wastes(peanut meal and rice washing water) to produce volatile fatty acids(VFAs), the batch anaerobic fermentation tests with six different C/N ratios of peanut meal and rice washing water were conducted. Under each C/N ratio, the changes of VFAs yield and composition, pH, ammonia nitrogen and dissolved glycogen during the fermentation process were studied accordingly. The results showed that the significant synergistic effects occurred at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 in comparison with the blank groups of peanut meal and the rice washing water, and the highest VFAs concentrations were 11 939.95 mg·L-1 and 17 228.06 mg·L-1, respectively.The response surface methodology(RSM) was used to predict the optimum VFAs yield, which occurred at C/N ratio of26.24 and 10.54 fermentation days. In addition, a significant synergistic effect also happened at C/N ratio of 69∶1,while this effect didn't happen at C/N ratio of 156∶1. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was determined between the VFAs yields at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 and pH, an extremely significant positive correlation happened between them and ammonia nitrogen, while an extremely significant negatively correlation appeared between them and soluble glycogen. Thus, better VFAs yields occurred at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 than others.
In order to investigate the synergistic effects of the combined fermentation of two typical organic wastes(peanut meal and rice washing water) to produce volatile fatty acids(VFAs), the batch anaerobic fermentation tests with six different C/N ratios of peanut meal and rice washing water were conducted. Under each C/N ratio, the changes of VFAs yield and composition, pH, ammonia nitrogen and dissolved glycogen during the fermentation process were studied accordingly. The results showed that the significant synergistic effects occurred at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 in comparison with the blank groups of peanut meal and the rice washing water, and the highest VFAs concentrations were 11 939.95 mg·L-1 and 17 228.06 mg·L-1, respectively.The response surface methodology(RSM) was used to predict the optimum VFAs yield, which occurred at C/N ratio of26.24 and 10.54 fermentation days. In addition, a significant synergistic effect also happened at C/N ratio of 69∶1,while this effect didn't happen at C/N ratio of 156∶1. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was determined between the VFAs yields at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 and pH, an extremely significant positive correlation happened between them and ammonia nitrogen, while an extremely significant negatively correlation appeared between them and soluble glycogen. Thus, better VFAs yields occurred at C/N ratios of 15∶1 and 25∶1 than others.
引文
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[31]KAYHANIAN M,DAN R.Sludge management using the biodegradable organic fraction of municipal solid waste as a primary substrate[J].Water Environment Research,1996,68(2):240-252.
[32]YEN H W,BRUNE D E.Anaerobic co-digestion of algal sludge and waste paper to produce methane[J].Bioresource Technology,2007,98(1):130-134.
[33]李礼,徐龙君.碳氮比对鸭粪中温厌氧消化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(8):1903-1906.
[2]周垂钦,祝清俊,段友臣,等.我国花生油产业发展现状与前景[J].中国油脂,2009,34(10):5-8.
[3]刘庆芳,蒋竹青,贾敏,等.花生粕综合利用研究进展[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(7):192-195.
[4]梅娜,周文明,胡晓玉,等.花生粕营养成分分析[J].西北农业学报,2007,16(3):96-99.
[5]李成贵.中国大米政策分析[J].中国农村经济,2002(9):53-59.
[6]戈蕾,葛大兵.城市家庭生活污水水量调查与水质分析[J].环境科学与管理,2010,35(2):16-17.
[7]DEUBLEIN D,STEINHAUSER A.Biogas from Waste and Renewable Resources:An Introduction[M].Weinheim:WileyVCH,2011.
[8]LIU J,YUAN Y,LI B,et al.Enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater in an anaerobic-aerobicanoxic sequencing batch reactor with sludge fermentation products as carbon source[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,244:1158-1165.
[9]ZHAO J,LIU Y,WANG D,et al.Potential impact of salinity on methane production from food waste anaerobic digestion[J].Waste Management,2017,67:308-314.
[10]LI Y,ZHANG Z,ZHU S,et al.Comparison of bio-hydrogen production yield capacity between asynchronous and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes from agricultural residue by mixed anaerobic cultures[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,247:1210-1214.
[11]张玉静.餐厨垃圾厌氧水解产挥发性脂肪酸技术研究[D].北京:清华大学,2013.
[12]HONG C,MENG H,NIE Z,et al.Polyhydroxyalkanoate production from fermented volatile fatty acids:Effect of pH and feeding regimes[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,128(1):533-538.
[13]刘晓玲.城市污泥厌氧发酵产酸条件优化及其机理研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[14]JIANG J,ZHANG Y,LI K,et al.Volatile fatty acids production from food waste:Effects of pH,temperature,and organic loading rate[J].Bioresource Technology,2013,143(9):525-530.
[15]OLIVEIRA C S S,SILVA C E,CARVALHO G,et al.Strategies for efficiently selecting PHA producing mixed microbial cultures using complex feedstocks:Feast and famine regime and uncoupled carbon and nitrogen availabilities[J].New Biotechnology,2017,37:69-79.
[16]陈国强.生物高分子材料聚羟基脂肪酸酯(PHA)开发现状及产业化前景分析[J].化工新型材料,2010,38(10):1-7.
[17]HUANG L P,JIN B,LANT P,et al.Biotechnological production of lactic acid integrated with potato wastewater treatment by Rhizopus arrhizus[J].Journal of Chemical Technology&Biotechnology,2003,78(8):899-906.
[18]SARITPONGTEERAKA K,BOONSAWANG P,SUNG S,et al.Co-fermentation of oil palm lignocellulosic residue with pig manure in anaerobic leach bed reactor for fatty acid production[J].Energy Conversion&Management,2014,84:354-362.
[19]张波,徐剑波,蔡伟民.有机废物厌氧消化过程中氨氮的抑制性影响[J].中国沼气,2003,21(3):26-28.
[20]高树梅.餐厨垃圾厌氧消化过程中氨氮耐受响应机制研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2015.
[21]国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[22]王孝平,邢树礼.考马斯亮蓝法测定蛋白含量的研究[J].天津化工,2009,23(3):40-42.
[23]DUBOIS M,GILLES K,HAMILTON J K,et al.A colorimetric method for the determination of sugars[J].Nature,1951,168(4265):167.
[24]周建群,胡君荣.挥发性固体测试的灼烧条件研究[J].江西化工,2009(4):171-174.
[25]杨奕,周理君.利用气相色谱法测定剩余污泥厌氧消化产生的混合VFA[J].污染防治技术,2011,24(5):36-38.
[26]刘艳玲,任南琪,刘敏,等.气相色谱法分析厌氧反应器中的挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,2000,33(6):31-34.
[27]刘和,刘晓玲,邱坚,等.C/N对污泥厌氧发酵产酸类型及代谢途径的影响[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(2):340-346.
[28]CADAVID-RODRíGUEZ L S,HORAN N J.Production of volatile fatty acids from wastewater screenings using a leach-bed reactor[J].Water Research,2014,60:242-249.
[29]刘薇,吴畏.厨余厌氧发酵过程中水解及产氢特性研究[C]//中国环境科学学会.2014中国环境科学学会学术年会,2014:83-87.
[30]RAMSAY I R,PULLAMMANAPPALLIL P C.Protein degradation during anaerobic wastewater treatment:Derivation of stoichiometry[J].Biodegradation,2001,12(4):247-256.
[31]KAYHANIAN M,DAN R.Sludge management using the biodegradable organic fraction of municipal solid waste as a primary substrate[J].Water Environment Research,1996,68(2):240-252.
[32]YEN H W,BRUNE D E.Anaerobic co-digestion of algal sludge and waste paper to produce methane[J].Bioresource Technology,2007,98(1):130-134.
[33]李礼,徐龙君.碳氮比对鸭粪中温厌氧消化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(8):1903-1906.