采用碱浸预脱硅-氰化工艺从氰化尾渣中回收金
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摘要
采用高浓度碱浸对氰化尾渣进行预脱硅处理,考察搅拌速度、固液比、Na OH浓度及温度对硅浸出速率的影响,研究脱硅过程的反应动力学,得到相应的动力学方程。结果表明:当搅拌速度为400 r/min、固液比为1:5、Na OH浓度为80%、反应温度为280℃时,二氧化硅的浸出率为91.8%;碱浸过程受产物层内扩散控制,表观反应活化能为37.375 k J/mol。通过正交实验对氰化浸金的条件进行了优化,在Si O2浸出率为91.8%,Na CN浓度为1.5 g/L,固液比为1:3,浸出时间为48 h的条件下,金的浸出率为87.83%。
High-concentration alkaline leaching was used to treat cyanide residue for predesilication. The effects of stirring speed, solid-liquid ratio, initial Na OH concentration and reaction temperature on the leaching rate of silicon dioxide were studied. The kinetics of the desilication process was studied and the corresponding kinetics equation was established. The results show that the leaching rate of Si O2 reaches 91.8% under the condition of alkaline leaching reaction temperature of 280 ℃, reaction time of 5 h, Na OH concentration of 80%, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5. The alkaline leaching process is controlled by the internal diffusion on the solid product layer and the apparent activation energy is 37.375 k J/mol. The cyanide leaching conditions of gold were optimized by the orthogonal experiment. The leaching efficiency of gold is 87.83% under the condition of the leaching rate of Si O2 of 91.8%, Na Cn concentration of 1.5 g/L, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, leaching time of 48 h.
High-concentration alkaline leaching was used to treat cyanide residue for predesilication. The effects of stirring speed, solid-liquid ratio, initial Na OH concentration and reaction temperature on the leaching rate of silicon dioxide were studied. The kinetics of the desilication process was studied and the corresponding kinetics equation was established. The results show that the leaching rate of Si O2 reaches 91.8% under the condition of alkaline leaching reaction temperature of 280 ℃, reaction time of 5 h, Na OH concentration of 80%, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:5. The alkaline leaching process is controlled by the internal diffusion on the solid product layer and the apparent activation energy is 37.375 k J/mol. The cyanide leaching conditions of gold were optimized by the orthogonal experiment. The leaching efficiency of gold is 87.83% under the condition of the leaching rate of Si O2 of 91.8%, Na Cn concentration of 1.5 g/L, the solid-liquid ratio of 1:3, leaching time of 48 h.
引文
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[15]李兰杰,陈东辉,白瑞国,郑诗礼,杜浩,王少娜,张懿.含钒尾渣Na OH亚熔盐浸出提钒[J].过程工程学报,2011,11(5):747-754.LI Lan-jie,CHEN Dong-hui,BAI Rui-guo,ZHENG Shi-li,DU Hao,WANG Shao-na,ZHANG Yi.Leaching of vanadium from vanadium-containing residue by Na OH sub-molten salt[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2011,11(5):747-754.
[16]赵中伟,龙双,陈爱良,霍广生,贾希俊,李洪桂,阎海泉.难选高硅型氧化锌矿机械活化碱法浸出研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(4):1246-1250.ZHAO Zhong-wei,LONG Shuang,CHEN Ai-liang,HUO Guang-sheng,JIA Xi-jun,LI Hong-gui,YAN Hai-quan.Alkali leaching of refractory high silica zinc oxide ore by mechanical activation[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,41(4):1246-1250.
[2]朱磊,康广凤,李淑芬,楚宪锋,吴向阳.氰化尾渣多元素资源化回收技术研究[J].环境科技,2010,23(2):5-7.ZHU Lei,KANG Guang-feng,LI Shu-fen,CHU Xian-feng,WU Xiang-yang.Research on multi-element resources of utilizing cyaniding tailings[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2010,23(2):5-7.
[3]张亚莉,于先进,张丽鹏.高铁氰化渣湿法处理的研究进展及工艺开发[J].山东冶金,2010,32(5):3-5.ZHANG Ya-li,YU Xian-jin,ZHANG Li-peng.Research progress on hydrometallurgical treatment of cyanide tailings with high iron content and process development[J].Shandong Metallurgy,2010,32(5):3-5.
[4]王志刚,彭殿军.氰化尾渣中金银回收技术研究进展[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2013,34(5):15-17.WANG Zhi-gang,PENG Dian-jun.Research development of gold and silver recovery from cyanide tailings[J].Nonferrous Metals Engineering&Research,2013,34(5):15-17.
[5]张福元,张玉华.氰渣综合利用提取金银的试验研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2007,36(3):335-338.ZHANG Fu-yuan,ZHANG Yu-hua.Study on the recovery of gold and silver from cyanide residue[J].Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2007,36(3):335-338.
[6]姚志通,李金惠,刘丽丽,谢亨华,任玉森.黄金尾矿的处理及综合利用[J].中国矿业,2011,20(12):60-63.YAO Zhi-Tong,LI Jin-hui,Liu Li-li,XIE Heng-hua,REN Yu-shen.The treatment and comprehensive utilization of gold tailings[J].China Mining Magazine,2011,20(12):60-63.
[7]XIAO Q G,CHEN Y,GAO Y Y,XU H G,ZHANG Y.Leaching of silica from vanadium-bearing steel slag in sodium hydroxide solution[J].Hydrometallurgy,2010,104(2):216-221.
[8]杨波,王京刚,张亦飞,张懿.常压下高浓度Na OH浸取铝土矿预脱硅[J].过程工程学报,2007,7(5):922-927.YANG Bo,WANG Jing-gang,ZHANG Yi-fei,ZHANG Yi.Pre-desiliconization of a bauxite ore through leaching by high concentration Na OH solution under atmospheric pressure[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2007,7(5):922-927.
[9]赵昌明,翟玉春,刘岩,段华美.红土镍矿在Na OH亚熔盐体系中的预脱硅[J].中国有色金属学报,2009,19(5):948-954.ZHAO Chang-ming,ZHAI Yu-chun,LIU Yan,DUAN Hua-mei.Pre-desilication of laterite in Na OH sub-molten salt system[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2009,19(5):948-954.
[10]刘玉民,齐涛,王丽娜,初景龙,张懿.KOH亚熔盐法分解钛铁矿[J].过程工程学报,2009,9(2):319-323.LIU Yu-min,QI Tao,WANG Li-na,CHU Jing-long,ZHANG Yi.Decomposition of ilmenite in KOH sub-molten salt[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2009,9(2):319-323.
[11]陈超,韦萍,栗海锋,文衍宣,赖旺坤,黄静,羊丹.常压碱溶法提取软锰矿酸浸渣中的硅[J].无机盐工业,2012,44(9):36-38.CHEN Chao,WEI Ping,LI Hai-feng,WEN Yanxuan,LAI Wang-kun,HUANG Jing,YANG Dan.Leaching silicon from acid leaching residue of pyrolusite by alkaline leaching method at atmospheric pressure[J].Inorganic Chemicals Industry,2012,44(9):36-38.
[12]于洪浩,贺燕,薛向欣,王余莲.Na OH-Na NO3熔盐法分解铁尾矿的动力学[J].中国有色金属学报,2011,21(11):2958-2963.YU Hong-hao,HE Yan,XUE Xiang-xin,WANG Yu-lian.Decomposition kinetics of iron ore tailings by Na OH-Na NO3molten salt method[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2011,21(11):2958-2963.
[13]杨显万,邱定蕃.湿法冶金[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1998:164-211.YANG Xian-wan,QIU Ding-fan.Hydrometallurgy[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1998:164-211.
[14]刘挥彬,杜浩,刘彪,王少娜,郑诗礼,张懿.KOH亚熔盐中钒渣的溶出行为[J].中国有色金属学报,2013,23(4):1128-1139.LIU Hui-bin,DU Hao,LIU Biao,WANG Shao-na,ZHENG Shi-li,ZHANG Yi.Dissolution behavior of vanadium slag in KOH sub-molten salt[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2013,23(4):1128-1139.
[15]李兰杰,陈东辉,白瑞国,郑诗礼,杜浩,王少娜,张懿.含钒尾渣Na OH亚熔盐浸出提钒[J].过程工程学报,2011,11(5):747-754.LI Lan-jie,CHEN Dong-hui,BAI Rui-guo,ZHENG Shi-li,DU Hao,WANG Shao-na,ZHANG Yi.Leaching of vanadium from vanadium-containing residue by Na OH sub-molten salt[J].The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering,2011,11(5):747-754.
[16]赵中伟,龙双,陈爱良,霍广生,贾希俊,李洪桂,阎海泉.难选高硅型氧化锌矿机械活化碱法浸出研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2010,41(4):1246-1250.ZHAO Zhong-wei,LONG Shuang,CHEN Ai-liang,HUO Guang-sheng,JIA Xi-jun,LI Hong-gui,YAN Hai-quan.Alkali leaching of refractory high silica zinc oxide ore by mechanical activation[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2010,41(4):1246-1250.