基于标准差标准化的矿井瞬变电磁数据处理方法研究
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摘要
基于体积效应及干扰等影响,常规处理手段得到的视电阻率断面特征复杂多变且会存在假异常,容易对分析解释工作造成误判,为解决矿井瞬变电磁探测中常规视电阻率直接成图解释方法精度不高的问题,提出基于标准差标准化算法的资料处理解释方法,该方法将统计学理论引入矿井瞬变电磁数据分析中,从数据角度消除量纲单位及数据变异带来的误差影响,解决电阻率异常解释范围过大的问题,实现异常的聚焦定位解释。研究结果表明:通过对数值模拟数据和现场实测资料处理,针对矿井瞬变电磁超前探测问题,除在施工时采用降低干扰影响的相关技术手段提高数据质量之外,还可在后期数据处理过程中采取合理算法,提高成图及解释效果;基于标准差标准化算法的资料处理解释方法能够改善视电阻率异常解释曲线绕迎头环状分布问题,降低体积效应及干扰因素的影响,有效突出异常,异常解释成果与钻孔实际揭露情况吻合较好。此方法可有效提升矿井瞬变电磁资料解释精度,提高解释成果的可信度。
In view of the influence of volume effect and interference,the characteristics of apparent resistivity section obtained by conventional processing methods are complex and changeable,and there are always false anomalies,which can easily cause misjudgment of analysis and interpretation. In order to solve the problem that the conventional apparent resistivity direct mapping method is not accurate in mine transient electromagnetic detection,a data processing and interpretation method based on standard deviation standardization algorithm is proposed. This method introduces the statistical theory into the analysis of mine transient electromagnetic data,which can eliminate the error effects of dimensional units and data variations from the data aspect,and solve the problem of excessive abnormal interpretation range,and realize the focused positioning and interpretation of anomalies. Through the processing of numerical simulation data and on-site measured data,it is shown that in view of the problem of mine transient electromagnetic advance detection,and in addition to improving the data quality by using the relevant technical means to reduce the influence of interference during construction,a reasonable algorithm can be adopted in the later data processing process to improve the mapping and interpretation effect. The data processing and interpretation method based on standard deviation normalization algorithm can improve annular distribution problem of apparent resistivity around detecting points,reduce the influence of volume effect and interference factors,and effectively highlight anomalies. The results of abnormal interpretation are in good agreement with the actual revelation of the borehole. This method can effectively improve the interpretation accuracy of mine transient electromagnetic data and improve the credibility of interpretation results.
In view of the influence of volume effect and interference,the characteristics of apparent resistivity section obtained by conventional processing methods are complex and changeable,and there are always false anomalies,which can easily cause misjudgment of analysis and interpretation. In order to solve the problem that the conventional apparent resistivity direct mapping method is not accurate in mine transient electromagnetic detection,a data processing and interpretation method based on standard deviation standardization algorithm is proposed. This method introduces the statistical theory into the analysis of mine transient electromagnetic data,which can eliminate the error effects of dimensional units and data variations from the data aspect,and solve the problem of excessive abnormal interpretation range,and realize the focused positioning and interpretation of anomalies. Through the processing of numerical simulation data and on-site measured data,it is shown that in view of the problem of mine transient electromagnetic advance detection,and in addition to improving the data quality by using the relevant technical means to reduce the influence of interference during construction,a reasonable algorithm can be adopted in the later data processing process to improve the mapping and interpretation effect. The data processing and interpretation method based on standard deviation normalization algorithm can improve annular distribution problem of apparent resistivity around detecting points,reduce the influence of volume effect and interference factors,and effectively highlight anomalies. The results of abnormal interpretation are in good agreement with the actual revelation of the borehole. This method can effectively improve the interpretation accuracy of mine transient electromagnetic data and improve the credibility of interpretation results.
引文
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[11]程久龙,李明星,肖艳丽,等.全空间条件下矿井瞬变电磁法粒子群优化反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(10):3478-3484.CHENG Jiulong,LI Mingxing,XIAO Yanli,et al.Study on particle swarm optimization inversion of mine transient electromagnetic method in whole-space[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(10):3478-3484.
[12]杨海燕,邓居智,张华,等.矿井瞬变电磁法全空间视电阻率解释方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(3):651-656.YANG Haiyan,DENG Juzhi,ZHANG Hua,et al.Research on full-space apparent resistivity interpretation technique in mine transient electromagnetic method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(3):651-656.
[13]LI Gang,LI Yuguo.Joint inversion for transmitter navigation and seafloor resistivity for frequency-domain marine CSEM data[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2017,136,178-189.
[14]程久龙,邱浩,叶云涛,等.矿井瞬变电磁法波场变换与数据处理方法研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(9):1646-1650.CHENG Jiulong,QIU Hao,YE Yuntao,et al.Research on wave field transformation and data processing of the mine transient electromagnetic method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(9):1646-1650.
[15]李文.煤矿采空区地面综合物探方法优化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):194-199.LI Wen.Optimization study of surface comprehensive geophysical detection methods of coal mine goafs[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):194-199.
[16]路拓,刘盛东,王勃.综合矿井物探技术在含水断层探测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(3):1371-1375.LU Tuo,LIU Shengdong,WANG Bo,et al.Application of integrated mining geophysical method in detection of water-bearing faults[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(3):1371-1375.
[17]程久龙,李飞,彭苏萍,等.矿井巷道地球物理方法超前探测研究进展与展望[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1742-1750.CHENG Jiulong,LI Fei,PENG Suping,et al.Research progress and development direction on advanced detection in mine roadway working face using geophysical[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1742-1750.
[18]张文伟,真齐辉,底青云.多通道瞬变电磁法频率域比值算法及视电阻率计算研究[J].地球物理学报,2018,61(10):4171-4181.ZHANG Wenwei,ZHEN Qihui,DI Qingyun.Study on MTEM frequency-domain ration method and apparent resistivity calculation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2018,61(10):4171-4181.
[19]王恩营,刘山清,高荣斌,等.基于瞬变电磁法探究中高阶煤层瓦斯含量与视电阻率关系的试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(6):149-153.WANG Enying,LIU Shanqing,GAO Rongbin,et al.Transient electromagnetic exploration based experiment on the relationship between the level of gas content and apparent resistivity in high rank coal seam[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(6):149-153.
[20]余翔,王绪本,李新均,等.时域瞬变电磁法三维有限差分正演技术研究[J].地球物理学报,2017,60(2):810-819.YU Xiang,WANG Xuben,LI Xinjun,et al.Three-dimensional finite difference forward modeling of the transient electromagnetic method in the time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2017,60(2):810-819.
[21]WANG Tao,TAN Handong,LI Zhiqiang,et al.3D finite-difference modeling algorithm and anomaly features of ZTEM[J].Applied Geophysics,2016,13(3):553-560.
[22]姚伟华,王鹏,郭恒,等.煤矿井下瞬变电磁超前探测数值模拟研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2018,40(3):353-357.YAO Weihua,WANG Peng,GUO Heng,et al.Numerical simulation of transient electromagnetic advance detection in coal mine[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2018,40(3):353-357.
[2]范涛,鲁晶津,王冰纯,等.瞬变电磁虚拟波场反演法在井下超前探测中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(10):8-15,47.FAN Tao,LU Jingjin,WANG Bingchun,et al.Inversion method of transient electromagnetic virtual wave-field applied to advance detection in underground mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(10):8-15,47.
[3]张军.矿井瞬变电磁合成孔径成像处理系统研究[J].地球物理学进展,2016,31(5):2255-2262.ZHANG Jun.Research on electromagnetic synthetic aperture imaging processing system in mine[J].Progress in Geophysics,2016,31(5):2255-2262.
[4]李飞,程久龙,温来福,等.矿井瞬变电磁法电阻率偏低原因分析与校正方法[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(7):1959-1964.LI Fei,CHENG Jiulong,WEN Laifu,et al.Reason and correction of low resistivity problem in mine transient electromagnetic method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(7):1959-1964.
[5]薛国强,于景邨.瞬变电磁法在煤炭领域的研究与应用新进展[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(1):319-326.XUE Guoqiang,YU Jingcun.New development of TEM research and application in coal mine exploration[J].Progress in Geophysics,2017,32(1):319-326.
[6]牟义.浅埋采空区瞬变电磁法响应特征试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(10):203-208.MU Yi.Experimental study on response characteristics of transient electromagnetic method in shallow gob[J].Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(10):203-208.
[7]张永超,贾新果,陈凯,等.瞬变电磁法探测超高水材料注浆治理采空区效果[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(3):174-178,100.ZHANG Yongchao,JIAXinguo,CHEN Kai,et al.TEM inspecting of goaf treatment effect with grouting super high water material[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(3):174-178,100.
[8]孙怀凤,程铭,宿传玺,等.隧(巷)道掘进工作面-钻孔瞬变电磁超前探测方法物理模拟试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(8):2110-2115.SUN Huaifeng,CHENG Ming,SU Chuanxi,et al.Tunnel faceborehole transient electromagnetic method and its physical experimental studies[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(8):2110-2115.
[9]李术才,李凯,翟明华,等.矿井地面-井下电性源瞬变电磁探测响应规律分析[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(8):2024-2032.LI Shucai,LI Kai,ZHAI Minghua,et al.Analysis of grounded transient electromagnetic with surface-tunnel configuration in mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(8):2024-2032.
[10]邢修举,蒋齐平,吴正飞,等.全空间定点三维瞬变电磁探测技术研究及应用[J].煤田地质与勘探,2018,46(S1):60-65.XING Xiuju,JIANG Qiping,WU Zhengfei,et al.Threedimensional transient electromagnetic detection technology of fixed point in full space[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2018,46(S1):60-65.
[11]程久龙,李明星,肖艳丽,等.全空间条件下矿井瞬变电磁法粒子群优化反演研究[J].地球物理学报,2014,57(10):3478-3484.CHENG Jiulong,LI Mingxing,XIAO Yanli,et al.Study on particle swarm optimization inversion of mine transient electromagnetic method in whole-space[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2014,57(10):3478-3484.
[12]杨海燕,邓居智,张华,等.矿井瞬变电磁法全空间视电阻率解释方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(3):651-656.YANG Haiyan,DENG Juzhi,ZHANG Hua,et al.Research on full-space apparent resistivity interpretation technique in mine transient electromagnetic method[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(3):651-656.
[13]LI Gang,LI Yuguo.Joint inversion for transmitter navigation and seafloor resistivity for frequency-domain marine CSEM data[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2017,136,178-189.
[14]程久龙,邱浩,叶云涛,等.矿井瞬变电磁法波场变换与数据处理方法研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(9):1646-1650.CHENG Jiulong,QIU Hao,YE Yuntao,et al.Research on wave field transformation and data processing of the mine transient electromagnetic method[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(9):1646-1650.
[15]李文.煤矿采空区地面综合物探方法优化研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):194-199.LI Wen.Optimization study of surface comprehensive geophysical detection methods of coal mine goafs[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):194-199.
[16]路拓,刘盛东,王勃.综合矿井物探技术在含水断层探测中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(3):1371-1375.LU Tuo,LIU Shengdong,WANG Bo,et al.Application of integrated mining geophysical method in detection of water-bearing faults[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(3):1371-1375.
[17]程久龙,李飞,彭苏萍,等.矿井巷道地球物理方法超前探测研究进展与展望[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1742-1750.CHENG Jiulong,LI Fei,PENG Suping,et al.Research progress and development direction on advanced detection in mine roadway working face using geophysical[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1742-1750.
[18]张文伟,真齐辉,底青云.多通道瞬变电磁法频率域比值算法及视电阻率计算研究[J].地球物理学报,2018,61(10):4171-4181.ZHANG Wenwei,ZHEN Qihui,DI Qingyun.Study on MTEM frequency-domain ration method and apparent resistivity calculation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2018,61(10):4171-4181.
[19]王恩营,刘山清,高荣斌,等.基于瞬变电磁法探究中高阶煤层瓦斯含量与视电阻率关系的试验[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(6):149-153.WANG Enying,LIU Shanqing,GAO Rongbin,et al.Transient electromagnetic exploration based experiment on the relationship between the level of gas content and apparent resistivity in high rank coal seam[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2017,45(6):149-153.
[20]余翔,王绪本,李新均,等.时域瞬变电磁法三维有限差分正演技术研究[J].地球物理学报,2017,60(2):810-819.YU Xiang,WANG Xuben,LI Xinjun,et al.Three-dimensional finite difference forward modeling of the transient electromagnetic method in the time domain[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2017,60(2):810-819.
[21]WANG Tao,TAN Handong,LI Zhiqiang,et al.3D finite-difference modeling algorithm and anomaly features of ZTEM[J].Applied Geophysics,2016,13(3):553-560.
[22]姚伟华,王鹏,郭恒,等.煤矿井下瞬变电磁超前探测数值模拟研究[J].物探化探计算技术,2018,40(3):353-357.YAO Weihua,WANG Peng,GUO Heng,et al.Numerical simulation of transient electromagnetic advance detection in coal mine[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2018,40(3):353-357.