山东省井水位对几次大地震同震响应的比较分析
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摘要
采用多井对多震的方式,选取山东省地下流体观测井网中同震响应较好的6口观测井作为研究对象,分别从水位变化形态和幅度对比分析2011年日本M_W9.0地震、2012年苏门答腊M_W8.6地震和2015年尼泊尔M_W7.8地震引起的井水位变化特征,探讨引起该变化的可能机理。研究结果显示:水位同震变化形态以振荡为主;通过定量分析认为聊古一井井水位的阶升是由含水层渗透系数增大所致;位于同一断裂带上的聊古一井和鲁27井井水位在同一地震中所表现的变化形态不同,可能与两个观测井所处的地质构造条件和地震活动背景不同有关;区域应力场的变化会影响栖霞鲁07井的水位同震变化形态;水位同震变化幅度与震级、井震距存在一定关系,同时也取决于含水层水文地质条件的变化量。
In the form of multi-well to multi-earthquake,six wells with good coseismic responses in the underground fluid observation network of Shandong Province are selected to analyze the coseismic variations of water level caused by the Japan M_W9.0 earthquake,the Sumatra M_W8.6 earthquake and the Nepal M_W7.8 earthquake. We analyze the characteristics in the aspects of type and amplitude,and discuss the response mechanism. The results show that the major type of coseismic variations is oscillation. With quantitative analysis,we find that the rise of Liaogu-1 water level is due to the increase of permeability coefficient of aquifer. The different types between Liaogu-1 well and Lu-27 well on the same fault zone are due to the different regional geological conditions and seismic activities. The water level coseismic variation type of Lu-07 well is affected by local tectonic stress. The amplitude of water level coseismic variation is related to the magnitude and the distance between well and epicenter,and also depends on the change of hydrogeological condition.
In the form of multi-well to multi-earthquake,six wells with good coseismic responses in the underground fluid observation network of Shandong Province are selected to analyze the coseismic variations of water level caused by the Japan M_W9.0 earthquake,the Sumatra M_W8.6 earthquake and the Nepal M_W7.8 earthquake. We analyze the characteristics in the aspects of type and amplitude,and discuss the response mechanism. The results show that the major type of coseismic variations is oscillation. With quantitative analysis,we find that the rise of Liaogu-1 water level is due to the increase of permeability coefficient of aquifer. The different types between Liaogu-1 well and Lu-27 well on the same fault zone are due to the different regional geological conditions and seismic activities. The water level coseismic variation type of Lu-07 well is affected by local tectonic stress. The amplitude of water level coseismic variation is related to the magnitude and the distance between well and epicenter,and also depends on the change of hydrogeological condition.
引文
丁风和,戴勇,宋慧英,魏建民,查斯.2015.大甸子井-含水层系统水文地质参数间的变化关系[J].地震地质,37(4):982-990.Ding F H,Dai Y,Song H Y,Wei J M,Cha S.2015.The changing relationship of hydrogeological parameters of Dadianzi wellaquifer system[J].Seismology and Geology,37(4):982-990(in Chinese).
冯恩国,连凯旋,陈其锋,温丽媛,李月强,赵杰锋,刘保华.2016.聊古一井水位同震效应研究[J].高原地震,28(1):19-24.Feng E G,Lian K X,Chen Q F,Wen L Y,Li Y Q,Zhao J F,Liu B H.2016.Study on the coseismic effect of the Liaogu-1well[J].Plateau Earthquake Research,28(1):19-24(in Chinese).
耿杰,陈安方,潘双进.2008.山东地下水动态观测井对2007年印尼8.5级地震的响应特征[J].西北地震学报,30(2):173-178.Geng J,Chen A F,Pan S J.2008.Responding characteristics of dynamic underground water in observation wells of Shandong Province to Indonesia M8.5 earthquake in 2007[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,30(2):173-178(in Chinese).
黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明,简春林,邓志辉.2000.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,20(增刊1):119-125.Huang F Q,Chi G C,Xu G M,Jian C L,Deng Z H.2000.Research on the response anomalies of subsurface fluid in mainland monitoring network to the Nantou earthquake with MS7.6[J].Earthquake,20(S1):119-125(in Chinese).
兰双双,迟宝明,姜纪沂.2011.地下水位对近震和远震异常响应的比较-以汶川地震和苏门答腊地震为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,41(1):145-152.Lan S S,Chi B M,Jiang J Y.2011.Comparison of groundwater-level response to near earthquake and distant earthquake:Taking Wenchuan earthquake and Sumatra earthquake for example[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,41(1):145-152(in Chinese).
李俊超,康波,陈星星,王秋良.2016.丹江口井网流体动态与尼泊尔M8.1地震同震响应分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,36(11):1025-1030.Li J C,Kang B,Chen X X,Wang Q L.2016.Fluid dynamic and seismic response analysis of Nepal M8.1 earthquake with the Danjiangkou well network[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,36(11):1025-1030(in Chinese).
刘成龙,王广才,张卫华,梅建昌.2009.三峡井网井水位对汶川8.0级地震的同震响应特征研究[J].地震学报,31(2):188-194.Liu C L,Wang G C,Zhang W H,Mei J C.2009.Coseismic response of well water level in Three Gorges well-network to MS8.0earthquake in Wenchuan[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,31(2):188-194(in Chinese).
王金维.2013.由井水位的固体潮效应反演含水层参数[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京):34-39.Wang J W.2013.Obtaining Aquifer Parameter by Earth Tidal Effect[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing):34-39(in Chinese).
王学聚,殷海涛,王鹏.2013.山东地下流体数字化井网对汶川8.0级地震的响应分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,34(1/2):225-231.Wang X J,Yin H T,Wang P.2013.Analysis on the responses of Shandong ground fluid digitalized well network to Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,34(1/2):225-231(in Chinese).
向宏发,王学潮,虢顺民,郝书俭,张辉,王基华,李今朝,李如成,李洪武.2000.聊城-兰考隐伏断裂第四纪活动性的综合探测研究[J].地震地质,22(4):351-359.Xiang H F,Wang X C,Guo S M,Hao S J,Zhang H,Wang J H,Li J Z,Li R C,Li H W.2000.Integrated survey and investigation on the quaternary activity of the Liaocheng-Lankao buried fault[J].Seismology and Geology,22(4):351-359(in Chinese).
晏锐,黄辅琼.2009.黄骅井水位对苏门答腊5次地震的同震响应初步研究[J].中国地震,25(3):325-332.Yan R,Huang F Q.2009.Preliminary study on coseismic response of Huanghua well water level to 5 times of the Sumatra earthquakes[J].Earthquake Research in China,25(3):325-332(in Chinese).
杨竹转,邓志辉,高小其,黄辅琼.2010.新疆乌鲁木齐04号井数字化水位同震阶变的研究[J].中国地震,26(3):329-339.Yang Z Z,Deng Z H,Gao X Q,Huang F Q.2010.Study on coseismic drop steps of water level based on the digital observation from Xin-04 well,Urumqi,Xinjiang[J].Earthquake Research in China,26(3):329-339(in Chinese).
杨竹转.2011.地震波引起的井水位水温同震变化及其机理研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所:40-45.Yang Z Z.2011.Coseismic Variations of Well Water Level and Temperature Caused by Earthquake Waves and Their Generating Mechanisms[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration:40-45(in Chinese).
杨竹转,邓志辉,杨贤和,陶京玲.2014.2013年芦山MS7.0地震和2008年汶川MS8.0地震井水位同震变化的比较分析[J].地震地质,36(2):380-391.Yang Z Z,Deng Z H,Yang X H,Tao J L.2014.Comparison and analysis of well water-level variations caused by Lushan MS7.0earthquake in 2013 and Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake in 2008[J].Seismology and Geology,36(2):380-391(in Chinese).
尹宝军,马丽,陈会忠,黄建平,张晁军,王武星.2009.汶川8.0级地震及其强余震引起的唐山井水位同震响应特征分析[J].地震学报,31(2):195-204.Yin B J,Ma L,Chen H Z,Huang J P,Zhang C J,Wang W X.2009.Characteristics of coseismic water level change in Tangshan well induced by MS8.0 wenchuan earthquake and its large aftershocks[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,31(2):195-204(in Chinese).
尹宏伟,梁丽环,韩文英,李凤,刘静.2016.河北省数字水位对尼泊尔MS8.1地震的同震响应特征研究[J].地震工程学报,38(增刊1):73-80.Yin H W,Liang L H,Han W Y,Li F,Liu J.2016.Co-seismic response characteristics of digital water levels in Hebei Province during the 2015 Nepal MS8.1 earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,38(S1):73-80(in Chinese).
鱼金子,车用太,刘成龙,李万明.2012.金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理[J].地震,32(1):59-69.Yu J Z,Che Y T,Liu C L,Li W M.2012.Coseismic responses of water level and temperature in wells of the Jinshajiang groundwater observation network to the Japan MS9.0 earthquake:Characteristics and mechanism[J].Earthquake,32(1):59-69(in Chinese).
Blanchard F B,Byerly P.1935.A study of a well gauge as a seismograph[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,25(4):313-321.
Cooper Jr H H,Bredehoeft J D,Papadopulos I S,Bennett R R.1965.The response of well-aquifer systems to seismic waves[J].J Geophys Res,70(16):3915-3926.
Elkhoury J E,Brodsky E E,Agnew D C.2006.Seismic wave increase permeability[J].Nature,441(9/9):1135-1138.
Huang F Q,Jian C L,Tang Y,Xu G M,Deng Z H,Chi G C.2004.Response changes of some wells in the mainland subsurface fluid monitoring network of China,due to the September 21,1999,MS7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Tectonophysics,390(1/4):217-234.
Huang F Q,Chen Y,Ji P,Ren K X,Gao F W,Zhang L K.2015.Co-seismic changes of well water level and volume strain meter in capital area and its vicinity,due to the Nov.14,2001 MS8.1 Kunlun mountain earthquake,China[J].Geodesy and Geodynamics,6(6):460-466.
冯恩国,连凯旋,陈其锋,温丽媛,李月强,赵杰锋,刘保华.2016.聊古一井水位同震效应研究[J].高原地震,28(1):19-24.Feng E G,Lian K X,Chen Q F,Wen L Y,Li Y Q,Zhao J F,Liu B H.2016.Study on the coseismic effect of the Liaogu-1well[J].Plateau Earthquake Research,28(1):19-24(in Chinese).
耿杰,陈安方,潘双进.2008.山东地下水动态观测井对2007年印尼8.5级地震的响应特征[J].西北地震学报,30(2):173-178.Geng J,Chen A F,Pan S J.2008.Responding characteristics of dynamic underground water in observation wells of Shandong Province to Indonesia M8.5 earthquake in 2007[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,30(2):173-178(in Chinese).
黄辅琼,迟恭财,徐桂明,简春林,邓志辉.2000.大陆地下流体对台湾南投7.6级地震的响应研究[J].地震,20(增刊1):119-125.Huang F Q,Chi G C,Xu G M,Jian C L,Deng Z H.2000.Research on the response anomalies of subsurface fluid in mainland monitoring network to the Nantou earthquake with MS7.6[J].Earthquake,20(S1):119-125(in Chinese).
兰双双,迟宝明,姜纪沂.2011.地下水位对近震和远震异常响应的比较-以汶川地震和苏门答腊地震为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,41(1):145-152.Lan S S,Chi B M,Jiang J Y.2011.Comparison of groundwater-level response to near earthquake and distant earthquake:Taking Wenchuan earthquake and Sumatra earthquake for example[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,41(1):145-152(in Chinese).
李俊超,康波,陈星星,王秋良.2016.丹江口井网流体动态与尼泊尔M8.1地震同震响应分析[J].大地测量与地球动力学,36(11):1025-1030.Li J C,Kang B,Chen X X,Wang Q L.2016.Fluid dynamic and seismic response analysis of Nepal M8.1 earthquake with the Danjiangkou well network[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,36(11):1025-1030(in Chinese).
刘成龙,王广才,张卫华,梅建昌.2009.三峡井网井水位对汶川8.0级地震的同震响应特征研究[J].地震学报,31(2):188-194.Liu C L,Wang G C,Zhang W H,Mei J C.2009.Coseismic response of well water level in Three Gorges well-network to MS8.0earthquake in Wenchuan[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,31(2):188-194(in Chinese).
王金维.2013.由井水位的固体潮效应反演含水层参数[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京):34-39.Wang J W.2013.Obtaining Aquifer Parameter by Earth Tidal Effect[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing):34-39(in Chinese).
王学聚,殷海涛,王鹏.2013.山东地下流体数字化井网对汶川8.0级地震的响应分析[J].地震地磁观测与研究,34(1/2):225-231.Wang X J,Yin H T,Wang P.2013.Analysis on the responses of Shandong ground fluid digitalized well network to Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,34(1/2):225-231(in Chinese).
向宏发,王学潮,虢顺民,郝书俭,张辉,王基华,李今朝,李如成,李洪武.2000.聊城-兰考隐伏断裂第四纪活动性的综合探测研究[J].地震地质,22(4):351-359.Xiang H F,Wang X C,Guo S M,Hao S J,Zhang H,Wang J H,Li J Z,Li R C,Li H W.2000.Integrated survey and investigation on the quaternary activity of the Liaocheng-Lankao buried fault[J].Seismology and Geology,22(4):351-359(in Chinese).
晏锐,黄辅琼.2009.黄骅井水位对苏门答腊5次地震的同震响应初步研究[J].中国地震,25(3):325-332.Yan R,Huang F Q.2009.Preliminary study on coseismic response of Huanghua well water level to 5 times of the Sumatra earthquakes[J].Earthquake Research in China,25(3):325-332(in Chinese).
杨竹转,邓志辉,高小其,黄辅琼.2010.新疆乌鲁木齐04号井数字化水位同震阶变的研究[J].中国地震,26(3):329-339.Yang Z Z,Deng Z H,Gao X Q,Huang F Q.2010.Study on coseismic drop steps of water level based on the digital observation from Xin-04 well,Urumqi,Xinjiang[J].Earthquake Research in China,26(3):329-339(in Chinese).
杨竹转.2011.地震波引起的井水位水温同震变化及其机理研究[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所:40-45.Yang Z Z.2011.Coseismic Variations of Well Water Level and Temperature Caused by Earthquake Waves and Their Generating Mechanisms[D].Beijing:Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration:40-45(in Chinese).
杨竹转,邓志辉,杨贤和,陶京玲.2014.2013年芦山MS7.0地震和2008年汶川MS8.0地震井水位同震变化的比较分析[J].地震地质,36(2):380-391.Yang Z Z,Deng Z H,Yang X H,Tao J L.2014.Comparison and analysis of well water-level variations caused by Lushan MS7.0earthquake in 2013 and Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake in 2008[J].Seismology and Geology,36(2):380-391(in Chinese).
尹宝军,马丽,陈会忠,黄建平,张晁军,王武星.2009.汶川8.0级地震及其强余震引起的唐山井水位同震响应特征分析[J].地震学报,31(2):195-204.Yin B J,Ma L,Chen H Z,Huang J P,Zhang C J,Wang W X.2009.Characteristics of coseismic water level change in Tangshan well induced by MS8.0 wenchuan earthquake and its large aftershocks[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,31(2):195-204(in Chinese).
尹宏伟,梁丽环,韩文英,李凤,刘静.2016.河北省数字水位对尼泊尔MS8.1地震的同震响应特征研究[J].地震工程学报,38(增刊1):73-80.Yin H W,Liang L H,Han W Y,Li F,Liu J.2016.Co-seismic response characteristics of digital water levels in Hebei Province during the 2015 Nepal MS8.1 earthquake[J].China Earthquake Engineering Journal,38(S1):73-80(in Chinese).
鱼金子,车用太,刘成龙,李万明.2012.金沙江水网对日本9.0级地震的同震响应及其特征与机理[J].地震,32(1):59-69.Yu J Z,Che Y T,Liu C L,Li W M.2012.Coseismic responses of water level and temperature in wells of the Jinshajiang groundwater observation network to the Japan MS9.0 earthquake:Characteristics and mechanism[J].Earthquake,32(1):59-69(in Chinese).
Blanchard F B,Byerly P.1935.A study of a well gauge as a seismograph[J].Bull Seismol Soc Am,25(4):313-321.
Cooper Jr H H,Bredehoeft J D,Papadopulos I S,Bennett R R.1965.The response of well-aquifer systems to seismic waves[J].J Geophys Res,70(16):3915-3926.
Elkhoury J E,Brodsky E E,Agnew D C.2006.Seismic wave increase permeability[J].Nature,441(9/9):1135-1138.
Huang F Q,Jian C L,Tang Y,Xu G M,Deng Z H,Chi G C.2004.Response changes of some wells in the mainland subsurface fluid monitoring network of China,due to the September 21,1999,MS7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake[J].Tectonophysics,390(1/4):217-234.
Huang F Q,Chen Y,Ji P,Ren K X,Gao F W,Zhang L K.2015.Co-seismic changes of well water level and volume strain meter in capital area and its vicinity,due to the Nov.14,2001 MS8.1 Kunlun mountain earthquake,China[J].Geodesy and Geodynamics,6(6):460-466.