扎龙自然保护区丹顶鹤巢址景观连接度评价
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摘要
景观连接度度量了物种在斑块之间的运动不受阻碍的连通性,对生境质量和破碎化研究有重要意义。本文基于2004年和2013年扎龙自然保护区遥感影像的解译分类,采用基于图论法的面积权重指数(AWF)划定巢址景观连接度等级,然后对不同景观连接度区域的景观格局特征指数进行分析。结果显示:2004年高景观连接度的丹顶鹤生境斑块面积为522.16 km~2,而2013年高景观连接度斑块下降为432.82 km~2,高景观连接度斑块集中分布于核心区内部;2013年高景观连接度斑块的平均斑块周长面积比明显高于其他斑块,其斑块形状趋于复杂化。研究表明10 a间扎龙湿地丹顶鹤生境斑块出现景观连接度降低、破碎化程度增加的趋势,连通性下降影响了丹顶鹤对繁殖期生境的空间利用度。
Landscape connectivity measures the connection degree maintaining species movement between patches, which is an important aspect of habitat quality and fragmentation research.Based on our interpretation and classification of remote sensing images dated 2004 and 2013 of Zhalong National Nature Reserve, we quantified the landscape connectivity of red-crowned crane nest site habitat by area-weighted flux( AWF) from graph theory. We also analyzed the landscape pattern feature index of different landscape connectivity areas. The area with high landscape connectivity was 522. 16 km~2 in 2004 and 432. 82 km~2 in 2013, and high landscape connectivity patches were concentrated in the core area. The average patch circumference-area ratio of the high landscape connectivity area was obviously higher than for other areas, meaning that the patch shape tended to be more complicated in areas of high connectivity. We conclude that the landscape connectivity for red-crowned crane at Zhalong wetland declined while the degree of fragmentation increased over the past decade. Also, the decrease of connectivity affected habitat utilization of red-crowned cranes during breeding season.
Landscape connectivity measures the connection degree maintaining species movement between patches, which is an important aspect of habitat quality and fragmentation research.Based on our interpretation and classification of remote sensing images dated 2004 and 2013 of Zhalong National Nature Reserve, we quantified the landscape connectivity of red-crowned crane nest site habitat by area-weighted flux( AWF) from graph theory. We also analyzed the landscape pattern feature index of different landscape connectivity areas. The area with high landscape connectivity was 522. 16 km~2 in 2004 and 432. 82 km~2 in 2013, and high landscape connectivity patches were concentrated in the core area. The average patch circumference-area ratio of the high landscape connectivity area was obviously higher than for other areas, meaning that the patch shape tended to be more complicated in areas of high connectivity. We conclude that the landscape connectivity for red-crowned crane at Zhalong wetland declined while the degree of fragmentation increased over the past decade. Also, the decrease of connectivity affected habitat utilization of red-crowned cranes during breeding season.
引文
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[24]陈春娣,贾振毅,吴胜军,等.基于文献计量法的中国景观连接度应用研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3243-3255.
[25]陈利顶,刘雪华,傅伯杰.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境破碎化研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):291-297.
[26]李雯雯,李丽,吴巩胜,等.评估不同尺度下农牧地对滇金丝猴景观连接度的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(24):8136-8144.
[27]朱丽娟,刘红玉.挠力河流域丹顶鹤繁殖期生境景观连接度分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2008,24(2):12-16,83.
[28]秦喜文,张树清,李晓峰,等.扎龙国家级自然保护区丹顶鹤巢址的空间分布格局分析[J].湿地科学,2009,7(2):106-111.
[29]Urban D,Keitt T.Landscape connectivity:a graph-theoretic perspective[J].Ecology,2001,82(5):1205-1218.
[30]Moilanen A,Nieminen M.Simple connectivity measures in spatial ecology[J].Ecology,2002,83(4):1131-1145.
[31]Minor E S,Urban D L.Graph theory as a proxy for spatially explicit population models in conservation planning[J].Ecological Applications,2007,17(6):1771-1782.
[32]刘世梁,杨珏婕,安晨,等.基于景观连接度的土地整理生态效应评价[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(3):689-695.
[33]陈杰,梁国付,丁圣彦.基于景观连接度的森林景观恢复研究---以巩义市为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3773-3781.
[34]李方满,李佩.丹顶鹤与白枕鹤的领域比较[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(6):33-37.
[35]刘振生,吴建平,李晓民,等.扎龙自然保护区丹顶鹤繁殖期的个体行为[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(6):92-95.
[36]王志强,傅建春,全斌,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤繁殖生境质量变化[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2871-2875.
[37]秦喜文,张树清,李晓峰,等.基于证据权重法的丹顶鹤栖息地适宜性评价[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1074-1082.
[38]李枫,杨红军,张洪海,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤巢址选择研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1999,27(6):57-60.
[39]Wu Qingming,Zou Hongfei.Nest-site selection pattern of Grus japonensis in Zhalong Nature Reserve of northeast China[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2011,22(2):281-288.
[40]李浩,袁力,龚文峰,等.基于GIS和CA-Markov模型的扎龙湿地景观变化研究[J].野生动物学报,2015,36(3):288-294.
[41]张莹,雷国平,林佳,等.扎龙自然保护区不同空间尺度景观格局时空变化及其生态风险[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(5):1250-1256.
[42]周利军,张雪萍.扎龙国家级自然保护区景观格局变化研究[J].湿地科学,2010,8(1):74-78.
[43]孙丽梅,刘金侠,刘淑红,等.地理国情监测湿地地表覆盖变化研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(6):21-22,25.
[44]吴学伟,张新利,龚文峰,等.基于3S技术的湿地生态景观格局动态变化的研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2009,32(2):9-12.
[2]陈利顶,傅伯杰.景观连接度的生态学意义及其应用[J].生态学杂志,1996,15(4):37-42.
[3]吴昌广,周志翔,王鹏程,等.景观连接度的概念、度量及其应用[J].生态学报,2010,30(7):1903-1910.
[4]Baguette M,Van Dyck H.Landscape connectivity and animal behavior:functional grain as a key determinant for dispersal[J].Landscape Ecology,2007,22(8):1117-1129.
[5]Minor E S,Urban D L.A graph-theory framework for evaluating landscape connectivity and conservation planning[J].Conservation Biology,2008,22(2):297-307.
[6]Laita A,Kotiaho J S,M9nkk9nen M.Graph-theoretic connectivity measures:what do they tell us about connectivity?[J].Landscape Ecology,2011,26(7):951-967.
[7]欧维新,袁薇锦.基于景观连接度的盐城滨海湿地丹顶鹤生境斑块重要性评价[J].资源科学,2015,37(4):823-831.
[8]张宇,李丽,吴巩胜,等.基于生境斑块的滇金丝猴景观连接度分析[J].生态学报,2016,36(1):51-58.
[9]龚文峰,袁力,范文义.基于RS和GIS扎龙湿地景观时空演变研究[J].水土保持研究,2010,17(1):107-112.
[10]沃晓棠,孙彦坤,田松岩.扎龙湿地景观格局与气候变化[J].东北林业大学学报,2014,42(3):55-59,72.
[11]刘敏,厉悦,杨晓杰,等.近54a扎龙自然保护区景观斑块面积变化特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2010,26(4):313-317.
[12]张玉红,苏立英,于万辉,等.扎龙湿地景观动态变化特征[J].地理学报,2015,70(1):131-142.
[13]刘敏,厉悦,杨晓杰,等.扎龙自然保护区景观格局变化及其驱动机制[J].西北林学院学报,2010,25(5):157-162.
[14]陈莹.扎龙自然保护区湿地格局动态变化研究[J].首都师范大学学报:自然科学版,2014,35(5):79-83.
[15]张艳红,何春光.基于GIS扎龙自然保护区丹顶鹤适宜生境动态变化[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(4):43-45.
[16]李明阳,张称意,吴军,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤繁殖生境变化驱动因素分析[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(6):76-80.
[17]袁力,龚文峰,于成龙.基于RS和GIS的扎龙湿地丹顶鹤生境时空的格局演变[J].东北林业大学学报,2009,37(8):34-38.
[18]王文锋,高忠燕,李长友,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤种群数量调查及保护[J].野生动物,2011,32(2):80-82,89.
[19]Pascual-Hortal L,Saura S.Comparison and development of new graph-based landscape connectivity indices:towards the priorization of habitat patches and corridors for conservation[J].Landscape E-cology,2006,21(7):959-967.
[20]Clergeau P,Burel F.The role of spatio-temporal patch connectivity at the landscape level:an example in a bird distribution[J].Landscape and Urban Planning,1997,38(1/2):37-43.
[21]王志强,陈志超,郝成元.基于HSI模型的扎龙国家级自然保护区丹顶鹤繁殖生境适宜性评价[J].湿地科学,2009,7(3):197-201.
[22]Decout S,Manel S,Miaud C,et al.Integrative approach for landscape-based graph connectivity analysis:a case study with the common frog(Rana temporaria)in human-dominated landscapes[J].Landscape Ecology,2012,27(2):267-279.
[23]Bergerot B,Tournant P,Moussus J P,et al.Coupling inter-patch movement models and landscape graph to assess functional connectivity[J].Population Ecology,2013,55(1):193-203.
[24]陈春娣,贾振毅,吴胜军,等.基于文献计量法的中国景观连接度应用研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3243-3255.
[25]陈利顶,刘雪华,傅伯杰.卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生境破碎化研究[J].生态学报,1999,19(3):291-297.
[26]李雯雯,李丽,吴巩胜,等.评估不同尺度下农牧地对滇金丝猴景观连接度的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(24):8136-8144.
[27]朱丽娟,刘红玉.挠力河流域丹顶鹤繁殖期生境景观连接度分析[J].生态与农村环境学报,2008,24(2):12-16,83.
[28]秦喜文,张树清,李晓峰,等.扎龙国家级自然保护区丹顶鹤巢址的空间分布格局分析[J].湿地科学,2009,7(2):106-111.
[29]Urban D,Keitt T.Landscape connectivity:a graph-theoretic perspective[J].Ecology,2001,82(5):1205-1218.
[30]Moilanen A,Nieminen M.Simple connectivity measures in spatial ecology[J].Ecology,2002,83(4):1131-1145.
[31]Minor E S,Urban D L.Graph theory as a proxy for spatially explicit population models in conservation planning[J].Ecological Applications,2007,17(6):1771-1782.
[32]刘世梁,杨珏婕,安晨,等.基于景观连接度的土地整理生态效应评价[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(3):689-695.
[33]陈杰,梁国付,丁圣彦.基于景观连接度的森林景观恢复研究---以巩义市为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(12):3773-3781.
[34]李方满,李佩.丹顶鹤与白枕鹤的领域比较[J].生态学杂志,1999,18(6):33-37.
[35]刘振生,吴建平,李晓民,等.扎龙自然保护区丹顶鹤繁殖期的个体行为[J].东北林业大学学报,2001,29(6):92-95.
[36]王志强,傅建春,全斌,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤繁殖生境质量变化[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(11):2871-2875.
[37]秦喜文,张树清,李晓峰,等.基于证据权重法的丹顶鹤栖息地适宜性评价[J].生态学报,2009,29(3):1074-1082.
[38]李枫,杨红军,张洪海,等.扎龙湿地丹顶鹤巢址选择研究[J].东北林业大学学报,1999,27(6):57-60.
[39]Wu Qingming,Zou Hongfei.Nest-site selection pattern of Grus japonensis in Zhalong Nature Reserve of northeast China[J].Journal of Forestry Research,2011,22(2):281-288.
[40]李浩,袁力,龚文峰,等.基于GIS和CA-Markov模型的扎龙湿地景观变化研究[J].野生动物学报,2015,36(3):288-294.
[41]张莹,雷国平,林佳,等.扎龙自然保护区不同空间尺度景观格局时空变化及其生态风险[J].生态学杂志,2012,31(5):1250-1256.
[42]周利军,张雪萍.扎龙国家级自然保护区景观格局变化研究[J].湿地科学,2010,8(1):74-78.
[43]孙丽梅,刘金侠,刘淑红,等.地理国情监测湿地地表覆盖变化研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2014,37(6):21-22,25.
[44]吴学伟,张新利,龚文峰,等.基于3S技术的湿地生态景观格局动态变化的研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2009,32(2):9-12.
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