2013—2017年连云港市水痘流行与水痘疫苗接种情况分析
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摘要
目的了解连云港市水痘流行病学特征及水痘疫苗的接种情况。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对2013—2017年连云港市报告水痘病例及水痘疫苗接种情况进行分析。结果 2013—2017年连云港市共报告水痘病例6 149例,年均发病率为27.70/10万;发病呈双峰分布,12月略高,6月略低;发病年龄以<15岁儿童为主,占总病例数的76.55%,男性年均发病率显著高于女性(χ2=17.41,P<0.05);水痘疫苗于每年3月左右会出现接种高峰。结论该地区水痘发病率高于全省平均水平,水痘发病率与疫苗接种剂次呈负相关关系,建议尽快将水痘疫苗纳入国家免疫规划范围内,保护易感人群。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination status of varicella in Lianyungang City. Methods A retrospective epidemiological method was used to analyzethe varicella epidemiological characteristics of reported cases and vaccination status in Lianyungang City,from 2013 to 2017. Results There were 6 149 reported cases of varicella from 2013 to 2017, and the average annual incidence rate was 27.70/105. The incidence had double peak distribution, and it was slightly higher in December and slightly lower in June. The highest incidence was found in the age group of < 15 years(76.55%).The average annual incidence rate in the males was significantly higher than that in the females(χ2=17.41, P < 0.05). The peak of varicella vaccination was in March around the year. Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Lianyungang City is higher than the average level in Jiangsu Province. The incidence of varicella is negatively related to the number of vaccinations. Therefore, we recommend that varicella vaccine should be included in the national immunization plan as soon as possible to protect vulnerable populations.
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and vaccination status of varicella in Lianyungang City. Methods A retrospective epidemiological method was used to analyzethe varicella epidemiological characteristics of reported cases and vaccination status in Lianyungang City,from 2013 to 2017. Results There were 6 149 reported cases of varicella from 2013 to 2017, and the average annual incidence rate was 27.70/105. The incidence had double peak distribution, and it was slightly higher in December and slightly lower in June. The highest incidence was found in the age group of < 15 years(76.55%).The average annual incidence rate in the males was significantly higher than that in the females(χ2=17.41, P < 0.05). The peak of varicella vaccination was in March around the year. Conclusion The incidence of varicella in Lianyungang City is higher than the average level in Jiangsu Province. The incidence of varicella is negatively related to the number of vaccinations. Therefore, we recommend that varicella vaccine should be included in the national immunization plan as soon as possible to protect vulnerable populations.
引文
[1]杨丹丹,祖荣强,武强.江苏省2011-2015年突发公共卫生事件流行病学特征[J].江苏预防医学,2016,27(5):555-557.
[2]许青,徐爱强.我国水痘流行病学分析与水痘疫苗免疫预防研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2012,21(10):1093-1098.
[3]吴昊澄,林君芬,何凡,等.浙江省2005-2012年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(9):1114-1116.
[4]刁连东,翟如芳.疫苗应用与安全问答[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2017:402.
[5]江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会.省卫生计生委办公室关于加强水痘监测与报告工作的通知[Z].南京:江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会,2017.
[6]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等.2006-2015年江苏省水痘流行病学分析[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(3):306-307.
[7]徐佳薇,王青,匡珊珊,等.2007-2013年重庆市水痘流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(5):339-342.
[8]尹志英,来时明,钟建跃,等.2006-2014年浙江省衢州市水痘疫情流行特征及水痘疫苗免疫效果分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(4):308-313.
[9]韩一楠,杨月,王旭阳.大连市2003-2016年水痘病例流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2017,24(6):393-397.
[10]唐文钊,丘文清,朱秀兰,等.惠州市2011-2015年水痘疫情流行特征与疫苗接种情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(1):102-104.
[11]李小铭,王戈,江珊,等.绵竹市2007-2016年水痘流行病学特征分析及GM(1,1)季节指数模型的预测应用[J].成都医学院学报,2017,12(6):747-750.
[12]北京市疾病预防控制中心.北京市水痘疫苗使用技术指南[J].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(1):67-69.
[13] Gao Z,Gidding HF,Wood JG,et al.Modelling the impact of one dose VS. two?dose vaccination regimens on the epidemiology of varicella zoster virus in Australia[J].EpidemiolInfect,2010,138(4):457-468.
[14] Siedler A,Dettmann M,Tolksdorf K,et al.Laboratory investiga?tions of vaccinated patients with varicella[J].Vaccine,2015,33(16):1968-1973.
[15]王秀云,朱宗龙,王涛,等.2012-2016年北京市昌平区水痘病例流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):113-117.
[2]许青,徐爱强.我国水痘流行病学分析与水痘疫苗免疫预防研究进展[J].中国新药杂志,2012,21(10):1093-1098.
[3]吴昊澄,林君芬,何凡,等.浙江省2005-2012年学校突发公共卫生事件流行病学分析[J].中国学校卫生,2013,34(9):1114-1116.
[4]刁连东,翟如芳.疫苗应用与安全问答[M].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2017:402.
[5]江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会.省卫生计生委办公室关于加强水痘监测与报告工作的通知[Z].南京:江苏省卫生和计划生育委员会,2017.
[6]孙翔,刘元宝,许燕,等.2006-2015年江苏省水痘流行病学分析[J].江苏预防医学,2017,28(3):306-307.
[7]徐佳薇,王青,匡珊珊,等.2007-2013年重庆市水痘流行特征分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2015,31(5):339-342.
[8]尹志英,来时明,钟建跃,等.2006-2014年浙江省衢州市水痘疫情流行特征及水痘疫苗免疫效果分析[J].疾病监测,2016,31(4):308-313.
[9]韩一楠,杨月,王旭阳.大连市2003-2016年水痘病例流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2017,24(6):393-397.
[10]唐文钊,丘文清,朱秀兰,等.惠州市2011-2015年水痘疫情流行特征与疫苗接种情况分析[J].实用预防医学,2018,25(1):102-104.
[11]李小铭,王戈,江珊,等.绵竹市2007-2016年水痘流行病学特征分析及GM(1,1)季节指数模型的预测应用[J].成都医学院学报,2017,12(6):747-750.
[12]北京市疾病预防控制中心.北京市水痘疫苗使用技术指南[J].中华预防医学杂志,2013,47(1):67-69.
[13] Gao Z,Gidding HF,Wood JG,et al.Modelling the impact of one dose VS. two?dose vaccination regimens on the epidemiology of varicella zoster virus in Australia[J].EpidemiolInfect,2010,138(4):457-468.
[14] Siedler A,Dettmann M,Tolksdorf K,et al.Laboratory investiga?tions of vaccinated patients with varicella[J].Vaccine,2015,33(16):1968-1973.
[15]王秀云,朱宗龙,王涛,等.2012-2016年北京市昌平区水痘病例流行病学特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2018,25(2):113-117.