国家助学贷款中的过度需求及其影响因素研究——基于江苏省8所高校的实证分析
|
摘要
贫困大学生对国家助学贷款的需求逐年增加,助学贷款的审批人数与审批金额呈逐年上升趋势。随着各类奖助学金等资助力度的增大,国家助学贷款中超越缴纳学费和住宿费约束而用于其他支出的部分构成了贫困大学生对助学贷款的过度需求。基于需求理论,选择江苏省8所高校1 946个贫困大学生为样本进行实证研究,结果显示:贫困大学生获得奖助学金与兼职收入的数量、对国家助学贷款的偏好、对工作后预期收入与支出估计的准确程度、对助学贷款违约后果的清楚程度、乡镇(街道)民政部门出具的贫困证明的可得性、性别及生源地区均对国家助学贷款中的过度需求有显著影响。为此,需要更新助学贷款工作理念,实施申贷者重要收入备案制度,开展助学贷款经济理性教育,以减少助学贷款中的过度需求。
Due to the increasing of demand to student loans,both the approved amount of student loans and the number of students who have been granted student loans are increasing year by year. With the increase of all kinds of scholarships and other subsidies, the part of the student loan that is not used to pay tuition fees and accommodation expenses for other expenses by impoverished undergraduates constitutes the excessive demand of student loans. Based on thedemandtheory,this paper chooses 1,946 impoverished undergraduates from 8 universities in Jiangsu Province as the empirical study. The results show that the number of students receiving scholarship and part-time income,the preference for national student loans,the accuracy of the estimation of the expected income and expenditure after graduation, the clearness of the consequences of student loan defaults,the availability of possessing poverty certificates issued by the township(street)civil affairs departments,the gender and the regions of origin all have a significant impact on the excess demand of the national student loans.Therefore,it is necessary to update the working philosophy of student loans, implement important income filing system of student loans applicants and carry out student loan education on economic rationality to reduce the excessive demand of student loans.
Due to the increasing of demand to student loans,both the approved amount of student loans and the number of students who have been granted student loans are increasing year by year. With the increase of all kinds of scholarships and other subsidies, the part of the student loan that is not used to pay tuition fees and accommodation expenses for other expenses by impoverished undergraduates constitutes the excessive demand of student loans. Based on thedemandtheory,this paper chooses 1,946 impoverished undergraduates from 8 universities in Jiangsu Province as the empirical study. The results show that the number of students receiving scholarship and part-time income,the preference for national student loans,the accuracy of the estimation of the expected income and expenditure after graduation, the clearness of the consequences of student loan defaults,the availability of possessing poverty certificates issued by the township(street)civil affairs departments,the gender and the regions of origin all have a significant impact on the excess demand of the national student loans.Therefore,it is necessary to update the working philosophy of student loans, implement important income filing system of student loans applicants and carry out student loan education on economic rationality to reduce the excessive demand of student loans.
引文
[1]王飞,韩贵秋.国家助学贷款,经济困难大学生的曙光——大连市6所高校贷学金情况的调查分析[J].教育与经济,2000(3):34-37.
[2]吕士伟.供给约束与制度重构:国家助学贷款案例分析[J].金融研究,2004(3):136-142.
[3]臧兴兵,沈红.供求视角下的生源地助学贷款[J].教育发展研究,2011(9):35-39.
[4]Chapman B and Liu A.Repayment burdens of student loans for Vietnamese higher education[J].Economics of Education Reviews,2013(12):298-308.
[5]郑萍.贫困生资助体系视角下的大学生欠费问题研究——基于广东某学院的个案研究[J].教育与经济,2009(4):28-32.
[6]沈红,季俊杰.新经济形势下学生贷款供求矛盾解决方略[J].高等教育研究,2009(2):36-41.
[7]Walsemann K et al.Sick of our loans:Students borrowing and the mental health of young adults in the United States[J].Social Science&Medicine,2015(124):85-93.
[8]Erdogdu F and Erdogdu E.The impact of access to ICT,student background and school/home environment on academic success of students in Turkey:An international comparative analysis[J].Computers&Education,2015(82):26-49.
[9]褚保堂.学生贷款中的“逆向选择”与制度创新[J].教育与经济,1998(1):48-51.
[10]黄绪江,王文岫.窗口指导与产品创新:助学贷款的两个视角[J].金融研究,2002(11):125-130.
[11]李文利.国家助学贷款的理论探讨和实证分析[J].教育与经济,2004(2):43-46.
[12]焦旭,孙宇.促进教育公平提高国家助学贷款落实效率[J].中国高等教育,2015(10):38-40.
[13]Li W.Family background,financial constraints and higher education attendance in China[J].Economics of Education Review,2007(26):725-735.
[14]赵振宇,刘秉印.高校助学贷款运行模式比较分析及违约风险防范的顶层设计[J].上海金融,2014(12):110-112.
[15]于基伯,刘传哲.基于演化博弈的助学贷款违约风险管理策略——高校与银行的行为视角[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2015(6):595-599.
[16]甘宇.错位与链接:高校贫困生资助资源的配置及其减贫效果[J].教育与经济,2014(5):54-60.
[17]曼昆.经济学原理(上册)(第三版)[M].梁小民,译.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:57-61.
[18]王定祥,田庆刚,李伶俐,等.贫困型农户信贷需求与信贷行为实证研究[J].金融研究,2011(5):124-138.
[19]吴斌珍,李宏彬,孟岭生,等.大学生贫困及奖助学金的政策效果[J].金融研究,2011(12):47-61.
[20]余鸣娇,谌青.90后大学生对国家助学贷款政策认知与行为的研究[J].高教探索,2015(7):39-41.
[21]刘望,曹思敏.国家助学贷款学生申请意愿的影响因素实证研究[J].湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(7):68-71.
[22]许长青.国家助学贷款金融生态体系创新研究[J].江苏高教,2014(6):65-69.
[23]边燕杰,肖阳.农村大学生的职业生涯机遇——基于全国综合社会调查的实证分析[J].西安交通大学学报(社会科学版),2015(1):1-7.
[24]蔡颖.高校贫困生与非贫困生起薪差异的实证研究[J].高教探索,2017(4):113-119.
[25]潘煜,高丽,张星等.中国文化背景下的消费者价值观研究——量表开发与比较[J].管理世界,2014(4):90-106.
[26]肖巧玲.福建生源地助学贷款学生违约风险控制研究——基于计划行为理论的视角[J].福建论坛(人文社会科学版),2015(7):167-171.
[27]沈红.国家助学贷款:政策与实践中的既成矛盾[J].北京大学教育评论,2004(1):7-9.
[28]Richardson S.Over-investment of free cash flow[J].Review of accounting studies,2006(11):159-189.
[29]窦欢,张会丽,陆正飞.企业集团、大股东监督与过度投资[J].管理世界,2014(7):134-143.
(1)数据来源:课题组根据人民网(2015年12月9日)报道材料整理。
[2]吕士伟.供给约束与制度重构:国家助学贷款案例分析[J].金融研究,2004(3):136-142.
[3]臧兴兵,沈红.供求视角下的生源地助学贷款[J].教育发展研究,2011(9):35-39.
[4]Chapman B and Liu A.Repayment burdens of student loans for Vietnamese higher education[J].Economics of Education Reviews,2013(12):298-308.
[5]郑萍.贫困生资助体系视角下的大学生欠费问题研究——基于广东某学院的个案研究[J].教育与经济,2009(4):28-32.
[6]沈红,季俊杰.新经济形势下学生贷款供求矛盾解决方略[J].高等教育研究,2009(2):36-41.
[7]Walsemann K et al.Sick of our loans:Students borrowing and the mental health of young adults in the United States[J].Social Science&Medicine,2015(124):85-93.
[8]Erdogdu F and Erdogdu E.The impact of access to ICT,student background and school/home environment on academic success of students in Turkey:An international comparative analysis[J].Computers&Education,2015(82):26-49.
[9]褚保堂.学生贷款中的“逆向选择”与制度创新[J].教育与经济,1998(1):48-51.
[10]黄绪江,王文岫.窗口指导与产品创新:助学贷款的两个视角[J].金融研究,2002(11):125-130.
[11]李文利.国家助学贷款的理论探讨和实证分析[J].教育与经济,2004(2):43-46.
[12]焦旭,孙宇.促进教育公平提高国家助学贷款落实效率[J].中国高等教育,2015(10):38-40.
[13]Li W.Family background,financial constraints and higher education attendance in China[J].Economics of Education Review,2007(26):725-735.
[14]赵振宇,刘秉印.高校助学贷款运行模式比较分析及违约风险防范的顶层设计[J].上海金融,2014(12):110-112.
[15]于基伯,刘传哲.基于演化博弈的助学贷款违约风险管理策略——高校与银行的行为视角[J].东北大学学报(社会科学版),2015(6):595-599.
[16]甘宇.错位与链接:高校贫困生资助资源的配置及其减贫效果[J].教育与经济,2014(5):54-60.
[17]曼昆.经济学原理(上册)(第三版)[M].梁小民,译.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:57-61.
[18]王定祥,田庆刚,李伶俐,等.贫困型农户信贷需求与信贷行为实证研究[J].金融研究,2011(5):124-138.
[19]吴斌珍,李宏彬,孟岭生,等.大学生贫困及奖助学金的政策效果[J].金融研究,2011(12):47-61.
[20]余鸣娇,谌青.90后大学生对国家助学贷款政策认知与行为的研究[J].高教探索,2015(7):39-41.
[21]刘望,曹思敏.国家助学贷款学生申请意愿的影响因素实证研究[J].湘潭大学学报(哲学社会科学版),2013(7):68-71.
[22]许长青.国家助学贷款金融生态体系创新研究[J].江苏高教,2014(6):65-69.
[23]边燕杰,肖阳.农村大学生的职业生涯机遇——基于全国综合社会调查的实证分析[J].西安交通大学学报(社会科学版),2015(1):1-7.
[24]蔡颖.高校贫困生与非贫困生起薪差异的实证研究[J].高教探索,2017(4):113-119.
[25]潘煜,高丽,张星等.中国文化背景下的消费者价值观研究——量表开发与比较[J].管理世界,2014(4):90-106.
[26]肖巧玲.福建生源地助学贷款学生违约风险控制研究——基于计划行为理论的视角[J].福建论坛(人文社会科学版),2015(7):167-171.
[27]沈红.国家助学贷款:政策与实践中的既成矛盾[J].北京大学教育评论,2004(1):7-9.
[28]Richardson S.Over-investment of free cash flow[J].Review of accounting studies,2006(11):159-189.
[29]窦欢,张会丽,陆正飞.企业集团、大股东监督与过度投资[J].管理世界,2014(7):134-143.
(1)数据来源:课题组根据人民网(2015年12月9日)报道材料整理。