居民休闲消费不平等研究——以北京市为例
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摘要
休闲消费蕴含休闲时间消费和休闲消费支出。本文以北京市为例,探讨居民休闲消费不平等问题。研究发现,休闲时间消费和休闲消费支出不平等现象日趋显著。本文通过K-means均值聚类刻画了休闲时间消费差异。构建回归模型发现,休闲时间和收入是影响休闲消费支出的主要因素,随着年份的推移,休闲时间逐渐成为影响"有钱无闲"群体休闲消费支出的主要因素,收入的拉动作用逐渐弱化。对于"有闲无钱"群体,虽然增加该群体收入能有效提高其休闲消费水平,但收入与年份交叉项并不显著。
Leisure consumption includes leisure time consumption and leisure consumption expenditure.Take Beijing as an example to discuss the inequality of residents' leisure consumption.Leisure time consumption and leisure consumption expenditure inequality become more and more significant.K-means clustering is used to characterize the difference in leisure time consumption.Leisure time and income are the main factors affecting leisure consumption expenditure.With the passage of the year, leisure time has gradually become the main factor affecting the leisure consumption expenditure of high educated groups, and the pulling effect of income has gradually weakened.Although increasing the income of low-educated group effectively improves the level of leisure consumption, the intersection of income and year is not significant.
Leisure consumption includes leisure time consumption and leisure consumption expenditure.Take Beijing as an example to discuss the inequality of residents' leisure consumption.Leisure time consumption and leisure consumption expenditure inequality become more and more significant.K-means clustering is used to characterize the difference in leisure time consumption.Leisure time and income are the main factors affecting leisure consumption expenditure.With the passage of the year, leisure time has gradually become the main factor affecting the leisure consumption expenditure of high educated groups, and the pulling effect of income has gradually weakened.Although increasing the income of low-educated group effectively improves the level of leisure consumption, the intersection of income and year is not significant.
引文
郭鲁芳,2004:《休闲消费经济分析》,《数量经济技术经济研究》第4期。
郭鲁芳,2006:《时间约束与休闲消费》,《数量经济技术经济研究》第2期。
卿前龙、吴必虎,2009:《闲暇时间约束下的休闲消费及其增长——兼论休闲消费对经济增长的重要性》,《杭州师范大学学报》第5期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2017:《北京市居民休闲时间不平等研究》,《北京社会科学》第9期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2018a:《北京市居民旅游消费影响因素研究》,《北京社会科学》第8期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2018b:《收入、休闲时间对休闲消费的影响研究》,《旅游学刊》第10期。
魏翔,2009:《闲暇经济到了——自由与快乐的经济要义》,天津:南开大学出版社。
杨勇,2007:《我国城镇居民休闲消费行为的地区差异性分析——基于1995—2005年省级面板数据的检验》,《商业经济与管理》第11期。
张莉,2002:《关于我国城市居民休闲消费的调查分析》,《经济纵横》第11期。
张旭昆、徐俊,2001:《消费的闲暇时间约束模型与假日经济现象》,《经济评论》第5期。
Aguiar,M.,and E.Hurst,2007,“Measuring Trends in Leisure:The Allocation of Time over Five Decades”,Quarterly Journal of Economics,122(2):969-1006.
Dardis,R.,H.Soberon-Ferrer,and D.Patro,1994,“Analysis of Leisure Expenditures in the United States”,Journal of Leisure Research,26(4):194-200.
Fourastié,J.,1965,Les 40000 Heures,Paris:Laffont.
Keynes,J.M.,1930,Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren,New York:Norton.
Thompson,C.S.,and A.W.Tinsley,1978,“Income Expenditure Elasticities for Recreation:Their Estimation and Relation to Demand for Recreation”,Journal of Leisure Research,10(4):265-270.
郭鲁芳,2006:《时间约束与休闲消费》,《数量经济技术经济研究》第2期。
卿前龙、吴必虎,2009:《闲暇时间约束下的休闲消费及其增长——兼论休闲消费对经济增长的重要性》,《杭州师范大学学报》第5期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2017:《北京市居民休闲时间不平等研究》,《北京社会科学》第9期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2018a:《北京市居民旅游消费影响因素研究》,《北京社会科学》第8期。
王琪延、韦佳佳,2018b:《收入、休闲时间对休闲消费的影响研究》,《旅游学刊》第10期。
魏翔,2009:《闲暇经济到了——自由与快乐的经济要义》,天津:南开大学出版社。
杨勇,2007:《我国城镇居民休闲消费行为的地区差异性分析——基于1995—2005年省级面板数据的检验》,《商业经济与管理》第11期。
张莉,2002:《关于我国城市居民休闲消费的调查分析》,《经济纵横》第11期。
张旭昆、徐俊,2001:《消费的闲暇时间约束模型与假日经济现象》,《经济评论》第5期。
Aguiar,M.,and E.Hurst,2007,“Measuring Trends in Leisure:The Allocation of Time over Five Decades”,Quarterly Journal of Economics,122(2):969-1006.
Dardis,R.,H.Soberon-Ferrer,and D.Patro,1994,“Analysis of Leisure Expenditures in the United States”,Journal of Leisure Research,26(4):194-200.
Fourastié,J.,1965,Les 40000 Heures,Paris:Laffont.
Keynes,J.M.,1930,Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren,New York:Norton.
Thompson,C.S.,and A.W.Tinsley,1978,“Income Expenditure Elasticities for Recreation:Their Estimation and Relation to Demand for Recreation”,Journal of Leisure Research,10(4):265-270.