奇静脉的临床应用解剖
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摘要
目的观测奇静脉的解剖学结构,丰富奇静脉临床应用形态学数据。方法解剖30具经福尔马林固定的尸体标本,观测奇静脉的起始、走行、外形、属支、管径、与胸导管位置关系。结果奇静脉的位置与走行可分为三种类型。奇静脉主干长度与管径值:长度(18.45±2.95)cm,起端管径(0.46±0.12)cm,中段管径为(0.90±0.20)cm,末端管径为(1.24±0.30)cm。中段凸向前正中线左侧16例,占53.33%,凸出度均值0.53 cm。半奇静脉与副半奇静脉、奇静脉与胸导管的位置关系等较为复杂。结论奇静脉起始部位、长度、管径、位置走行差异较大,整体走行与属支存在多种类型,与胸导管的位置关系多变,临床上应予以充分注意。
Objective To observe the anatomical structure of azygos vein and enrich morphology data of azygos vein with morphologic support.Methods Observe the concerned structures and relationship and statisticaly analysize the data of 30 teaching cadavers fixed with formalin.Results The Azygos vein can be classified into three types according its position and course.The average length of azygos vein was(18.45 ±2.95) cm.The average diameter at the origin was(0.46 ±0.12) cm,at the middle part was(0.90 ±0.20) cm,and at the terminal part was(1.24 ± 0.30) cm.The average distance from median plane to left side was 0.53 cm in 16 cases(53.33%).The position and relationship between the hemiazygos vein and the accessory hemiazygos vein,the azygos vein and the thoracic duct were complicated.Conclusion Because the location and structure of the azygos vein are complicated,the clinical operation should be given high attenion.
Objective To observe the anatomical structure of azygos vein and enrich morphology data of azygos vein with morphologic support.Methods Observe the concerned structures and relationship and statisticaly analysize the data of 30 teaching cadavers fixed with formalin.Results The Azygos vein can be classified into three types according its position and course.The average length of azygos vein was(18.45 ±2.95) cm.The average diameter at the origin was(0.46 ±0.12) cm,at the middle part was(0.90 ±0.20) cm,and at the terminal part was(1.24 ± 0.30) cm.The average distance from median plane to left side was 0.53 cm in 16 cases(53.33%).The position and relationship between the hemiazygos vein and the accessory hemiazygos vein,the azygos vein and the thoracic duct were complicated.Conclusion Because the location and structure of the azygos vein are complicated,the clinical operation should be given high attenion.
引文
[1]柏树令.系统解剖学[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2004.
[2]康健.系统解剖学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[3]丁兆习,毕玉顺,吴琦.奇静脉的应用解剖学观察[J].四川解剖学杂志,1998,6(1):23-25.
[4]杜颋,史二栓,侯慧英.奇静脉系的应用解剖[J].解剖学杂志,1996,19(3):280.
[5]张大训.奇静脉系统的解剖学观察[J].安徽医科大学学报,1989,24(3):165-168.
[6]张开华,唐建华,阎伟伟,等.CT观察奇静脉的临床应用[J].临床放射学杂志,2004,23(7):577-580.
[7]Krakowiak-Sarnowska E,Wisniewski M,Szpinda M,et al.Variability ofthe azygos vein system in human foetuses[J].Folia Morphol(Warsz),2003,62(4):427-430.
[8]潘力,马廉亭,余泽,等.腰静脉、腰升静脉及奇静脉系的应用解剖学研究[J].中国临床神经外科杂志,2007,12(11):660-661.
[9]杨春林,徐世杰,贺业春,等.胸导管的类型[J].解剖学报,1981,12(4):360-366.
[10]赵亚春,司晋善.胸导管、奇静脉共同结扎预防食管癌术后乳糜胸的体会[J].基层医学论坛,2003,7(7):640.
[11]张安庆,董正,刘正光,等.胸导管结扎预防食管癌术后乳糜胸[J].中华胸心血管外科杂志,1995,11(3):167.
[12]Dougenis D,Walker WS,Cameron EW,et al.Management of chylotho-rax complicating extensive esophageal resection[J].Surg Gynecol Ob-stet,1992,174(6):501-506.
[2]康健.系统解剖学[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[3]丁兆习,毕玉顺,吴琦.奇静脉的应用解剖学观察[J].四川解剖学杂志,1998,6(1):23-25.
[4]杜颋,史二栓,侯慧英.奇静脉系的应用解剖[J].解剖学杂志,1996,19(3):280.
[5]张大训.奇静脉系统的解剖学观察[J].安徽医科大学学报,1989,24(3):165-168.
[6]张开华,唐建华,阎伟伟,等.CT观察奇静脉的临床应用[J].临床放射学杂志,2004,23(7):577-580.
[7]Krakowiak-Sarnowska E,Wisniewski M,Szpinda M,et al.Variability ofthe azygos vein system in human foetuses[J].Folia Morphol(Warsz),2003,62(4):427-430.
[8]潘力,马廉亭,余泽,等.腰静脉、腰升静脉及奇静脉系的应用解剖学研究[J].中国临床神经外科杂志,2007,12(11):660-661.
[9]杨春林,徐世杰,贺业春,等.胸导管的类型[J].解剖学报,1981,12(4):360-366.
[10]赵亚春,司晋善.胸导管、奇静脉共同结扎预防食管癌术后乳糜胸的体会[J].基层医学论坛,2003,7(7):640.
[11]张安庆,董正,刘正光,等.胸导管结扎预防食管癌术后乳糜胸[J].中华胸心血管外科杂志,1995,11(3):167.
[12]Dougenis D,Walker WS,Cameron EW,et al.Management of chylotho-rax complicating extensive esophageal resection[J].Surg Gynecol Ob-stet,1992,174(6):501-506.