网络亲子沟通与青少年抑郁的关系:线上社会资本的中介作用及其年龄差异
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摘要
采用问卷法对武汉市两所中学549名青少年早期和中期的中学生进行调查,探讨网络亲子沟通对青少年抑郁的影响,同时考察线上社会资本在二者之间的中介作用,以及该中介效应的前半路径是否受年龄的调节。结果表明:(1)在控制性别、年龄和线下亲子沟通的条件下,网络亲子沟通负向预测青少年抑郁;(2)线上社会资本在网络亲子沟通与青少年抑郁之间起完全中介作用;(3)线上社会资本的中介作用受到青少年年龄的调节,相比青少年早期阶段,该中介作用在青少年中期阶段更显著。这些结果对于综合解释网络亲子沟通对青少年抑郁的作用路径与机制具有重要意义。
A sample of 549 adolescents was investigated with questionnaires to examine the effect of online parentadolescent communication on depression,and explore the mediating effect of online social capital as well as the moderating effect of age. Results revealed that:( 1) After controlling for age,gender and offline parent-adolescent communication,online parent-adolescent communication significantly negatively predicted adolescents' depression.( 2) online social capital fully mediated the relationship between online parent-adolescent communication and adolescents' depression.( 3) the mediating effect of online social capital was positively moderated by age. Compared to early adolescents,the mediating effect was more profound in middle adolescents. These findings contribute to a comprehensive interpretation of the effect of online parent-adolescent communication on adolescents' depression and its mechanism.
A sample of 549 adolescents was investigated with questionnaires to examine the effect of online parentadolescent communication on depression,and explore the mediating effect of online social capital as well as the moderating effect of age. Results revealed that:( 1) After controlling for age,gender and offline parent-adolescent communication,online parent-adolescent communication significantly negatively predicted adolescents' depression.( 2) online social capital fully mediated the relationship between online parent-adolescent communication and adolescents' depression.( 3) the mediating effect of online social capital was positively moderated by age. Compared to early adolescents,the mediating effect was more profound in middle adolescents. These findings contribute to a comprehensive interpretation of the effect of online parent-adolescent communication on adolescents' depression and its mechanism.
引文
Ahn,J.(2012).Teenagers’experiences with social network sites:Relationships to bridging and bonding social capital.The Information Society,28(2),99-109.
Aiken,L.S.,&West,S.G.(1991).Multiple regression:Testing and interpreting interactions.Newbury Park:Sage.
Appel,H.,Gerlach,A.L.,&Crusius,J.(2016).The interplay between Facebook use,social comparison,envy,and depression.Current Opinion in Psychology,9,44-49.
Banjanin,N.,Banjanin,N.,Dimitrijevic,I.,&Pantic,I.(2015).Relationship between internet use and depression:Focus on physiological mood oscillations,social networking and online addictive behavior.Computers in Human Behavior,43,308-312.
Best,P.,Manktelow,R.,&Taylor,B.(2014).Online communication,social media and adolescent well-being:A systematic narrative review.Children&Youth Services Review,41(1),27-36.
Bullguard Internet Security.(2011).More than half of parents snoop on their children’s online activity.Retrieved November 11,from http://www.bullguard.com/news/latest-press-releases/press-release-archive/2011-07-12.aspx
Burke,M.(2012).How families interact on Facebook.Retrieved November 11,from http://www.Face book.com/notes/facebook-datascience/how-familiesinteract-on-facebook/10151208188528859?utm_source=Labnotes+Newsletter&utm_campaign=b12bf56f38-Labnotes&utm_medium=email
Cheung,C.M.,Chiu,P.Y.,&Lee,M.K.(2011).Online social networks:Why do students use Facebook?Computers in Human Behavior,27(4),1337-1343.
Collins,W.A.,&Steinberg,L.(2007).Adolescent Development in Interpersonal Context.Handbook of Child Psychology.John Wiley&Sons,Inc.
Coyne,S.M.,Padilla-Walker,L.M.,Day,R.D.,Harper,J.,&Stockdale,L.(2014).A friend request from dear old dad:Associations between parent-child social networking and adolescent outcomes.Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking,17(1),8-13.
De Goede,I.H.A.D.,Branje,S.J.T.,&Meeus,W.H.J.(2009).Developmental changes in adolescents’perceptions of relationships with their parents.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,38(1),75-88.
Epstein,N.B.,Bishop,D.S.,&Levin,S.(1978).The Mc Master model of family functioning.Journal of Marital and Family therapy,4(4),19-31.
Ellison,N.B.,Steinfield,C.,&Lampe,C.(2007).The benefits of Facebook“friends”:Social capital and college students’use of online social network sites.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,12(4),1143-1168.
Eurostat(2016).Being young in Europe today-digital world.Retrieved November 11,from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php/Being_young_in_Europe_today_-_digital_world
Feng,Y.,&Xie,W.(2014).Teens’concern for privacy when using social networking sites:An analysis of socialization agents and relationships with privacy-protecting behaviors.Computers in Human Behavior,33,153-162.
Fox,J.,Moreland,J.J.,Fox,J.,&Moreland,J.J.(2015).The dark side of social networking sites:An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances.Computers in Human Behavior,45,168-176.
Frison,E.,&Eggermont,S.(2016).Exploring the relationships between different types of Facebook use,perceived online social support,and adolescents’depressed mood.Social Science Computer Review,34(2),153-171.
Galvin,K.M.,Dickson,F.C.,&Marrow,S.R.(2006).Systems theory:Patterns and(w)holes in family communication.In Engaging theories in family communication:Multiple perspectives.SAGE Publications Inc.
Goossens,L.(2013).Affinity for aloneness in adolescence and preference for solitude in childhood.The Handbook of Solitude:Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation,Social Withdrawal,and Being A-lone.John Wiley&Sons.
Hayes,A.F.(2012).PROCESS:A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation,moderation,and conditional process modeling[White paper].URL:http://imaging.mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk/statswiki/FAQ/SobelTest.
Hofer,M.,&Aubert,V.(2013).Perceived bridging and bonding social capital on Twitter:Differentiating between followers and followees.Computers in Human Behavior,29(6),2134-2142.
Johnson,G.,&Puplampu,K.(2008).A conceptual framework for understanding the effect of the Internet on child development:The ecological techno-subsystem.Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology,34,19-28.
Klein M.(2012).Teens,parents face off over Facebook.Retrived August December 17,from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/news/story/2012-01-22/facebook-parents-teens/52743092/1.
Ko,H.,&Kuo,F.(2009).Can blogging enhance subjective well-being through self-disclosure?CyberPsychology&Behavior,12(1),75-79.
Lamm,E.M.,&Brubaker,T.H.(2008).Family Communication:Cohesion and Change 7 book paperback(limp).Asian Journal of Chemistry,21(5),3817-3824.
Lee,E.,Kim,Y.J.,&Ahn,J.(2014).How do people use Facebook features to manage social capital?Computers in Human Behavior,36(2),440-445.
Liu,D.,&Brown,B.B.(2014).Self-disclosure on social networking sites,positive feedback,and social capital among Chinese college students.Computers in Human Behavior,38(3),213-219.
Muscanell,N.L.,&Guadagno,R.E.(2012).Make new friends or keep the old:Gender and personality differences in social networking use.Computers in Human Behavior,28(1),107-112.
Neves,B.B.,&Fonseca,J.R.S.(2015).Latent Class Models in action:Bridging social capital&Internet usage.Social Science Research,50(2),15-30.
Noller,P.,&Callan,V.J.(1990).Adolescents'perceptions of the nature of their communication with parents.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,19(4),349-362.
Padilla-Walker,L.M.,Coyne,S.M.,&Fraser,A.M.(2012).Getting a high-Speed family connection:Associations between family media use and family connection.Family Relations,61(3),426-440.
Podsakoff,P.M.,Mac Kenzie,S.B.,Lee,J.Y.,&Podsakoff,N.P.(2003).Common method biases in behavioral research:A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies.Journal of applied psychology,88(5),879-903.
Putnam,R.D.(2000).Bowling Alone:The Collapse and Revival of American Community.Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,20(4),788-790.
Radloff,L.S.(1977).The CES-D scale:A self-report depression scale for research in the general population.Applied psychological measurement,1(3),385-401.
Ramirez Jr,A.,&Zhang,S.(2007).When online meets offline:The effect of modality switching on relational communication.Communication Monographs,74(3),287-310.
Selfhout,M.H.,Branje,S.J.,Delsing,M.,ter Bogt,T.F.,&Meeus,W.H.(2009).Different types of Internet use,depression,and social anxiety:The role of perceived friendship quality.Journal of adolescence,32(4),819-833.
Smetana,J.G.,Campionebarr,N.,&Metzger,A.(2006).Adolescent development in interpersonal and societal contexts.Annual Review of Psychology,57(1),255-284.
Subrahmanyam,K.,Reich,S.M.,Waechter,N.,&Espinoza,G.(2008).Online and offline social networks:Use of social networking sites by emerging adults.Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology,29(6),420-433.
Valkenburg,P.M.,&Peter,J.(2007).Online communication and adolescent well-being:Testing the stimulation versus the displacement hypothesis.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,12(4),1169-1182.
Valkenburg,P.M.,Peter,J.,&Walther,J.B.(2015).Media effects:theory and research.Annual Review of Psychology,67(1),315-338.
Van den Eijnden,R.J.,Meerkerk,G.J.,Vermulst,A.A.,Spijkerman,R.,&Engels,R.C.(2008).Online communication,compulsive Internet use,and psychosocial well-being among adolescents:A longitudinal study.Developmental psychology,44(3),655-665.
Wang,J.L.,Jackson,L.A.,Gaskin,J.,&Wang,H.Z.(2014).The effects of Social Networking Site(SNS)use on college students’friendship and well-being.Computers in Human Behavior,37,229-236.
Xie,W.(2014).Social network site use,mobile personal talk and social capital among teenagers.Computers in Human Behavior,41(1),228-235.
Yu,S.,Clemens,R.,Yang,H.,Li,X.,Stanton,B.,&Deveaux,L.,et al.(2006).Youth and parental perceptions of parental monitoring and parent-adolescent communication,youth depression,and youth risk behaviors.Social Behavior&Personality:An International Journal,34(10),1297-1310.
方晓义,戴丽琼,房超,邓林园.(2006).亲子沟通问题与青少年社会适应的关系.心理发展与教育,22(3),47-52.
方晓义,徐洁,孙莉,张锦涛.(2004).家庭功能:理论、影响因素及其与青少年社会适应的关系.心理科学进展,12(4),544-553.
葛红宁,周宗奎,牛更枫,陈武.(2016).社交网站使用能带来社会资本吗.心理科学进展,24(3),454-463.
郭海英,朱婉灵,朱倩,朱茂玲,左培颖,林丹华.(2014).亲子沟通与农村青少年幸福感的关系:基本心理需要满足的中介作用.心理发展与教育,30(2),129-136.
连帅磊,孙晓军,牛更枫,周宗奎.(2017).社交网站中的上行社会比较与抑郁的关系:一个有调节的中介模型及性别差异.心理学报,49(7),941-952.
牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,孔繁昌,田媛.(2016).基于QQ空间的社交网站使用对青少年抑郁的影响:上行社会比较和自尊的序列中介作用.心理学报,48(10),1282-1291.
沈赟.(2014).父母的媒介互动行为与亲子沟通研究.科技传播,19,13-15.
温忠麟,叶宝娟.(2014).有调节的中介模型检验方法:竞争还是替补?心理学报,46(5),714-726.
闫景蕾,武俐,孙萌,崔娟,梁清.(2016).社交网站使用对抑郁的影响:线上社会资本的中介作用.中国临床心理学杂志,24(2),317-320.
杨晓辉,王腊梅,朱莉琪.(2014).电子媒体的使用与儿童发展---基于生态科技微系统理论的视角.心理科学,37(4),920-924.
谢笑春,雷雳,牛更枫.(2016).青少年网络自我表露与抑郁:社会支持的性别效应.心理科学,39(5),1144-1150.
熊红星,张璟,叶宝娟,郑雪,孙配贞.(2012).共同方法变异的影响及其统计控制途径的模型分析.心理科学进展,20(5),757-769.
杨晓辉,王腊梅,朱莉琪.(2014).电子媒体的使用与儿童发展---基于生态科技微系统理论的视角.心理科学,37(4),920-924.
杨秀娟,周宗奎,孙晓军,刘庆奇,连帅磊.(2017).社交网站积极自我呈现与青少年抑郁:链式中介效应分析.中国临床心理学杂志,25(3),489-493.
中国互联网络信息中心.(2018).《第41次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》.来自http://wemedia.ifeng.com/47416260/wemedia.shtml
周浩,龙立荣.(2004).共同方法偏差的统计检验与控制方法.心理科学进展,12(6),942-950.
周宗奎,连帅磊,田媛,牛更枫,孙晓军.(2017).社交网站使用与青少年生活满意度的关系:一个有调节的中介模型.心理发展与教育,33(3),297-305.
Aiken,L.S.,&West,S.G.(1991).Multiple regression:Testing and interpreting interactions.Newbury Park:Sage.
Appel,H.,Gerlach,A.L.,&Crusius,J.(2016).The interplay between Facebook use,social comparison,envy,and depression.Current Opinion in Psychology,9,44-49.
Banjanin,N.,Banjanin,N.,Dimitrijevic,I.,&Pantic,I.(2015).Relationship between internet use and depression:Focus on physiological mood oscillations,social networking and online addictive behavior.Computers in Human Behavior,43,308-312.
Best,P.,Manktelow,R.,&Taylor,B.(2014).Online communication,social media and adolescent well-being:A systematic narrative review.Children&Youth Services Review,41(1),27-36.
Bullguard Internet Security.(2011).More than half of parents snoop on their children’s online activity.Retrieved November 11,from http://www.bullguard.com/news/latest-press-releases/press-release-archive/2011-07-12.aspx
Burke,M.(2012).How families interact on Facebook.Retrieved November 11,from http://www.Face book.com/notes/facebook-datascience/how-familiesinteract-on-facebook/10151208188528859?utm_source=Labnotes+Newsletter&utm_campaign=b12bf56f38-Labnotes&utm_medium=email
Cheung,C.M.,Chiu,P.Y.,&Lee,M.K.(2011).Online social networks:Why do students use Facebook?Computers in Human Behavior,27(4),1337-1343.
Collins,W.A.,&Steinberg,L.(2007).Adolescent Development in Interpersonal Context.Handbook of Child Psychology.John Wiley&Sons,Inc.
Coyne,S.M.,Padilla-Walker,L.M.,Day,R.D.,Harper,J.,&Stockdale,L.(2014).A friend request from dear old dad:Associations between parent-child social networking and adolescent outcomes.Cyberpsychology Behavior&Social Networking,17(1),8-13.
De Goede,I.H.A.D.,Branje,S.J.T.,&Meeus,W.H.J.(2009).Developmental changes in adolescents’perceptions of relationships with their parents.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,38(1),75-88.
Epstein,N.B.,Bishop,D.S.,&Levin,S.(1978).The Mc Master model of family functioning.Journal of Marital and Family therapy,4(4),19-31.
Ellison,N.B.,Steinfield,C.,&Lampe,C.(2007).The benefits of Facebook“friends”:Social capital and college students’use of online social network sites.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,12(4),1143-1168.
Eurostat(2016).Being young in Europe today-digital world.Retrieved November 11,from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php/Being_young_in_Europe_today_-_digital_world
Feng,Y.,&Xie,W.(2014).Teens’concern for privacy when using social networking sites:An analysis of socialization agents and relationships with privacy-protecting behaviors.Computers in Human Behavior,33,153-162.
Fox,J.,Moreland,J.J.,Fox,J.,&Moreland,J.J.(2015).The dark side of social networking sites:An exploration of the relational and psychological stressors associated with Facebook use and affordances.Computers in Human Behavior,45,168-176.
Frison,E.,&Eggermont,S.(2016).Exploring the relationships between different types of Facebook use,perceived online social support,and adolescents’depressed mood.Social Science Computer Review,34(2),153-171.
Galvin,K.M.,Dickson,F.C.,&Marrow,S.R.(2006).Systems theory:Patterns and(w)holes in family communication.In Engaging theories in family communication:Multiple perspectives.SAGE Publications Inc.
Goossens,L.(2013).Affinity for aloneness in adolescence and preference for solitude in childhood.The Handbook of Solitude:Psychological Perspectives on Social Isolation,Social Withdrawal,and Being A-lone.John Wiley&Sons.
Hayes,A.F.(2012).PROCESS:A versatile computational tool for observed variable mediation,moderation,and conditional process modeling[White paper].URL:http://imaging.mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk/statswiki/FAQ/SobelTest.
Hofer,M.,&Aubert,V.(2013).Perceived bridging and bonding social capital on Twitter:Differentiating between followers and followees.Computers in Human Behavior,29(6),2134-2142.
Johnson,G.,&Puplampu,K.(2008).A conceptual framework for understanding the effect of the Internet on child development:The ecological techno-subsystem.Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology,34,19-28.
Klein M.(2012).Teens,parents face off over Facebook.Retrived August December 17,from http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/news/story/2012-01-22/facebook-parents-teens/52743092/1.
Ko,H.,&Kuo,F.(2009).Can blogging enhance subjective well-being through self-disclosure?CyberPsychology&Behavior,12(1),75-79.
Lamm,E.M.,&Brubaker,T.H.(2008).Family Communication:Cohesion and Change 7 book paperback(limp).Asian Journal of Chemistry,21(5),3817-3824.
Lee,E.,Kim,Y.J.,&Ahn,J.(2014).How do people use Facebook features to manage social capital?Computers in Human Behavior,36(2),440-445.
Liu,D.,&Brown,B.B.(2014).Self-disclosure on social networking sites,positive feedback,and social capital among Chinese college students.Computers in Human Behavior,38(3),213-219.
Muscanell,N.L.,&Guadagno,R.E.(2012).Make new friends or keep the old:Gender and personality differences in social networking use.Computers in Human Behavior,28(1),107-112.
Neves,B.B.,&Fonseca,J.R.S.(2015).Latent Class Models in action:Bridging social capital&Internet usage.Social Science Research,50(2),15-30.
Noller,P.,&Callan,V.J.(1990).Adolescents'perceptions of the nature of their communication with parents.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,19(4),349-362.
Padilla-Walker,L.M.,Coyne,S.M.,&Fraser,A.M.(2012).Getting a high-Speed family connection:Associations between family media use and family connection.Family Relations,61(3),426-440.
Podsakoff,P.M.,Mac Kenzie,S.B.,Lee,J.Y.,&Podsakoff,N.P.(2003).Common method biases in behavioral research:A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies.Journal of applied psychology,88(5),879-903.
Putnam,R.D.(2000).Bowling Alone:The Collapse and Revival of American Community.Journal of Policy Analysis and Management,20(4),788-790.
Radloff,L.S.(1977).The CES-D scale:A self-report depression scale for research in the general population.Applied psychological measurement,1(3),385-401.
Ramirez Jr,A.,&Zhang,S.(2007).When online meets offline:The effect of modality switching on relational communication.Communication Monographs,74(3),287-310.
Selfhout,M.H.,Branje,S.J.,Delsing,M.,ter Bogt,T.F.,&Meeus,W.H.(2009).Different types of Internet use,depression,and social anxiety:The role of perceived friendship quality.Journal of adolescence,32(4),819-833.
Smetana,J.G.,Campionebarr,N.,&Metzger,A.(2006).Adolescent development in interpersonal and societal contexts.Annual Review of Psychology,57(1),255-284.
Subrahmanyam,K.,Reich,S.M.,Waechter,N.,&Espinoza,G.(2008).Online and offline social networks:Use of social networking sites by emerging adults.Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology,29(6),420-433.
Valkenburg,P.M.,&Peter,J.(2007).Online communication and adolescent well-being:Testing the stimulation versus the displacement hypothesis.Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication,12(4),1169-1182.
Valkenburg,P.M.,Peter,J.,&Walther,J.B.(2015).Media effects:theory and research.Annual Review of Psychology,67(1),315-338.
Van den Eijnden,R.J.,Meerkerk,G.J.,Vermulst,A.A.,Spijkerman,R.,&Engels,R.C.(2008).Online communication,compulsive Internet use,and psychosocial well-being among adolescents:A longitudinal study.Developmental psychology,44(3),655-665.
Wang,J.L.,Jackson,L.A.,Gaskin,J.,&Wang,H.Z.(2014).The effects of Social Networking Site(SNS)use on college students’friendship and well-being.Computers in Human Behavior,37,229-236.
Xie,W.(2014).Social network site use,mobile personal talk and social capital among teenagers.Computers in Human Behavior,41(1),228-235.
Yu,S.,Clemens,R.,Yang,H.,Li,X.,Stanton,B.,&Deveaux,L.,et al.(2006).Youth and parental perceptions of parental monitoring and parent-adolescent communication,youth depression,and youth risk behaviors.Social Behavior&Personality:An International Journal,34(10),1297-1310.
方晓义,戴丽琼,房超,邓林园.(2006).亲子沟通问题与青少年社会适应的关系.心理发展与教育,22(3),47-52.
方晓义,徐洁,孙莉,张锦涛.(2004).家庭功能:理论、影响因素及其与青少年社会适应的关系.心理科学进展,12(4),544-553.
葛红宁,周宗奎,牛更枫,陈武.(2016).社交网站使用能带来社会资本吗.心理科学进展,24(3),454-463.
郭海英,朱婉灵,朱倩,朱茂玲,左培颖,林丹华.(2014).亲子沟通与农村青少年幸福感的关系:基本心理需要满足的中介作用.心理发展与教育,30(2),129-136.
连帅磊,孙晓军,牛更枫,周宗奎.(2017).社交网站中的上行社会比较与抑郁的关系:一个有调节的中介模型及性别差异.心理学报,49(7),941-952.
牛更枫,孙晓军,周宗奎,孔繁昌,田媛.(2016).基于QQ空间的社交网站使用对青少年抑郁的影响:上行社会比较和自尊的序列中介作用.心理学报,48(10),1282-1291.
沈赟.(2014).父母的媒介互动行为与亲子沟通研究.科技传播,19,13-15.
温忠麟,叶宝娟.(2014).有调节的中介模型检验方法:竞争还是替补?心理学报,46(5),714-726.
闫景蕾,武俐,孙萌,崔娟,梁清.(2016).社交网站使用对抑郁的影响:线上社会资本的中介作用.中国临床心理学杂志,24(2),317-320.
杨晓辉,王腊梅,朱莉琪.(2014).电子媒体的使用与儿童发展---基于生态科技微系统理论的视角.心理科学,37(4),920-924.
谢笑春,雷雳,牛更枫.(2016).青少年网络自我表露与抑郁:社会支持的性别效应.心理科学,39(5),1144-1150.
熊红星,张璟,叶宝娟,郑雪,孙配贞.(2012).共同方法变异的影响及其统计控制途径的模型分析.心理科学进展,20(5),757-769.
杨晓辉,王腊梅,朱莉琪.(2014).电子媒体的使用与儿童发展---基于生态科技微系统理论的视角.心理科学,37(4),920-924.
杨秀娟,周宗奎,孙晓军,刘庆奇,连帅磊.(2017).社交网站积极自我呈现与青少年抑郁:链式中介效应分析.中国临床心理学杂志,25(3),489-493.
中国互联网络信息中心.(2018).《第41次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》.来自http://wemedia.ifeng.com/47416260/wemedia.shtml
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