丛枝菌根真菌与膨润土对蚕豆生长和重金属累积的影响
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摘要
丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)和膨润土都能影响植物的生长和对重金属的吸收.以铅锌矿周边污染农田土为供试土壤,开展室内盆栽试验,研究接种AMF、施膨润土的单独和复合处理对蚕豆生长和重金属累积的影响.结果表明,接种AMF、施膨润土、AMF+膨润土复合处理都增加蚕豆叶片光合色素含量、株高和生物量,降低土壤有效态重金属含量,减少植株地上部和地下部重金属含量,但增加蚕豆地上部重金属的累积量. AMF+膨润土复合处理下,蚕豆叶片光合色素(叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素)含量和植株生物量最大,土壤有效态重金属含量和植株重金属含量最低.双因素方差分析表明,接种AMF、施膨润土对土壤重金属有效态含量、蚕豆生长(叶片光合色素含量、株高、生物量)、植株重金属含量与累积量存在显著或极显著的影响,但接种AMF与施膨润土处理间没有显著的交互作用.本研究表明重金属胁迫下,接种AMF和施膨润土单独处理都能促进蚕豆生长和降低植株重金属含量,但复合处理没有叠加效应;结果可为重金属污染土壤的生态修复提供理论和实践依据.
Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and bentonite can affect the growth of plants, as well as their absorption of heavy metals. This study aimed to determine the individual and combined effects of treatments with AMF inoculation and bentonite addition on the growth and heavy metal accumulation of the faba bean. A pot experiment was conducted using heavy-metal polluted soils collected from around a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan Province, China. The individual and combined treatments with AMF inoculation and/or bentonite addition increased the photosynthetic pigment content in leaves, as well as the height and biomass of faba bean plants. These treatments also decreased the available heavy metal content in the soil and in the aboveground and underground parts of the plants, although they increased the heavy metal accumulation in the aboveground part of the plants. The highest content of photosynthetic pigments(chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids) in the leaves and the maximum biomass of the faba bean and minimum content of available heavy metals in the soil and in the plants were observed in the combined treatment with both AMF inoculation and bentonite addition. According to twoway ANOVA results, both the AMF and bentonite had significant effects on the content of available heavy metals, growth(photosynthetic pigment content, plant height, and biomass), and heavy metal content and accumulation in the faba bean. However, there was no significant interaction between the AMF and bentonite treatments. These results indicated that both the AMF and bentonite enhanced the growth and decreased the heavy metal content of the faba bean, but no synergistic effect of these treatments was observed in the combined treatment. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the ecological remediation of heavy metal-polluted soils.
Both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) and bentonite can affect the growth of plants, as well as their absorption of heavy metals. This study aimed to determine the individual and combined effects of treatments with AMF inoculation and bentonite addition on the growth and heavy metal accumulation of the faba bean. A pot experiment was conducted using heavy-metal polluted soils collected from around a lead-zinc mine in Yunnan Province, China. The individual and combined treatments with AMF inoculation and/or bentonite addition increased the photosynthetic pigment content in leaves, as well as the height and biomass of faba bean plants. These treatments also decreased the available heavy metal content in the soil and in the aboveground and underground parts of the plants, although they increased the heavy metal accumulation in the aboveground part of the plants. The highest content of photosynthetic pigments(chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids) in the leaves and the maximum biomass of the faba bean and minimum content of available heavy metals in the soil and in the plants were observed in the combined treatment with both AMF inoculation and bentonite addition. According to twoway ANOVA results, both the AMF and bentonite had significant effects on the content of available heavy metals, growth(photosynthetic pigment content, plant height, and biomass), and heavy metal content and accumulation in the faba bean. However, there was no significant interaction between the AMF and bentonite treatments. These results indicated that both the AMF and bentonite enhanced the growth and decreased the heavy metal content of the faba bean, but no synergistic effect of these treatments was observed in the combined treatment. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the ecological remediation of heavy metal-polluted soils.
引文
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24 Yang Y,Han X,Liang Y,Ghosh A,Chen J,Tang M.The combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and lead(Pb)stress on Pb accumulation,plant growth parameters,photosynthesis,and antioxidant enzymes in Robinia pseudoacacia L.[J].PLoS ONE,2015,10(12):e0145726
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3李敬伟,湛方栋,何永美,郭先华,李明锐,祖艳群,李元.云南会泽铅锌矿区土壤理化与生物学性质[J].应用与环境生物学报,2014,20(5):906-912[Li JW,Zhan FD,He YM,Guo XH,Li MR,Zu YQ,Li Y.Physicochemical and biological properties of soils from Huize lead-zinc mining area of Yunnan[J].Chin J Appl Environ Biol,2014,20(5):906-912]
4 Zhang J,Li H,Zhou Y,Dou L,Cai L,Mo L,You J.Bioavailability and soil-to-crop transfer of heavy metals in farmland soils:a case study in the Pearl River Delta,South China[J].Environ Pollut,2018,235:710-719
5 Pan S,Wang K,Wang L,Wang Z,Han Y.Risk assessment system based on WebGis for heavy metal pollution in farmland soils in China[J].Sustainability,2017,9(10):1846
6 Tang X,Li Q,Wu M,Lin L,Scholz M.Review of remediation practices regarding cadmium-enriched farmland soil with particular reference to China[J].J Environ Manage,2016,181:646
7梁学峰,徐应明,王林,孙国红,秦旭,孙扬.天然黏土联合磷肥对农田土壤镉铅污染原位钝化修复效应研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(5):1011-1018[Liang XF,Xu YM,Wang L,Sun GH,Qin X,Sun Y.In-situ immobilization of cadmium and lead in a contaminated agricultural field by adding natural clays combined with phosphate fertilizer[J].Acta Sci Circumst,2011,31(5):1011-1018]
8 Yi X,Liang X,Xu Y,Qin X,Huang Q,Wang L,Sun Y.Remediation of heavy metal-polluted agricultural soils using clay minerals:a review[J].Pedosphere,2017,27(2):193-204
9刘彬.新疆托克逊膨润土胶体的某些物理化学性质[J].光谱学与光谱分析,1998,18(1):58-62[Liu B.Some physical-chemical properties of the colloid of bentonite in Xinjiang tuoksun county[J].Spectrosc Spect Anal,1998,18(1):58-62]
10 Sun Y,Li Y,Xu Y,Liang X,Wang L.In situ,stabilization remediation of cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)co-contaminated paddy soil using bentonite[J].Appl Clay Sci,2015(S105-106):200-206
11冯先翠,朱凰榕,赵秋香.巯基改性膨润土对小白菜吸收累积镍的影响[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(6):664-668[Feng XC,Zhu FR,Zhao QX.Effects of thiol-functionalized bentonite on absorption and accumulation of Ni in pakchoi[J].Environ Poll Control,2017,39(6):664-668]
12 Sun Y,Sun G,Xu Y,Liu W,Liang X,Wang L.Evaluation of the effectiveness of sepiolite,bentonite,and phosphate amendments on the stabilization remediation of cadmium-contaminated soils[J].J Environ Manage,2016,166(4-6):204-210
13 Smith SE,Read DJ.Mycorrhizal Symbiosis[M].3rd ed.Oxford:Academic Press,2010
14 Amna,Ali N,Masood S,Mukhtar T,Kamran MA,Rafique M,Munis MF,Chaudhary HJ.Differential effects of cadmium and chromium on g row th,photosy nthetic activit y,and metal uptake of Linum usitatissimum in association with Glomus intraradices[J].Environ Monit Assess,2015,187(6):311
15张英伟,柴立伟,王东伟,汪杰,黄艺.Cu和Cd胁迫下接种外生菌根真菌对油松根际耐热蛋白固持重金属能力的影响[J].环境科学,2014,35(3):1169-1175[Zhang YW,Chai LW,Wang DW,Wang J,Huang Y.Effect of ectomycorrhizae on heavy metals sequestration by thermostable protein in rhizosphere of pinus tabulaeformis under Cu and Cd stress[J].Chin J Environ Sci,2014,35(3):1169-1175]
16王蕾,夏金兰,朱泓睿,刘红昌,聂珍媛,刘李柱.微生物-矿物相互作用及界面显微分析研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(3):716-725[Wang L,Xia JL,Zhu HR,Liu HC,Nie ZY,Liu LZ.Progress on research of microbe-mineral interaction and interfacial micro-analysis[J].Microbiology,2017,44(3):716-725]
17谭科艳,刘晓端,黄园英,陈燕芳.固定配比的钠化膨润土与土壤在不同pH条件下对重金属离子的吸附效果研究[J].岩矿测试,2010,29(4):411-413[Tan KY,Liu XD,Huang YY,Chen YF.Study on adsorption effects of heavy metal ions by reformed soils with fixed ratios of sodiummodified bentonite to soil at different pH conditions[J].Rock Miner Anal,2010,29(4):411-413]
18鲍士旦.土壤农业化学分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000[Bao SD.Agricultural Soil Analysis[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000]
19李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000[Li HS.Principle and technology of plant physiological and biochemical experiments[M].Beijing:Higher Education Publishing House,2000]
20 Gerdemann JW,Nicolson TH.Spores of mycorrhizal endogone,species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting[J].Trans Brit Mycolog Soc,1963,46(2):235-244
21 Phillips JM,Hayman DS.Improved procedures for clearing roots and staining parasitic and vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for rapid assessment of infection[J].Trans Brit Mycolog Soc,1970,55(1):158-161
22 Mcgonigle TP,Miller MH,Evans DG,Fairchild GF,Swan JA.A new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].New Phytol,1990,115(3):495-501
23 Foo E,Ross JJ,Jones WT,Reid JB.Plant hormones in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses:an emerging role for gibberellins[J].Ann BotLondon,2013,111(5):769-779
24 Yang Y,Han X,Liang Y,Ghosh A,Chen J,Tang M.The combined effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)and lead(Pb)stress on Pb accumulation,plant growth parameters,photosynthesis,and antioxidant enzymes in Robinia pseudoacacia L.[J].PLoS ONE,2015,10(12):e0145726
25 Ferrol N,Tamayo E,Vargas P.The heavy metal paradox in arbuscular mycorrhizas:from mechanisms to biotechnological applications[J].JExp Bot,2016,67(22):6253-6265
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