基于双铅碳电池储能系统的微电网优化运行控制策略
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摘要
针对风力、光伏发电与电动汽车充电波动性威胁微电网安全运行问题,基于对铅碳电池全生命周期内吞吐电量与充放电深度关系的研究,提出了基于双电池储能系统(DBESS)运行平衡度指标控制的充放电模式切换路径优化策略,以及基于铅碳电池最佳充放电深度的DBESS充放电控制策略。利用包含风光发电、双铅碳电池储能系统、锂离子电动汽车充电和常规负荷的实测运行数据,对上述控制策略与传统控制策略的计算结果进行了对比分析,结果表明所提出的控制策略不仅可以达到优化DBESS充放电路径的目的,最大限度拓展DBESS可用容量,还可打破DBESS始末荷电状态一致的限制,提高储能系统使用灵活性。最后以DBESS充放电饱和能力指标及充放电稳定性指标为评价标准,验证了所提出控制策略的合理性和有效性。
Due to the fact that power fluctuation caused by wind power, photovoltaics and electric vehicle charging threatens the safe operation of microgrid, based on the relationship between electric throughput and the depth of charging and discharging in the whole life of lead carbon battery, an optimization strategy for path switching of charging and discharging mode controlled by operation balance index of double battery energy storage system(DBESS) is proposed, and a charging and discharging control strategy of DBESS based on the best depth of charging and discharging of lead carbon battery is proposed. Calculation results of the strategy proposed and traditional strategy are compared by using actual operational data of wind power, photovoltaics, double lead carbon battery energy storage system, lithium-ion electric vehicle charging and regular load. Results show that the proposed strategy can not only optimize the path of charging and discharging mode, but also break the restriction of state of charge consistency between beginning and end of the charging and discharging process in the DBESS, so that the available capacity can be increased to the most extent and the flexibility of the use of battery energy storage system can be enhanced. The rationality and validity of the proposed strategy are finally verified by charging and discharging saturability index and stability index of DBESS.
Due to the fact that power fluctuation caused by wind power, photovoltaics and electric vehicle charging threatens the safe operation of microgrid, based on the relationship between electric throughput and the depth of charging and discharging in the whole life of lead carbon battery, an optimization strategy for path switching of charging and discharging mode controlled by operation balance index of double battery energy storage system(DBESS) is proposed, and a charging and discharging control strategy of DBESS based on the best depth of charging and discharging of lead carbon battery is proposed. Calculation results of the strategy proposed and traditional strategy are compared by using actual operational data of wind power, photovoltaics, double lead carbon battery energy storage system, lithium-ion electric vehicle charging and regular load. Results show that the proposed strategy can not only optimize the path of charging and discharging mode, but also break the restriction of state of charge consistency between beginning and end of the charging and discharging process in the DBESS, so that the available capacity can be increased to the most extent and the flexibility of the use of battery energy storage system can be enhanced. The rationality and validity of the proposed strategy are finally verified by charging and discharging saturability index and stability index of DBESS.
引文
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[2] 沈玉明,胡博,谢开贵,等.计及储能寿命损耗的孤立微电网最优经济运行[J].电网技术,2014,38(9):2371-2378.SHEN Yuming,HU Bo,XIE Kaigui,et al.Optimal economic operation of isolated microgrid considering energy storage loss [J].Power System Technology,2014,38(9):2371-2378.
[3] 刘念,唐霄,段帅,等.考虑动力电池梯次利用的光伏换电站容量优化配置方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):34-44.LIU Nian,TANG Xiao,DUAN Shuai,et al.Capacity optimization method for PV-based battery swapping stations considering second-use of electric vehicle batteries[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(4):34-44.
[4] 章竹耀,郭晓丽,张新松,等.储能电池平抑风功率波动策略[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(3):62-68.ZHANG Zhuyao,GUO Xiaoli,ZHANG Xinsong,et al.Energy storage battery leveling wind power fluctuation strategy [J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(3):62-68.
[5] 张新松,顾菊平,袁越,等.基于电池储能系统的风功率波动平抑策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(28):4752-4760.ZHANG Xinsong,GU Juping,YUAN Yue,et al.Wind power fluctuation stabilization strategy based on battery energy storage system [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(28):4752-4760.
[6] YAO D L,CHOI S S,TSENG K J,et al.A statistical approach to the design of a dispatchable wind power-battery energy storage system [J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2009,24(4):916-925.
[7] 张新松,顾菊平,袁越,等.电动汽车最优充电模型及其近似求解方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3148-3155.ZHANG Xinsong,GU Juping,YUAN Yue,et al.Electric vehicle optimal charging model and its approximate solution method [J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3148-3155.
[8] 马伟,王玮,吴学智,等.光储协调互补平抑功率波动策略及经济性分析[J].电网技术,2018,42(3):730-737.MA Wei,WANG Wei,WU Xuezhi,et al.Coordinated control strategy of photovoltaics and energy storage for smoothing power fluctuations of photovoltaics and economic analysis[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(3):730-737.
[9] 张志昌,吴健,骆钊,等.计及储能运行特性的独立型交直流混合微网优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(19):118-125.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180124006.ZHANG Zhichang,WU Jian,LUO Zhao,et al.Optimal scheduling for independent AC/DC hybrid microgrid considering operation characteristics of energy storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(19):118-125.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20180124006.
[10] 李军徽,穆钢,崔新振,等.双锂电池-电容器混合储能系统控制策略设计[J].高电压技术,2015,41(10):3224-3232.LI Junhui,MU Gang,CUI Xinzhen,et al.Control strategy design of dual lithium battery-capacitor hybrid energy storage system [J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(10):3224-3232.
[11] 林莉,金鑫,朱丽云,等.考虑充放电能量不均衡的双电池系统状态评估与控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(10):128-134.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171107013.LIN Li,JIN Xin,ZHU Liyun,et al.State evaluation and control strategy of dual-battery system considering unbalance of charging and discharging energy [J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(10):128-134.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20171107013.
[12] 2018储能系统白皮书[R/OL].[2018-10-02].http://www.sohu.com/a/257529480_159622.2018 energy storage system white paper[R/OL].[2018-10-02].http://www.sohu.com/a/257529480_159622.
[13] 孙玉树,李星,唐西胜,等.应用于微网的多类型储能多级控制策略[J].高电压技术,2017,4(1):181-188.SUN Yushu,LI Xing,TANG Xisheng,et al.Multi-type multi-level control strategy for energy storage in microgrid [J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,4(1):181-188.
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