苏州市2012-2017年水痘疫情流行病学分析
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摘要
目的分析苏州市2012-2017年水痘报告病例及暴发疫情的流行病学特征。方法通过中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统、突发公共卫生事件管理信息系统收集苏州市2012-2017年水痘报告病例和暴发疫情,进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2012-2017年苏州市共报告水痘病例31 182例,年均报告发病率为36.80/10万,各年发病率在21.82/10万(2012年)-112.33/10万(2017年)之间;发病高峰为每年4-7月和10月-次年1月。4-7岁儿童发病率最高,为348.46/10万-528.53/10万。共报告水痘暴发32起,其中发生在小学24起(75.00%)、幼儿园6起(18.75%)、中学2起(6.25%)。结论 2012-2017年苏州市水痘发病或暴发总体呈上升趋势,以学龄前儿童和小学生为主。建议将水痘疫苗纳入免疫规划,并实施2剂次免疫程序。
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of varicella cases and outbreaks in Suzhou city from 2012 to 2017. Methods We collected varicella incidence data from Suzhou during 2012-2017 from the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System and the Public Health Emergency Event Management Information System for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 31 182 varicella cases were reported in Suzhou during 2012-2017, yielding an annual average incidence of 36.80 per 100 000 population; the incidence ranged from 21.82 per 100 000 in 2012 to 112.33 per 100 000 in 2017. Incidence peaked from April to July and from October to the following January. The highest incidence was seen in 4-7-year-old children, ranging from 348.46 to 528.53 per 100 000. A total of 32 outbreaks were reported; 24(75.00%), 6(18.75%), and 2(6.25%) occurred in primary schools, kindergartens, and secondary schools, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of reported varicella and of varicella outbreaks increased between 2012 and 2017 in Suzhou, mainly involving preschool children and primary school students. We recommend introducing varicella vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization with a 2-dose immunization schedule.
Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics of varicella cases and outbreaks in Suzhou city from 2012 to 2017. Methods We collected varicella incidence data from Suzhou during 2012-2017 from the China Disease Surveillance Information Reporting and Management System and the Public Health Emergency Event Management Information System for a descriptive epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 31 182 varicella cases were reported in Suzhou during 2012-2017, yielding an annual average incidence of 36.80 per 100 000 population; the incidence ranged from 21.82 per 100 000 in 2012 to 112.33 per 100 000 in 2017. Incidence peaked from April to July and from October to the following January. The highest incidence was seen in 4-7-year-old children, ranging from 348.46 to 528.53 per 100 000. A total of 32 outbreaks were reported; 24(75.00%), 6(18.75%), and 2(6.25%) occurred in primary schools, kindergartens, and secondary schools, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of reported varicella and of varicella outbreaks increased between 2012 and 2017 in Suzhou, mainly involving preschool children and primary school students. We recommend introducing varicella vaccine into the Expanded Program on Immunization with a 2-dose immunization schedule.
引文
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[9] 夏颖苹, 李寿俊, 董维波, 等. 2013年浙江省奉化市水痘疫情流行特征及水痘疫苗保护效果评价[J]. 疾病监测, 2014, 29(12): 957-960.XIA YP, LI SJ, DONG WB, et al. Incidence pattern of varicella and effect of varicella immunization in Fenghua, Zhejiang, 2013[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2014, 29(12): 957-960.
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[11] CDC. Recommend immunization schedule for persons aged 0-18 years-United States [J]. MMWR, 2007, 55(51-52): Q1-4.
[12] 陈志慧, 王宪明, 殷月娣, 等. 水痘减毒活疫苗的研制及免疫效果观察[J]. 国际生物制品学杂志, 2006, 29(3): 97-100.CHEN ZH, WANG XM, YING YE, et al. Studies on preparation and immunological efficacy of a live attenuated varicella vaccine [J]. International Journal of Biologicals, 2006, 29(3): 97-100.
[13] 侯晓艳, 张烽, 王智泉, 等. 南通市水痘暴发疫情中突破病例的流行特征及其免疫策略[J]. 职业与健康, 2016, 32(17): 2417-2419.HOU XY, ZHANG F, WANG ZQ, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of breakthrough varicella cases in outbreaks and immunization strategies in Nantong city [J]. Occupation and Health, 2016, 32(17): 2417-2419.
[2] 刘桂芳, 宋立志, 冯蕾, 等. 山东省2007年≤14岁儿童水痘发病率抽样调查[J]. 中国疫苗和免疫, 2010, 16(3): 225-228.LIU GF, SONG LZ, FENG L, et al. Investigation on varicella incidence of the children ≤14 years old in Shandong province in 2007[J]. Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization, 2010, 16(3): 225-228.
[3] 符剑, 何寒青, 严睿, 等. 浙江省2007-2011年水痘监测和爆发疫情分析[J]. 中国疫苗和免疫, 2013, 19(3): 271-273.FU J, HE HQ, YAN R, et al. Epidemiological study on the incidence and outbreak of varicella in Zhejiang province, 2007-2011[J]. Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization, 2013, 19(3): 271-273.
[4] 徐真, 邵月琴, 钟培松. 上海市嘉定区2009-2011年水痘疫情流行病学分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2013, 40(24): 4567-4568, 4573.XU Z, SHAO YQ, ZHONG PS, et al. Analysis of the epidemiology of chickenpox outbreaks occurred in Jiading district in Shanghai between 2009 and 2011 [J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2013, 40(24): 4567-4568, 4573.
[5] ZHANG X, YAN Y, LIU F, et al. The epidemiology and risk factors for breakthrough varicella in Beijing Fengtai district [J]. Vaccine, 2012, 30(43): 6186-6189.
[6] 张雪, 唐田. 北京市丰台区2008-2010年717例水痘突破病例流行病学特征分析[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2011, 32(8): 844-845.ZHANG X, TANG T. Epidemiological characteristics of 717 breakthrough varicella cases in Fengtai, 2008-2010[J]. Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, 2011, 32(8): 844-845.
[7] 刁连东, 孙晓冬. 实用疫苗学[M]. 上海:上海科学技术出版社, 2015.DIAO LD, SUN XD. Practical Vaccinology [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers, 2015.
[8] 许青, 徐爱强. 我国水痘流行病学分析与水痘疫苗免疫预防研究进展[J]. 中国新药杂志, 2012, 21(10): 1093-1098.XU Q, XU AQ. Epidemiological analysis of varicella in China and advance in immunity prevention for varicella vaccine [J]. Chinese Journal of New Drugs, 2012, 21(10): 1093-1098.
[9] 夏颖苹, 李寿俊, 董维波, 等. 2013年浙江省奉化市水痘疫情流行特征及水痘疫苗保护效果评价[J]. 疾病监测, 2014, 29(12): 957-960.XIA YP, LI SJ, DONG WB, et al. Incidence pattern of varicella and effect of varicella immunization in Fenghua, Zhejiang, 2013[J]. Disease Surveillance, 2014, 29(12): 957-960.
[10] BRIDGES CB, FUKUDA K, UYEKI TM, et al. Prevention and control of influenza: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization practices (ACIP) [J]. MMWR Recomm Rep, 2002, 51(RR-3): 1-31.
[11] CDC. Recommend immunization schedule for persons aged 0-18 years-United States [J]. MMWR, 2007, 55(51-52): Q1-4.
[12] 陈志慧, 王宪明, 殷月娣, 等. 水痘减毒活疫苗的研制及免疫效果观察[J]. 国际生物制品学杂志, 2006, 29(3): 97-100.CHEN ZH, WANG XM, YING YE, et al. Studies on preparation and immunological efficacy of a live attenuated varicella vaccine [J]. International Journal of Biologicals, 2006, 29(3): 97-100.
[13] 侯晓艳, 张烽, 王智泉, 等. 南通市水痘暴发疫情中突破病例的流行特征及其免疫策略[J]. 职业与健康, 2016, 32(17): 2417-2419.HOU XY, ZHANG F, WANG ZQ, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of breakthrough varicella cases in outbreaks and immunization strategies in Nantong city [J]. Occupation and Health, 2016, 32(17): 2417-2419.