柴达木盆地坪西地区基岩气藏储层特征
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摘要
柴达木盆地东坪气田是近年来发现的国内外罕见的基岩古潜山气藏,坪西地区属东坪气田三大断块之一,是东坪基岩气田主要潜力区之一。综合利用岩心观察、薄片分析、X-射线衍射分析及激光共聚焦、CT扫描等实验室分析资料,明确了坪西基岩气藏的岩性特征及储集空间类型;综合试气资料、构造解释成果及裂缝地震属性资料,揭示了坪西基岩气藏的成藏特征及主控因素。研究认为,坪西基岩气藏岩性主要为变质灰岩、板岩及板岩与变质灰岩的混杂岩,储集空间类型主要为构造缝、溶蚀缝及溶蚀孔。变质灰岩和板岩因发育高角度缝和层理缝,是最有利的储集岩性。坪西基岩气藏为具裂缝、基质孔双重孔隙结构的复杂变质岩构造—裂缝型气藏,构造和裂缝是成藏的主要控制因素,构造控制了气层的分布,与气源断裂相伴生的裂缝控制了天然气的富集。研究成果对坪西基岩气藏的勘探开发提供了地质理论依据及技术支撑,具有现实指导意义。
Dongping Gas Field is a newly discovered rare massive,buried-hill and bedrock gas reservoir in the Qaidam Basin.As one of the three fault blocks of Dongping Gas Field,Pingxi area is one of the main potential areas of Dongping bedrock gas reservoir.Based on core,thin-section identification,X-ray diffraction analysis,laser confocal scanning,and CT scanning as well as test data,we identified the lithology characteristics and reservoir space types of Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir.Combined with gas production test,structure interpretation and fracture prediction,the gas accumulation characteristic and major controlling factors of Pingxi basement gas reservoir are revealed.The study indicates that the lithology is mainly composed of metamorphic limestone,slate and melange,reservoir space is mainly structural fracture,dissolution fracture and corrosion pore in basement gas reservoir in Pingxi area.Metamorphic limestone and slate are the most favorable reservoir because of their high angle fractures and bedding fractures.Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir is a structure-fracture gas reservoir with fracture and matrix pore of complex metamorphic rock.Structure and fracture are the main controlling factors of reservoir formation.The structure controls gas distribution and the fracture associated with gas source faults controls hydrocarbon enrichment.The research results provide geological theory basis and technical support for the exploration and development of Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir and practical guiding significance.
Dongping Gas Field is a newly discovered rare massive,buried-hill and bedrock gas reservoir in the Qaidam Basin.As one of the three fault blocks of Dongping Gas Field,Pingxi area is one of the main potential areas of Dongping bedrock gas reservoir.Based on core,thin-section identification,X-ray diffraction analysis,laser confocal scanning,and CT scanning as well as test data,we identified the lithology characteristics and reservoir space types of Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir.Combined with gas production test,structure interpretation and fracture prediction,the gas accumulation characteristic and major controlling factors of Pingxi basement gas reservoir are revealed.The study indicates that the lithology is mainly composed of metamorphic limestone,slate and melange,reservoir space is mainly structural fracture,dissolution fracture and corrosion pore in basement gas reservoir in Pingxi area.Metamorphic limestone and slate are the most favorable reservoir because of their high angle fractures and bedding fractures.Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir is a structure-fracture gas reservoir with fracture and matrix pore of complex metamorphic rock.Structure and fracture are the main controlling factors of reservoir formation.The structure controls gas distribution and the fracture associated with gas source faults controls hydrocarbon enrichment.The research results provide geological theory basis and technical support for the exploration and development of Pingxi bedrock gas reservoir and practical guiding significance.
引文
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[11]Ma Long,Liu Quanxin,Zhang Jinglian,et al.A discussion of exploration potentials of basement hydrocarbon reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(1):8-11.马龙,刘全新,张景廉,等.论基岩油气藏的勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):8-11.
[12]Li Jianming,Shi Lingling,Wang Liquan,et al.Characteristics of basement reservoir in Kunbei fault terrace belt in southwestern Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2011,23(2):20-23.李建明,史玲玲,汪立群,等.柴西南地区昆北断阶带基岩油藏储层特征分析[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(2):20-23.
[13]Liu Guizhen,Zhang Deshi,Li Nengwu.Characteristics of basement reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in the northern Kunlun fault zone[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2015,27(2):62-69.刘桂珍,张德诗,李能武.昆北断阶带基岩储层特征及油气成藏条件[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):62-69.
[14]Zhang Shenqin,Duan Shengsheng,Wei Guo,et al.Logging evaluation of parameters for the complex basement gas reservoir in the Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(9):52-58.张审琴,段生盛,魏国,等.柴达木盆地复杂基岩气藏储层参数测井评价[J].天然气工业,2014,34(9):52-58.
[15]Li Jiangtao,Li Zhijun,Jia Yonglu,et al.Special geological conditions and development models of the Dongping basement gas reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(8):75-81.李江涛,李志军,贾永禄,等.柴达木盆地东坪基岩气藏的特征地质条件及其开发模式探讨[J].天然气工业,2014,34(8):75-81.
[16]Li Ting,Xia Zhiyuan,Liu Xiaoping,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation condition analysis of bedrock gas reservoirs in Dongping of Qaidam Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2015,22(5):69-73.李婷,夏志远,刘小平,等.柴达木盆地东坪地区基岩气藏成藏条件分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(5):69-73.
[17]Cao Zhenglin,Wei Zhifu,Zhang Xiaojun,et al.Oil-gas source correlation in Dongping area,Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2013,25(3):17-20.曹正林,魏志福,张小军,等.柴达木盆地东坪地区油气源对比分析[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(3):17-20.
[18]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to 3Dinterpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[19]Yang Guoquan,Liu Yanli,Zhang Hongwen.The calculation method of curvature attributes and its effect analysis[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2282-2286.杨国权,刘延利,张红文.曲率属性计算方法研究及效果分析[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2282-2286.
[20]Xu Baoliang,Ji Xuewu,Cang Dianguang,et al.Application of microfracture prediction to L42 Well area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2014,37(2):38-40.徐宝亮,纪学武,藏殿光,等.微断裂预测技术在四川盆地L42井区的应用及效果[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):38-40.
(1)谢梅,李亚锋,李森明,等.东坪气田东坪17井区 E1+2—基岩气藏新增天然气预测储量报告.中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院,内部报告,2015.
(2)GeoEast地震数据处理解释一体化系统应用指南.地震地质资料综合解释部分,中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司物探技术研究中心、中油油气勘探软件国家工程研究中心有限公司,2015.
[2]Xie Gongjian.Occurrence of the pool in the metamorphosed basement in Yaerxia in the western part of the Jiuquan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1981,2(3):23-30.谢恭俭.酒泉盆地西部鸭儿峡变质基岩油藏的形成条件[J].石油学报,1981,2(3):23-30.
[3]Chen Xiaohong,He Wenyuan,Feng Zihui.Controlling effect of major faults on the gas reservoirs in the Xujiaweizi fault depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2012,32(3):53-56.陈晓红,何文渊,冯子辉.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷主要断裂对气藏的控制作用[J].天然气工业,2012,32(3):53-56.
[4]Xiao Yongjun,Li Jianghai,Xu Chunhua.Reservoir forming conditions and accumulation model of buried hill reservoirs of Bawu area in Lishu Depression,Songnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(5):58-63.肖永军,李江海,徐春华.松南梨树断陷八屋地区潜山油气藏成藏条件与成藏模式[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(5):58-63.
[5]Du Jinhu.Analysis of natural gas accumulation conditions and exploration perspective in the central paleo-uplift(north),Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,22(5):1-14.杜金虎.松辽盆地中央古隆起带(北部)天然气成藏条件分析及勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2017,22(5):1-14.
[6]Xiao Shurong,Zhang Yueming.Fractured reservoirs of buriedhill basement in Liaohe Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas:Geology,2000,14(2):108-111.肖淑蓉,张跃明.辽河盆地基岩潜山油藏裂缝型储层特征[J].中国海上油气:地质,2000,14(2):108-111.
[7]Liu Le,Yang Minghui,Li Chunxia,et al.Fractured reservoirs in metamorphic buried-hills in the Liaohe low up-lift and their hydrocarbon accumulation conditions[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(2):188-194.刘乐,杨明慧,李春霞,等.辽西低凸起变质岩潜山裂缝储层及成藏条件[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(2):188-194.
[8]Huang Baogang,Wang Libing,Zhao Chunming,et al.Formation mechanism and distribution of fractured buried hill reservoir in JZS Oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2011,32(5):710-717.黄保纲,汪利兵,赵春明,等.JZS油田潜山裂缝形成机制及分布预测[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(5):710-717.
[9]Wang Yongjun,Zhang Baomin,Wang Zhengjun,et al.Geological characteristics of Ordovician buried hill and main factors of oil/gas accumulation in Nanpu Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(1):51-59.王拥军,张宝民,王政军,等.渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷奥陶系潜山油气地质特征与成藏主控因素[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):51-59.
[10]Tong Kaijun,Zhao Chunming,LüZuobin,et al.Reservoir evaluation and fracture characterization of the metamorphic buried hill in Bohai Bay[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(1):56-63.童凯军,赵春明,吕坐彬,等.渤海变质岩潜山油藏储集层综合评价与裂缝表征[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(1):56-53.
[11]Ma Long,Liu Quanxin,Zhang Jinglian,et al.A discussion of exploration potentials of basement hydrocarbon reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(1):8-11.马龙,刘全新,张景廉,等.论基岩油气藏的勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2006,26(1):8-11.
[12]Li Jianming,Shi Lingling,Wang Liquan,et al.Characteristics of basement reservoir in Kunbei fault terrace belt in southwestern Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2011,23(2):20-23.李建明,史玲玲,汪立群,等.柴西南地区昆北断阶带基岩油藏储层特征分析[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(2):20-23.
[13]Liu Guizhen,Zhang Deshi,Li Nengwu.Characteristics of basement reservoirs and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions in the northern Kunlun fault zone[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2015,27(2):62-69.刘桂珍,张德诗,李能武.昆北断阶带基岩储层特征及油气成藏条件[J].岩性油气藏,2015,27(2):62-69.
[14]Zhang Shenqin,Duan Shengsheng,Wei Guo,et al.Logging evaluation of parameters for the complex basement gas reservoir in the Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(9):52-58.张审琴,段生盛,魏国,等.柴达木盆地复杂基岩气藏储层参数测井评价[J].天然气工业,2014,34(9):52-58.
[15]Li Jiangtao,Li Zhijun,Jia Yonglu,et al.Special geological conditions and development models of the Dongping basement gas reservoirs in the Qaidam Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(8):75-81.李江涛,李志军,贾永禄,等.柴达木盆地东坪基岩气藏的特征地质条件及其开发模式探讨[J].天然气工业,2014,34(8):75-81.
[16]Li Ting,Xia Zhiyuan,Liu Xiaoping,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation condition analysis of bedrock gas reservoirs in Dongping of Qaidam Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2015,22(5):69-73.李婷,夏志远,刘小平,等.柴达木盆地东坪地区基岩气藏成藏条件分析[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(5):69-73.
[17]Cao Zhenglin,Wei Zhifu,Zhang Xiaojun,et al.Oil-gas source correlation in Dongping area,Qaidam Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoir,2013,25(3):17-20.曹正林,魏志福,张小军,等.柴达木盆地东坪地区油气源对比分析[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(3):17-20.
[18]Roberts A.Curvature attributes and their application to 3Dinterpreted horizons[J].First Break,2001,19(2):85-100.
[19]Yang Guoquan,Liu Yanli,Zhang Hongwen.The calculation method of curvature attributes and its effect analysis[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(5):2282-2286.杨国权,刘延利,张红文.曲率属性计算方法研究及效果分析[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(5):2282-2286.
[20]Xu Baoliang,Ji Xuewu,Cang Dianguang,et al.Application of microfracture prediction to L42 Well area,Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Exploration&Development,2014,37(2):38-40.徐宝亮,纪学武,藏殿光,等.微断裂预测技术在四川盆地L42井区的应用及效果[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):38-40.
(1)谢梅,李亚锋,李森明,等.东坪气田东坪17井区 E1+2—基岩气藏新增天然气预测储量报告.中国石油青海油田勘探开发研究院,内部报告,2015.
(2)GeoEast地震数据处理解释一体化系统应用指南.地震地质资料综合解释部分,中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司物探技术研究中心、中油油气勘探软件国家工程研究中心有限公司,2015.