怒江上游裸腹叶须鱼的年龄结构与生长特性
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摘要
以2017年5-6月和9-10月在怒江上游察瓦龙县至那曲县江段采集的225尾裸腹叶须鱼(Ptychobarbus kaznakovi)为研究对象,对比脊椎骨和微耳石两种鉴定年龄材料,分析其年龄结构与生长特性。结果显示:微耳石判别年龄具有较高的准确性和精确度。裸腹叶须鱼优势体长为101～250 mm,占总样本的78.48%,优势体重为0～150 g,占总样本的91.11%。裸腹叶须鱼种群由1～10龄和13龄11个年龄组组成,优势年龄组为3～5龄,占样本总数的66.22%,其中4龄鱼数量最多,占样本总数的27.56%,高龄鱼较少。体长与体重的拟合关系式为:W=2×10~(-5)L~(2.864 4)(R~2=0.989 3,n=225),Von Bertalanffy生长方程:■,生长系数k为0.061 5,表明怒江上游裸腹叶须鱼为缓慢生长型鱼类。拟合生长速度方程,生长加速度方程得出年龄生长拐点t_i为16.27龄,对应的体长l_i为455.36 mm,对应体重w_i为823.42 g。
A total of 225 individuals of Ptychobarbus kaznakovi Nikoisky were collected during May to June and September to October 2017 from Zuogong to Naqu section in the upper Nujiang River.Vertebrae and lapillus were sampled compared for age assessment.Meanwhile,the age structure and growth characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that lapillus as an age identification material has a higher accuracy.The dominated body length was from 101 to 250 mm,accounting for 78.48% of the total sample.The dominated body weight was from 0 to 150 g,accounting for 91.11% of the total sample.The population was composed of 1-10 and 13 age groups,dominant for 3 to 5 years old,which accounting for 66.22% of the total number of samples.The number of 4 age fish was the most,accounting for 27.56% of the total number of samples.Body length and weight relationship was as follows: W=2×10~(-5)L~(2.864 4)(R~2=0.989 3,n=225).The Von Bertalanffy growth model was ■.The coefficient of growth k was 0.061 5,which showed that Ptychobarbus kaznakovi was a slow-growing fish in the upper Nujiang River.The growth inflexion point st_i was 16.27 years old,corresponding body length l_iwas 455.36 mm and body weight w_i was 823.42 g.
A total of 225 individuals of Ptychobarbus kaznakovi Nikoisky were collected during May to June and September to October 2017 from Zuogong to Naqu section in the upper Nujiang River.Vertebrae and lapillus were sampled compared for age assessment.Meanwhile,the age structure and growth characteristics were analyzed.The results showed that lapillus as an age identification material has a higher accuracy.The dominated body length was from 101 to 250 mm,accounting for 78.48% of the total sample.The dominated body weight was from 0 to 150 g,accounting for 91.11% of the total sample.The population was composed of 1-10 and 13 age groups,dominant for 3 to 5 years old,which accounting for 66.22% of the total number of samples.The number of 4 age fish was the most,accounting for 27.56% of the total number of samples.Body length and weight relationship was as follows: W=2×10~(-5)L~(2.864 4)(R~2=0.989 3,n=225).The Von Bertalanffy growth model was ■.The coefficient of growth k was 0.061 5,which showed that Ptychobarbus kaznakovi was a slow-growing fish in the upper Nujiang River.The growth inflexion point st_i was 16.27 years old,corresponding body length l_iwas 455.36 mm and body weight w_i was 823.42 g.
引文
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[22]郝汉舟.拉萨裂腹鱼的年龄和生长的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2005:32-36.
[23]杨军山,陈毅峰,何德奎,等.错鄂裸鲤年龄与生长特征的探讨[J].水生生物学报,2002,26(4):378-387.
[24]朱秀芳,陈毅峰.巨须裂腹鱼年龄与生长的初步研究[J].动物学杂志,2009,44(3):76-82.
[25]胡华锐,张家波,常毅,等.绰斯甲河大渡裸裂尻鱼的年龄与生长特性研究[J].淡水渔业,2012,42(6):78-81.
[26]何德奎,陈毅峰,陈宜瑜,等.特化等级裂腹鱼类的分子系统发育与青藏高原隆起[J].科学通报,2003,48(22):2357-2362.
[2]陈毅峰,何德奎,曹文宣,等.色林错裸鲤的生长[J].动物学报,2002,48(5):667-676.
[3]Chen Y F,He D K,ChenYY.Age discrimination of selincuo schizothoracini(Gymnocypris selincuoensis)in selincuo lake,tibeten plateau[J].Acta Zoologica Sinica,2002,48(4):527-533.
[4]Appelberg M.Swedish standard methods for sampling freshwater fish with multimesh gillnets[J].Int J Oncol,2000,26(2):441-448.
[5]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1993:15-27,54-62.
[6]Francis R I CC.Back-calculation of fish length:a critical review[J].J Fish Biol,2010,36(6):883-902.
[7]Munro J L,Pauly D.A simple method for comparing the growth of fishes and invertebrates[J].Fishbyte,2012,1(1):5-6.
[8]Chen X J.Fisheries resources and fisheries hydrography [M].Beijing:Ocean Press.2004:40.
[9]习晓明,陈兵,杞建民,等.鲤鱼年龄的硬组织鉴定研究[J].西南农业大学学报,1994,16(1):66-68.
[10]张学健,陈家骅.鱼类年龄鉴定研究概况 [J].海洋渔业,2009,31(1):92-99.
[11]陈大庆,张信,熊飞,等.青海湖裸鲤生长特征的研究[J].水生生物学报,2006,30(2):173-179.
[12]李文静,王剑伟,谢从新,等.厚颌鲂的年龄结构及生长特性[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(2):215-222.
[13]万法江.狮泉河水生生物资源和高原裸裂尻鱼的生物学研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2004:46-47.
[14]熊飞,陈大庆,刘绍平,等.青海湖裸鲤不同年龄鉴定材料的年轮特征[J].水生生物学报,2006,30(2):185-191.
[15]李飞,杨德国,何勇风,等.赠曲裸腹叶须鱼的年龄与生长[J].淡水渔业,2016,46(6):39-44.
[16]王宇峰.金沙江上游裸腹叶须鱼年龄与生长的研究[D].四川雅安:四川农业大学,2014:19-22.
[17]李忠利.乌江上游四川裂腹鱼的年龄结构与生长特性[J].水生态学杂志,2015,36(2):75-80.
[18]Li X Q,Chen Y F.Age structure,growth and mortality estimates of an endemic Ptychobarbus dipogon(Regan,1905)(Cyprinidae:Schizothoracinae)in the Lhasa River,Tibet[J].Environ Biol Fish,2009,86(1):97-105.
[19]Branwtetter S.Age and growth estimates for Blacktip,Carcharhinus limbatus,and spinner,C.brevipinna,sharks,form the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico[J].Copeia ,1987,(4):964-974.
[20]贺舟艇.西藏拉萨河异齿裂腹鱼年龄与生长的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2005:29-40.
[21]胡睿,王剑伟,谭德清,等.金沙江上游软刺裸裂尻鱼年龄和生长的研究[J].四川动物,2012,31(5):708-719.
[22]郝汉舟.拉萨裂腹鱼的年龄和生长的研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2005:32-36.
[23]杨军山,陈毅峰,何德奎,等.错鄂裸鲤年龄与生长特征的探讨[J].水生生物学报,2002,26(4):378-387.
[24]朱秀芳,陈毅峰.巨须裂腹鱼年龄与生长的初步研究[J].动物学杂志,2009,44(3):76-82.
[25]胡华锐,张家波,常毅,等.绰斯甲河大渡裸裂尻鱼的年龄与生长特性研究[J].淡水渔业,2012,42(6):78-81.
[26]何德奎,陈毅峰,陈宜瑜,等.特化等级裂腹鱼类的分子系统发育与青藏高原隆起[J].科学通报,2003,48(22):2357-2362.