航天器铝合金结构残余应力超声波检测方法研究
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摘要
利用有限元法对5A06铝合金薄板拉伸过程进行数值模拟,以模拟结果为依据设计平面双向应力加载试件。基于声弹性理论,在单、双向加载的条件下,采用临界折射纵波法(LCR)对铝合金薄板进行单、双向应力检测试验研究,得到平面应力下单向和双向应力曲线。对比分析单向加载条件和双向加载条件下的应力曲线及应力系数,结果说明:LCR波在试件中的传播声时是由平行与垂直方向的应力共同决定的,垂直方向应力的作用约为平行方向应力的33%,垂直方向的应力对应力系数的影响不可忽略。
Finite element simulation was carried out for tension behavior of 5 A06 aluminum alloy plate. On the basis of simulation results,a biaxial stress loading test specimen was designed. Under single and bi-axial load,the stress of 5 A06 aluminum alloy plate was measured using ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave. The stress curve lines and coefficients under single and bi-axial load were compared. The results show that the transmission of sound by ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave depends on the coeffect of parallel and vertical stresses. The effect of vertical stress is equal to 33% of that of vertical stress. The effect of vertical stress on stress coefficient cannot be ignored.
Finite element simulation was carried out for tension behavior of 5 A06 aluminum alloy plate. On the basis of simulation results,a biaxial stress loading test specimen was designed. Under single and bi-axial load,the stress of 5 A06 aluminum alloy plate was measured using ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave. The stress curve lines and coefficients under single and bi-axial load were compared. The results show that the transmission of sound by ultrasonic critical refracted longitudinal wave depends on the coeffect of parallel and vertical stresses. The effect of vertical stress is equal to 33% of that of vertical stress. The effect of vertical stress on stress coefficient cannot be ignored.
引文
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[2]米谷茂.残余应力的产生和对策[M].朱荆璞,邵会孟,译.北京:轻工业出版社,1983:261-307.
[3]刘战捷.无损检测技术在载人航天工程中的应用[J].宇航材料工艺,2015(增刊):1-4.
[4]Luan Z J,Zhu C L,Lei D G,et al.Residual stress analysis in Al-50Si alloy after laser beam welding by X-ray diffraction[J].Materials Research Innovations,2012,18(1):27-32.
[5]施新华,武立宏,栗春,等.欧美最新X射线衍射残余应力测定标注介绍[J].理化检验:物理分册,2011,47(10):623-628.
[6]Sadeghi S,Najafabadi M A,Javadi Y,et al.Using ultrasonic waves and finite element method to evaluate through-thickness residual stresses distribution in the friction stir welding of aluminum plates[J].Materials and Design,2013,52:870-880.
[7]Javadi Y,Akhlaghi M,Najafabadi M A.Using finite element and ultrasonic method to evaluate welding longuitudinal residual stress through the thickness in austenitic stainless steel plate[J].Materials and Design,2013,45:628-642.
[8]马子奇.基于临界折射纵波声弹性效应的平面应力测量理论和方法[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014:5-12.
[9]徐春广,宋文涛,刘帅,等.铝合金残余应力超声无损检测与原位调控技术[J].宇航材料工艺,2015(增刊):5-11.