风电集群接入柔直互联多区域协同调频策略
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摘要
由于柔直电网"隔离"了频率信号,互联多区域协同调频问题亟待研究。现有研究大多利用换流站的下垂控制以及直流电压偏差实现频率信号的传递,但忽略了风电集群接入后由风电功率正常波动引起的直流电压偏差干扰,可能导致风电集群在无需调频时频繁地调整出力。对此,提出了基于直流电压偏差及其特征量的多区域协同调频策略,分别针对电网频率偏移和风电功率波动两种场景提取直流电压偏差特征量,包含电压变化量、电压变化率和滤波后的电压分量幅值3个特征,并基于二者的差异设置换流站启动下垂控制的判据。仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。
Due to the decoupling of frequency, how to coordinated frequency control among interconnected systems has attracted much attention. The frequency deviation signal is usually transferred via DC voltage in droop control mode in the pre-existing research. However, the DC voltage deviation also contains the components from wind power injection variation. If we neglect that, the system may change states frequently without the indeed frequency deviation. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a control strategy based on identify characteristics for DC voltage deviation caused by power system frequency or wind power variation. The characteristics includes voltage decrement, voltage drop rate, and peak value after being filtered. Based on dispersion, we set starting criteria of frequency coordinated control, and apply case study to show the validation.
Due to the decoupling of frequency, how to coordinated frequency control among interconnected systems has attracted much attention. The frequency deviation signal is usually transferred via DC voltage in droop control mode in the pre-existing research. However, the DC voltage deviation also contains the components from wind power injection variation. If we neglect that, the system may change states frequently without the indeed frequency deviation. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a control strategy based on identify characteristics for DC voltage deviation caused by power system frequency or wind power variation. The characteristics includes voltage decrement, voltage drop rate, and peak value after being filtered. Based on dispersion, we set starting criteria of frequency coordinated control, and apply case study to show the validation.
引文
[1]Flourentzou N,Agelidis V G,Demetriades G D.VSC-based HVDC power transmission systems:an overview[J].IEEETrans on Power Electronics,2009,24(3):592-602.
[2]王锡凡,卫晓辉,宁联辉,等.海上风电并网与输送方案比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5459-5466.Wang Xifan,Wei Xiaohui,Ning Lianhui,et al.Integration techniques and transmission schemes for off-shore wind farms[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5459-5466(in Chinese).
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[4]Wang W,Li Y,Cao Y,et al.Adaptive droop control of MTDCsystem for frequency support and power sharing[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2018,33(2):1264-1274.
[5]刘天琪,陶艳,李保宏.风电场经MMC-MTDC系统并网的几个关键问题[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3251-3260.Liu Tianqi,Tao Yan,Li Baohong.Critical problems of wind farm integration via MMC-MTDC system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3251-3260(in Chinese).
[6]付媛,王毅,张祥宇,等.基于多端直流联网的风电功率协调控制[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):611-619.Fu Yuan,Wang Yi,Zhang Xiangyu,et al.Coordinated control of wind power in multi-terminal DC transmission system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):611-619(in Chinese).
[7]Wang W,Li Y,Cao Y,et al.Adaptive droop control of MTDCsystem for frequency support and power sharing[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2017,33(2):1264-1274.
[8]Miao Z,Fan L,Osborn D,et al.Wind farms with HVDCdelivery in inertial response and primary frequency control[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2010,25(4):1171-1178.
[9]Castro L M,Acha E.On the provision of frequency regulation in low inertia AC grids using HVDC systems[J].IEEE Trans on Smart Grid,2016,7(6):2680-2690.
[10]Phulpin Y.Communication-free inertia and frequency control for wind generators connected by an HVDC-link[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2012,27(1):1136-1137.
[11]Pipelzadeh Y,Chaudhuri B,Green T C.Inertial response from remote offshore wind farms connected through VSC-HVDClinks:A communication-less scheme[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting.San Diego,CA:IEEE,2012:1-6.
[12]李宇骏,杨勇,李颖毅,等.提高电力系统惯性水平的风电场和VSC-HVDC协同控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(34):6021-6031.Li Yujun,Yang Yong,Li Yingyi,et al.Coordinated control of wind farms and VSC-HVDC to improve inertia level of power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(34):6021-6031(in Chinese).
[13]Liu H,Chen Z.Contribution of VSC-HVDC to frequency regulation of power systems with offshore wind generation[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2015,30(3):918-926.
[14]朱瑞可,王渝红,李兴源,等.用于VSC-HVDC互联系统的附加频率控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(16):81-87.Zhu Ruike,Wang Yuhong,Li Xingyuan,et al.An additional frequency control strategy for interconnected[J].Automation of Power Systems,2014,38(16):81-87(in Chinese).
[15]曾雪洋,刘天琪,王顺亮,等.风电场柔性直流并网与传统直流外送的源网协调控制策略[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1390-1398.Zeng Xueyang,Liu Tianqi,Wang Shunliang,et al.A coordinated source-grid control strategy for wind farm integration with VSC-HVDC and transmission with LCC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1390-1398(in Chinese).
[16]刘巨,姚伟,文劲宇,等.大规模风电参与系统频率调整的技术展望[J].电网技术,2014,38(3):638-646.Liu Ju,Yao Wei,Wen Jingyu,et al.Prospect of technology for large-scale wind farm participating into power grid frequency regulation[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(3):638-646(in Chinese).
[17]赵嘉兴,高伟,上官明霞,等.风电参与电力系统调频综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(21):157-169.Zhao Jiaxing,Gao Wei,Shangguan Mingxia,et al.Review on frequency regulation technology of power grid by wind farm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(21):157-169(in Chinese).
[18]丁磊,尹善耀,王同晓,等.结合超速备用和模拟惯性的双馈风机频率控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(09):2385-2391.Ding Lei,Yin Shanyao,Wang Tongxiao,et al.Integrated frequency control strategy of DFIGs based on virtual inertia and over-speed control[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(09):2385-2391(in Chinese).
[2]王锡凡,卫晓辉,宁联辉,等.海上风电并网与输送方案比较[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(31):5459-5466.Wang Xifan,Wei Xiaohui,Ning Lianhui,et al.Integration techniques and transmission schemes for off-shore wind farms[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(31):5459-5466(in Chinese).
[3]潘垣,尹项根,胡家兵,等.基于柔直电网的西部风光能源集中开发与外送[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3621-3629.Pan Yuan,Yin Xianggen,Hu Jiabing,et al.Centralized exploitation and large-scale delivery of wind and solar energies in west china based on flexible DC grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3621-3629(in Chinese).
[4]Wang W,Li Y,Cao Y,et al.Adaptive droop control of MTDCsystem for frequency support and power sharing[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2018,33(2):1264-1274.
[5]刘天琪,陶艳,李保宏.风电场经MMC-MTDC系统并网的几个关键问题[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3251-3260.Liu Tianqi,Tao Yan,Li Baohong.Critical problems of wind farm integration via MMC-MTDC system[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3251-3260(in Chinese).
[6]付媛,王毅,张祥宇,等.基于多端直流联网的风电功率协调控制[J].高电压技术,2014,40(2):611-619.Fu Yuan,Wang Yi,Zhang Xiangyu,et al.Coordinated control of wind power in multi-terminal DC transmission system[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(2):611-619(in Chinese).
[7]Wang W,Li Y,Cao Y,et al.Adaptive droop control of MTDCsystem for frequency support and power sharing[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2017,33(2):1264-1274.
[8]Miao Z,Fan L,Osborn D,et al.Wind farms with HVDCdelivery in inertial response and primary frequency control[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2010,25(4):1171-1178.
[9]Castro L M,Acha E.On the provision of frequency regulation in low inertia AC grids using HVDC systems[J].IEEE Trans on Smart Grid,2016,7(6):2680-2690.
[10]Phulpin Y.Communication-free inertia and frequency control for wind generators connected by an HVDC-link[J].IEEETrans on Power Systems,2012,27(1):1136-1137.
[11]Pipelzadeh Y,Chaudhuri B,Green T C.Inertial response from remote offshore wind farms connected through VSC-HVDClinks:A communication-less scheme[C]//Power and Energy Society General Meeting.San Diego,CA:IEEE,2012:1-6.
[12]李宇骏,杨勇,李颖毅,等.提高电力系统惯性水平的风电场和VSC-HVDC协同控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(34):6021-6031.Li Yujun,Yang Yong,Li Yingyi,et al.Coordinated control of wind farms and VSC-HVDC to improve inertia level of power system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(34):6021-6031(in Chinese).
[13]Liu H,Chen Z.Contribution of VSC-HVDC to frequency regulation of power systems with offshore wind generation[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2015,30(3):918-926.
[14]朱瑞可,王渝红,李兴源,等.用于VSC-HVDC互联系统的附加频率控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(16):81-87.Zhu Ruike,Wang Yuhong,Li Xingyuan,et al.An additional frequency control strategy for interconnected[J].Automation of Power Systems,2014,38(16):81-87(in Chinese).
[15]曾雪洋,刘天琪,王顺亮,等.风电场柔性直流并网与传统直流外送的源网协调控制策略[J].电网技术,2017,41(5):1390-1398.Zeng Xueyang,Liu Tianqi,Wang Shunliang,et al.A coordinated source-grid control strategy for wind farm integration with VSC-HVDC and transmission with LCC-HVDC[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(5):1390-1398(in Chinese).
[16]刘巨,姚伟,文劲宇,等.大规模风电参与系统频率调整的技术展望[J].电网技术,2014,38(3):638-646.Liu Ju,Yao Wei,Wen Jingyu,et al.Prospect of technology for large-scale wind farm participating into power grid frequency regulation[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(3):638-646(in Chinese).
[17]赵嘉兴,高伟,上官明霞,等.风电参与电力系统调频综述[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(21):157-169.Zhao Jiaxing,Gao Wei,Shangguan Mingxia,et al.Review on frequency regulation technology of power grid by wind farm[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(21):157-169(in Chinese).
[18]丁磊,尹善耀,王同晓,等.结合超速备用和模拟惯性的双馈风机频率控制策略[J].电网技术,2015,39(09):2385-2391.Ding Lei,Yin Shanyao,Wang Tongxiao,et al.Integrated frequency control strategy of DFIGs based on virtual inertia and over-speed control[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(09):2385-2391(in Chinese).