包被γ-氨基丁酸及其复合矿物质添加剂对西门塔尔肉牛生长性能和血液生化指标的影响
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摘要
研究包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)复合微量元素添加剂对生长期肉牛生长性能及血液生化指标的影响。选择12月龄体重在407.22 kg±21.36 kg的西门塔尔肉牛45头,随机分为3组(对照组,试验1组,试验2组),对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上饲喂包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)复合矿物质微量元素。结果表明,平均日增重试验1组高于对照组,试验2组高于试验1组,极显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的浓度试验组与对照组相比,总体呈上升趋势,在第20、30、40、50、60天时试验2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。血清中总蛋白(TP)的含量在第20天时试验1组极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第40天时试验1组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。免疫球蛋白G(IgG)的浓度在第20、30天时,试验1组极显著高于对照组(P<0.01),试验2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);在第40、50、60天时,试验1组显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验2组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结果提示,添加包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)和包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)复合微量元素可以提高肉牛的体重,提高肉牛机体的免疫力,减少疾病的发生,且包被γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)复合微量元素的作用效果要优于γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)。
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral and trace element additives on the growth performance and blood biochemical parameters in beef cattle during the growth period.A total of 45 Simmental beef cattle with twelve month old and the same body condition were randomly divided into 3 groups(control group,test group 1 and test group 2).The control group was fed with the basal diet.Based on the basal diet,γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid composited mineral trace elements were added for test group 1 and test group 2,respectively.The results showed that after the test,the body weight in test group 1 and test group 2 were higher than that in control group,but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The daily weight gain in group test 1 was higher than that in control group.Daily weight gain in test group 2 was higher than that in test group 1,and significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the concentration of serum ALP in test groups showed an high level,and significantly higher serum ALP in test group 2 than control group were detected at 30,40,50,60 and 60 days of experiment period(P<0.05),higher serum TP in test group 1(P<0.01) and test group 2(P<0.05) at day 20,at the 20 and 30 day of he experiment period.The concentration of IgG in test group 1 was very significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01),and test group 2 was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).At 40,50,and 60 days,IgG in test groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).It was suggested that the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral trace elements can promote the body weight growth,improve the body's immunity and reduce the incidence of disease of beef cattle,and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral trace element additives is better than γ-aminobutyric acid.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral and trace element additives on the growth performance and blood biochemical parameters in beef cattle during the growth period.A total of 45 Simmental beef cattle with twelve month old and the same body condition were randomly divided into 3 groups(control group,test group 1 and test group 2).The control group was fed with the basal diet.Based on the basal diet,γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid composited mineral trace elements were added for test group 1 and test group 2,respectively.The results showed that after the test,the body weight in test group 1 and test group 2 were higher than that in control group,but there was no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05).The daily weight gain in group test 1 was higher than that in control group.Daily weight gain in test group 2 was higher than that in test group 1,and significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the concentration of serum ALP in test groups showed an high level,and significantly higher serum ALP in test group 2 than control group were detected at 30,40,50,60 and 60 days of experiment period(P<0.05),higher serum TP in test group 1(P<0.01) and test group 2(P<0.05) at day 20,at the 20 and 30 day of he experiment period.The concentration of IgG in test group 1 was very significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01),and test group 2 was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).At 40,50,and 60 days,IgG in test groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).It was suggested that the addition of γ-aminobutyric acid and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral trace elements can promote the body weight growth,improve the body's immunity and reduce the incidence of disease of beef cattle,and γ-aminobutyric acid compounded mineral trace element additives is better than γ-aminobutyric acid.
引文
[1] 石彩叶,冀连斌,王聪,等.产酶益生素对西门塔尔牛养分消化率和血液指标的影响[J].饲料博览,2013(2):1-4.
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[8] 陈黎龙,游金明,黄建珍,等.γ-氨基丁酸对崇仁麻鸡生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(2):452-459.
[9] 韦习会,赵茹茜,陈杰.日粮中添加GABA对断奶仔猪增重和饲料利用的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2009,41(8):40-42.
[10] 龙翔,李建春,邰秀林.“草尚膘”复合型营养舔砖对肉牛育肥效果的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(18):33-34.
[11] 孙那申双合尔,敖长金,张福全,等.补饲营养舔砖对肉牛生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2015,36(8):36-39.
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[13] 桂林生,昝林森,梁大勇,等.不同能量水平日粮中添加复合酶制剂对荷斯坦公牛生长发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料博览,2009,36(10):10-15.
[14] 徐闯,于洪江,沈泰钰,等.围产后期奶牛的血液生化指标特征[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(8):1387-1392.
[15] 何振富,富董俊,郝怀志,等.不同饲料添加剂对舍饲肉牛血清生化指标、免疫功能及生长激素的影响[J].中国饲料,2016(18):24-28.
[16] Blome R M,Drackley J K,McKeith F K,et al.Growth nutrient utilization and body composition of dairy calves fed milk replacers containing different amounts of protein [J].J Animal Sci,2003,81(6):1641-1644.
[17] 潘军,曹玉凤,吕超,等.菌糠对肉牛生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(1):21-28.
[18] 朱正生.γ-氨基丁酸和黄芪多糖对肉雏鸡生长及免疫性能的影响[D].甘肃:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[19] 杨兵,夏先林,施晓丽,等.γ-氨基丁酸对仔猪免疫和抗氧化性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2012(10):8-10.
[20] 夏磊,占秀安,朱巧明,等.γ-氨基丁酸对热应激肉种鸡产蛋性能和繁殖性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(1):137-144.
[2] 陈光吉,彭忠利,宋善丹,等.发酵酒糟对舍饲牦牛生产性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(9):2920-2927.
[3] 王胜义,王慧,齐志明,等.肉牛微量元素舔砖对肉牛生长性能和相关激素水平的影响[J].中国草食动物科学,2014(5):32-34.
[4] 汪水平,王文娟,左福元,等,中药复方对夏季肉牛的影响:Ⅱ.血气指标、血清代谢产物浓度及免疫和抗氧化功能参数[J].畜牧兽医学报,2011,42(5):734-741.
[5] Spain J,Taylorpickard J A,Tucker L A.Mastitis in the modern dairy cow and the role of nutrition and management[M].2005.
[6] Toppo S,Mehra U R,Dass R S.Effect of urea supplementation to urea molasses mineral block (UMMB) lick on nutrient utilization and rumen fermentation pattern in crossbred cattle[J].Indian J Animal Sci,2013,70(4):415-418.
[7] 吴欣.γ-氨基丁酸对生长期绵羊生长性能和血液相关指标的影响[D].新疆乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015.
[8] 陈黎龙,游金明,黄建珍,等.γ-氨基丁酸对崇仁麻鸡生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2010,22(2):452-459.
[9] 韦习会,赵茹茜,陈杰.日粮中添加GABA对断奶仔猪增重和饲料利用的影响[J].畜牧与兽医,2009,41(8):40-42.
[10] 龙翔,李建春,邰秀林.“草尚膘”复合型营养舔砖对肉牛育肥效果的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2014(18):33-34.
[11] 孙那申双合尔,敖长金,张福全,等.补饲营养舔砖对肉牛生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2015,36(8):36-39.
[12] 周顺伍.动物生物化学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008.
[13] 桂林生,昝林森,梁大勇,等.不同能量水平日粮中添加复合酶制剂对荷斯坦公牛生长发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].饲料博览,2009,36(10):10-15.
[14] 徐闯,于洪江,沈泰钰,等.围产后期奶牛的血液生化指标特征[J].中国兽医学报,2016,36(8):1387-1392.
[15] 何振富,富董俊,郝怀志,等.不同饲料添加剂对舍饲肉牛血清生化指标、免疫功能及生长激素的影响[J].中国饲料,2016(18):24-28.
[16] Blome R M,Drackley J K,McKeith F K,et al.Growth nutrient utilization and body composition of dairy calves fed milk replacers containing different amounts of protein [J].J Animal Sci,2003,81(6):1641-1644.
[17] 潘军,曹玉凤,吕超,等.菌糠对肉牛生长性能和血液生理生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报:自然科学版,2011,39(1):21-28.
[18] 朱正生.γ-氨基丁酸和黄芪多糖对肉雏鸡生长及免疫性能的影响[D].甘肃:甘肃农业大学,2009.
[19] 杨兵,夏先林,施晓丽,等.γ-氨基丁酸对仔猪免疫和抗氧化性能的影响[J].饲料研究,2012(10):8-10.
[20] 夏磊,占秀安,朱巧明,等.γ-氨基丁酸对热应激肉种鸡产蛋性能和繁殖性能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2012,24(1):137-144.
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