白令海鱼类分类多样性及鱼类区系研究
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摘要
根据FishBase、Global Species等数据库中的鱼类物种资料,结合中国第四次北极科学考察在白令海的鱼类调查数据,运用分类多样性方法分析了白令海鱼类的分类多样性水平及其区系特征。结果表明:数据库记录白令海鱼类359种,中国第四次北极科学考察在白令海捕获鱼类31种;白令海与阿拉斯加湾鱼类相似性系数最高;白令海鱼类分类阶元包含指数(TINCLi)分别为目级阶元(2.90、8.86、16.48)、科级阶元(3.05、5.67)、属级阶元(1.80),平均分类差异指数△~+为62.7,分类差异变异指数∧~+为185.0;白令海鱼类组成可以分为3个区系。随着全球气候变化导致白令海海域的冷水团北移和海水表面温度上升,部分鱼类持续性北移可能是白令海的鱼类物种组成结构改变的主要原因。
Based on the data form Fishbase and Global Species database and trawl surveys in Bering Sea during the 2010 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition,taxonomic distinctness and fish faunal characteristics of Bering Sea are conducted.The results show that a total of 31 species are collected in Bering Sea during the 2010 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition and 359 species are recorded in the database.The coefficient index of the fish composition in Bering Sea and the Alaska is the highest.The results of taxonomic distinctness show that TINCLi in Bering Sea is(2.90,8.86,16.48)in order,(3.05,5.67)in family and(1.80)in genus,while AvTD△~+is 62.8 and VarTD∧~+is 185.0.The Bering Sea fish are separated as Eastern North Pacific Region,Western North Pacific Region and Arctic Region.With the global climate change leading to the cold water mass moving northward and sea surface temperature rising,the composition of fish in the Bering Sea maybe changed.
Based on the data form Fishbase and Global Species database and trawl surveys in Bering Sea during the 2010 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition,taxonomic distinctness and fish faunal characteristics of Bering Sea are conducted.The results show that a total of 31 species are collected in Bering Sea during the 2010 Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition and 359 species are recorded in the database.The coefficient index of the fish composition in Bering Sea and the Alaska is the highest.The results of taxonomic distinctness show that TINCLi in Bering Sea is(2.90,8.86,16.48)in order,(3.05,5.67)in family and(1.80)in genus,while AvTD△~+is 62.8 and VarTD∧~+is 185.0.The Bering Sea fish are separated as Eastern North Pacific Region,Western North Pacific Region and Arctic Region.With the global climate change leading to the cold water mass moving northward and sea surface temperature rising,the composition of fish in the Bering Sea maybe changed.
引文
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[2] Macdonald R.Awakenings in the Arctic[J].Nature,1996,380(6572):286-287.
[3] Duarte C M.Impacts of Global Warming on Polar Ecosystems[Z].Fundacion BBVA Bilbao,2008.
[4] Walsh J J,McRoy C P,Coachman L K,et al.Carbon and nitrogen cycling within the Bering/Chukchi Seas:Source regions for organic matter effecting AOU demands of the Arctic Ocean[J].Progress in Oceanography,1989,22(4):277-359.
[5] Springer A M,McROY C P,Flint M V.The Bering Sea green belt:Shelf-edge processes and ecosystem production[J].Fisheries Oceanography,1996,5(3-4):205-223.
[6] Lin L S,Liao Y C,Zhang J,et al.Composition and distribution of fish species collected during the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2010[J].Advances in Polar Science,2012,23(2-English):116-127.
[7] Stroeve J,Holland M M,Meier W,et al.Arctic sea ice decline:Faster than forecast[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(9):1-11.
[8] Steele M,Ermold W,Zhang J.Arctic Ocean surface warming trends over the past 100years[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35(2):2614.
[9]刘静,宁平.黄海鱼类组成、区系特征及历史变迁[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):764-769.Liu J,Ning P.Species composition and faunal characteristics of fishes in the Yellow Sea[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):764-769.
[10] Song P Q,Zhang J,Lin L S,et al.Nekton species composition and biodiversity in Taiwan Strait[J].Biodiversity Science,2012,20(1):32-40.
[11] Wang X Y,Zhao J P.Distribution and inter-annual variations of the cold water on the northern shelf of Bering Sea in summer[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2011,33(2):1-10.
[12] Gao G P,Dong Z Q,Shi M C.Water properties of the seas surveyed by Chinese first arctic research expedition in summer,1999[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,2003,15(1):11-20.
[13] Froese R,Pauly D.Fishbase[DB/OL].(2018-02-01)http:/www.fishbase.org.
[14] Bruce M.Global Species[DB/OL].(2012-01-01)http:/globalspecies.org.
[15] Warwick R M,Clarke K R.New‘biodiversity’measures reveal a decrease in taxonomic distinctness with increasing stress[J].Marine Ecology Progress,1995,129(1-3):301-305.
[16] Clarke K R,Warwick R M.A taxnonomic distinctness index and its statistical properties[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1998,35:523-531.
[17] Clarke K R,Warwick R M.A further biodiversity index applicable to species lists:Variation in taxonomic distinctness[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2001,216:265-278.
[18] Mouillot D,Laune J,Tomasini J A,et al.Assessment of coastal lagoon quality with taxonomic diversity indices of fish,zoobenthos and macrophyte communities[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,550(1):121-130.
[19] Leonard D R P,Clarke K R,Somerfield P J,et al.The application of an indicator based on taxonomic distinctness for UK marine biodiversity assessments[J].Journal of Environment Management,2006,78:52-62.
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[22]李娜娜,董丽娜,李永振,等.大亚湾海域鱼类分类多样性研究[J].水产学报,2011,35(6):863-870.Li N N,Dong L N,Li Y Z,et al.Taxonomic diversity of fish species in the Daya Bay,the South China Sea[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(6):863-870.
[23]孙冬芳,朱文聪,艾红,等.北部湾海域鱼类物种分类多样性研究[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(6):4-7.Sun D F,Zhu W C,Ai H,et al.Taxonomic diversity of fish species in Beibu Gulf[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2010,37(6):4-7.
[24]李永振,史赟荣,艾红,等.南海珊瑚礁海域鱼类分类多样性大尺度分布格局[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(3):619-628.Li Y Z,Shi Y R,Ai H,et al.Large scale distribution patterns of taxonomic diversity of fish in coral reef waters,South China Sea[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(3):619-628.
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[26] Mecklenburg CW,Mecklenburg TA,Thorsteinson LK.Fishes of Alaska[M].Maryland:American Fisheries Society,2002.
[27] Nelson J S.Fishes of the World(4th)[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,2006.
[28] World Register of Marine Species(WoRMS).Supporting the society for the management of electronic biodiversity data[DB/OL].(2012-01-01).http:/www.marinespecies.org.
[29] Zhang Y L.Coeeficient of similarity—an important parameter in floristic geography[J].Geographical Research,1998,17(4):429-434.
[30]李圣法.东海大陆架鱼类群落生态学研究—空间格局及其多样性[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005.Li S F.The Ecological Study for Fish Community in the East China Sea Continental Shelf—the Spatial Pattern and Diversity[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2005.
[31] Ricotta C,Avena G C.On the information-theoretical meaning of Hill’s parametric evenness[J].Acta Biotheoretica,2002,50(1):63-71.
[32]朱元鼎,金鑫波.中国杜父鱼类的地理分布和区系特征[J].海洋与湖沼,1965,7(3):235-252.Zhu Y D,Jin X B.The geographical distribution and faunal characteristics of Cottoid fishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1965,7(3):235-252.
[33]成庆泰.中国鲽形目鱼类地理分布及区系特征的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1963,5(4):346-352.Cheng Q T.The geographical distribution and faunal characteristics of Flatfishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1963,5(4):346-352.
[34] Chen Y J,Lin L S,Liao Y C,et al.Composition of fish species in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea and its responses to changes of ecological environment[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2013,35(2):113-125.
[35] Zang J Y,Tang Y X,Zou E M,et al.Analysis of Yellow Sea circulation[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,48(s1):7-15.
[36]王荣,高尚武,王克,等.冬季黄海暖流的浮游动物指示[J].水产学报,2003,27(b09):39-48.Wang R,Gao S W,Wang K,et al.Zooplankton indication of the Yellow Sea Warm Current in winter[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2003,27(b09):39-48.
[37] Mueter F J,Litzow M A.Sea ice retreat alters the biogeography of the Bering Sea continental shelf[J].Ecological Applications,2008,18(2):309-320.
[38] Shin P K S,Ellingsen K E.Spatial patterns of soft-sediment benthic diversity in subtropical Hong Kong waters[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2004,276:25-35.
[39] Ellingsen K E,Clarke K R,Somerfield P J,et al.Taxonomic distinctness as a measure of diversity applied over a large scale:The benthos of the Norwegian continental shelf[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,2005,74(6):1069-1079.
[40]陈国宝,李永振,陈新军.南海主要珊瑚礁水域的鱼类物种多样性研究[J].生物多样性,2007,15(4):373-381.Chen G B,Li Y Z,Chen X J.Species diversity of fishes in the coral reefs of South China Sea[J].Biodiversity Science,2007,15(4):373-381.
[41] Benzie J A H.Genetic structure of marine organisms and SE Asian biogeography[J].Biogeography and Geological Evolution of SE Asia,1998,30:197-209.
[42] Bevilacqua S,Fraschetti S,Terlizzi A,et al.The use of taxonomic distinctness indices in assessing patterns of biodiversity in modular organisms[J].Marine Ecology,2009,30(2):151-163.
[43] Dong J S,Xu J J.Seasonal variation of volume transport through straits around Japan Sea using variation algorithm[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2011(1):13-20.
[44] Zheng P N,Liu J,Yang Y Z,et al.Features water research progress in the Sea of Japan[J].Marine Forecasts,2011,28(2):63-37.
[45] Golikov A N,Dolgolenko M A,Maximovich N V,et al.Theoretical approaches to marine biogeography[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1990,63:289-301.
[46] Spalding M D,Fox H E,Allen G R,et al.Marine ecoregions of the world:A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas[J].BioScience,2007,57(7):573-583.
[47] Briggs J C,Bowen B W.A realignment of marine biogeographic provinces with particular reference to fish distributions[J].Journal of Biogeography,2012,39(1):12-30.
[48] Woodgate R A,Aagaard K.Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(2):177-202.
[49] Hunt G L,Blanchard A L,Boveng P,et al.The Barents and Chukchi Seas:Comparison of two Arctic shelf ecosystems[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2013,109:43-68.
[50] Stabeno P J,Schumacher J D,Ohtani K.The physical oceanography of the Bering Sea[C].//Loughlin T R,Ohtani K.Dynamics of the Bering Sea.USA:North Pacific Marine Science Organization(PICES)and University of Alaska Sea Grant,1999:1-28.
[51]陈大刚,焦燕.中日海洋鱼类与分布的比较研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),1997,27(3):305-312.Chen D G,Jiao Y.Comparative study of marine fishes and their distributions in the China and Japan Seas[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,1997,27(3):305-312.
[52] Briggs J C.Marine centres of origin as evolutionary engines[J].Journal of Biogeography,2003,30(1):1-18.
[53]朱元鼎,伍汉霖.中国虾虎鱼类动物地理学的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1965,7(2):122-140.Zhu Y D,Wu H L.A preliminary study of the zoogeography of Gobioid fishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1965,7(2):122-140.
[54]成庆泰.黄海和东海经济鱼类区系[J].海洋与湖沼,1959,2(1):53-60.Cheng Q T.Notes on the economic fish fauna of Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1959,2(1):53-60.
[2] Macdonald R.Awakenings in the Arctic[J].Nature,1996,380(6572):286-287.
[3] Duarte C M.Impacts of Global Warming on Polar Ecosystems[Z].Fundacion BBVA Bilbao,2008.
[4] Walsh J J,McRoy C P,Coachman L K,et al.Carbon and nitrogen cycling within the Bering/Chukchi Seas:Source regions for organic matter effecting AOU demands of the Arctic Ocean[J].Progress in Oceanography,1989,22(4):277-359.
[5] Springer A M,McROY C P,Flint M V.The Bering Sea green belt:Shelf-edge processes and ecosystem production[J].Fisheries Oceanography,1996,5(3-4):205-223.
[6] Lin L S,Liao Y C,Zhang J,et al.Composition and distribution of fish species collected during the fourth Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition in 2010[J].Advances in Polar Science,2012,23(2-English):116-127.
[7] Stroeve J,Holland M M,Meier W,et al.Arctic sea ice decline:Faster than forecast[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2007,34(9):1-11.
[8] Steele M,Ermold W,Zhang J.Arctic Ocean surface warming trends over the past 100years[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2008,35(2):2614.
[9]刘静,宁平.黄海鱼类组成、区系特征及历史变迁[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):764-769.Liu J,Ning P.Species composition and faunal characteristics of fishes in the Yellow Sea[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):764-769.
[10] Song P Q,Zhang J,Lin L S,et al.Nekton species composition and biodiversity in Taiwan Strait[J].Biodiversity Science,2012,20(1):32-40.
[11] Wang X Y,Zhao J P.Distribution and inter-annual variations of the cold water on the northern shelf of Bering Sea in summer[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2011,33(2):1-10.
[12] Gao G P,Dong Z Q,Shi M C.Water properties of the seas surveyed by Chinese first arctic research expedition in summer,1999[J].Chinese Journal of Polar Research,2003,15(1):11-20.
[13] Froese R,Pauly D.Fishbase[DB/OL].(2018-02-01)http:/www.fishbase.org.
[14] Bruce M.Global Species[DB/OL].(2012-01-01)http:/globalspecies.org.
[15] Warwick R M,Clarke K R.New‘biodiversity’measures reveal a decrease in taxonomic distinctness with increasing stress[J].Marine Ecology Progress,1995,129(1-3):301-305.
[16] Clarke K R,Warwick R M.A taxnonomic distinctness index and its statistical properties[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,1998,35:523-531.
[17] Clarke K R,Warwick R M.A further biodiversity index applicable to species lists:Variation in taxonomic distinctness[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2001,216:265-278.
[18] Mouillot D,Laune J,Tomasini J A,et al.Assessment of coastal lagoon quality with taxonomic diversity indices of fish,zoobenthos and macrophyte communities[J].Hydrobiologia,2005,550(1):121-130.
[19] Leonard D R P,Clarke K R,Somerfield P J,et al.The application of an indicator based on taxonomic distinctness for UK marine biodiversity assessments[J].Journal of Environment Management,2006,78:52-62.
[20] Tolimieri N,Anderson M J.Taxonomic distinctness of demersal fishes of the California current:moving beyond simple measures of diversity for marine ecosystem-based management[J].PLoS One,2010,5(5):e10653.
[21]徐宾铎,金显仕,梁振林.黄海鱼类群落分类学多样性的研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2005,35(4):629-634.Xu B D,Jin X S,Liang Z L.The taxonomic diversity of fish communities in the Yellow Sea[J].Periodical of Ocean University of China,2005,35(4):629-634.
[22]李娜娜,董丽娜,李永振,等.大亚湾海域鱼类分类多样性研究[J].水产学报,2011,35(6):863-870.Li N N,Dong L N,Li Y Z,et al.Taxonomic diversity of fish species in the Daya Bay,the South China Sea[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2011,35(6):863-870.
[23]孙冬芳,朱文聪,艾红,等.北部湾海域鱼类物种分类多样性研究[J].广东农业科学,2010,37(6):4-7.Sun D F,Zhu W C,Ai H,et al.Taxonomic diversity of fish species in Beibu Gulf[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2010,37(6):4-7.
[24]李永振,史赟荣,艾红,等.南海珊瑚礁海域鱼类分类多样性大尺度分布格局[J].中国水产科学,2011,18(3):619-628.Li Y Z,Shi Y R,Ai H,et al.Large scale distribution patterns of taxonomic diversity of fish in coral reef waters,South China Sea[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2011,18(3):619-628.
[25]中国国家标准化管理委员会.海洋调查规范—海洋生物调查[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2007.GB/T 12763.6—2007.State Bureau of Technical Supervise.GB/T 12763.6-2007.The Specification for Oceanographic Survey-Marine Biological Survey:[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2007.
[26] Mecklenburg CW,Mecklenburg TA,Thorsteinson LK.Fishes of Alaska[M].Maryland:American Fisheries Society,2002.
[27] Nelson J S.Fishes of the World(4th)[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,2006.
[28] World Register of Marine Species(WoRMS).Supporting the society for the management of electronic biodiversity data[DB/OL].(2012-01-01).http:/www.marinespecies.org.
[29] Zhang Y L.Coeeficient of similarity—an important parameter in floristic geography[J].Geographical Research,1998,17(4):429-434.
[30]李圣法.东海大陆架鱼类群落生态学研究—空间格局及其多样性[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005.Li S F.The Ecological Study for Fish Community in the East China Sea Continental Shelf—the Spatial Pattern and Diversity[D].Shanghai:East China Normal University,2005.
[31] Ricotta C,Avena G C.On the information-theoretical meaning of Hill’s parametric evenness[J].Acta Biotheoretica,2002,50(1):63-71.
[32]朱元鼎,金鑫波.中国杜父鱼类的地理分布和区系特征[J].海洋与湖沼,1965,7(3):235-252.Zhu Y D,Jin X B.The geographical distribution and faunal characteristics of Cottoid fishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1965,7(3):235-252.
[33]成庆泰.中国鲽形目鱼类地理分布及区系特征的研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1963,5(4):346-352.Cheng Q T.The geographical distribution and faunal characteristics of Flatfishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1963,5(4):346-352.
[34] Chen Y J,Lin L S,Liao Y C,et al.Composition of fish species in Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea and its responses to changes of ecological environment[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2013,35(2):113-125.
[35] Zang J Y,Tang Y X,Zou E M,et al.Analysis of Yellow Sea circulation[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2001,48(s1):7-15.
[36]王荣,高尚武,王克,等.冬季黄海暖流的浮游动物指示[J].水产学报,2003,27(b09):39-48.Wang R,Gao S W,Wang K,et al.Zooplankton indication of the Yellow Sea Warm Current in winter[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2003,27(b09):39-48.
[37] Mueter F J,Litzow M A.Sea ice retreat alters the biogeography of the Bering Sea continental shelf[J].Ecological Applications,2008,18(2):309-320.
[38] Shin P K S,Ellingsen K E.Spatial patterns of soft-sediment benthic diversity in subtropical Hong Kong waters[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,2004,276:25-35.
[39] Ellingsen K E,Clarke K R,Somerfield P J,et al.Taxonomic distinctness as a measure of diversity applied over a large scale:The benthos of the Norwegian continental shelf[J].Journal of Animal Ecology,2005,74(6):1069-1079.
[40]陈国宝,李永振,陈新军.南海主要珊瑚礁水域的鱼类物种多样性研究[J].生物多样性,2007,15(4):373-381.Chen G B,Li Y Z,Chen X J.Species diversity of fishes in the coral reefs of South China Sea[J].Biodiversity Science,2007,15(4):373-381.
[41] Benzie J A H.Genetic structure of marine organisms and SE Asian biogeography[J].Biogeography and Geological Evolution of SE Asia,1998,30:197-209.
[42] Bevilacqua S,Fraschetti S,Terlizzi A,et al.The use of taxonomic distinctness indices in assessing patterns of biodiversity in modular organisms[J].Marine Ecology,2009,30(2):151-163.
[43] Dong J S,Xu J J.Seasonal variation of volume transport through straits around Japan Sea using variation algorithm[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2011(1):13-20.
[44] Zheng P N,Liu J,Yang Y Z,et al.Features water research progress in the Sea of Japan[J].Marine Forecasts,2011,28(2):63-37.
[45] Golikov A N,Dolgolenko M A,Maximovich N V,et al.Theoretical approaches to marine biogeography[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series,1990,63:289-301.
[46] Spalding M D,Fox H E,Allen G R,et al.Marine ecoregions of the world:A bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas[J].BioScience,2007,57(7):573-583.
[47] Briggs J C,Bowen B W.A realignment of marine biogeographic provinces with particular reference to fish distributions[J].Journal of Biogeography,2012,39(1):12-30.
[48] Woodgate R A,Aagaard K.Revising the Bering Strait freshwater flux into the Arctic Ocean[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(2):177-202.
[49] Hunt G L,Blanchard A L,Boveng P,et al.The Barents and Chukchi Seas:Comparison of two Arctic shelf ecosystems[J].Journal of Marine Systems,2013,109:43-68.
[50] Stabeno P J,Schumacher J D,Ohtani K.The physical oceanography of the Bering Sea[C].//Loughlin T R,Ohtani K.Dynamics of the Bering Sea.USA:North Pacific Marine Science Organization(PICES)and University of Alaska Sea Grant,1999:1-28.
[51]陈大刚,焦燕.中日海洋鱼类与分布的比较研究[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),1997,27(3):305-312.Chen D G,Jiao Y.Comparative study of marine fishes and their distributions in the China and Japan Seas[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,1997,27(3):305-312.
[52] Briggs J C.Marine centres of origin as evolutionary engines[J].Journal of Biogeography,2003,30(1):1-18.
[53]朱元鼎,伍汉霖.中国虾虎鱼类动物地理学的初步研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1965,7(2):122-140.Zhu Y D,Wu H L.A preliminary study of the zoogeography of Gobioid fishes of China[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1965,7(2):122-140.
[54]成庆泰.黄海和东海经济鱼类区系[J].海洋与湖沼,1959,2(1):53-60.Cheng Q T.Notes on the economic fish fauna of Yellow Sea and East China Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1959,2(1):53-60.
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