桂糖43号在不同施肥量与种植密度下的生长表现
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摘要
为确定甘蔗品种桂糖43号最佳施肥量与种植密度,为生产上推广种植该品种提供依据。本试验采用施肥量与种植密度两因素裂区试验,施肥量为主区,设3个施用复合肥水平,分别为562.5、1875、2625kg/ha,种植密度为副区,设7.4、9.1、10.5、13.6万芽/ha4个水平,调查各处理甘蔗萌芽率、分蘖率、株高、茎径、有效茎数、产量等性状,分析不同施肥量与种植密度对产量及构成因素的影响。结果表明不同施肥量处理的桂糖43号萌芽率,分蘖率,茎径和公顷有效茎数都没显著差异,低肥处理产量最高。不同种植密度处理产量差异显著,中高种植密度(10.5万芽/ha)产量最高。在施肥量和种植密度互作下,A3B4产量最高。综合成本和经济收入方面,单从施肥量考虑,施复合肥562.5kg/ha收入最高;单从种植密度考虑,下种量10.5万芽/ha收入最高;从施肥量和种植密度互作方面考虑,施复合肥562.5kg/ha,种植密度为9.1万芽/ha收入最高。
The present research was conducted to determine the optimal fertilizer rate and planting density of sugarcane variety GT43 to provide references for extending this variety in sugarcane production. In this experiment,Split-plot experiment with two factors(fertilizer rate and planting density)was designed to investigate sugarcane agronomic traits,such as sprouting rate,tiller rate,plant height,stalk diameter,number of millable stalks,yield,at etc.,for analyzing the effects of 3 fertilizer rates(562.5,1875 and2625 kg/ha)and 4 planting densities(7.4×10~4、9.1×10~4、10.5×10~4、13.6×10~4 buds/ha)on sugarcane yield and its components. The results showed that there were no significant differences in germination rate,tillering rate,stem diameter and number of millable stalks among different fertilization treatments,but the yield of low fertilizer treatment was the highest. Medium-high planting density(10.5×10~4 buds/ha)presented the highest yield in different planting density treatments. The interaction between fertilizer and densities treatments showed the highest yield was A3B4. comprehensive costs and economic income,the fertilizer rate of 562.5 kg/ha presented the highest income while considering the fertilizer alone,the plant density of 10.5×10~4 bud/ha showed the highest income while considering the planting density alone,the fertilizer rate of 562.5 kg/ha and plant density of 9.1×10~4 bud/ha was the highest income while considering the interaction between fertilization and planting density.
The present research was conducted to determine the optimal fertilizer rate and planting density of sugarcane variety GT43 to provide references for extending this variety in sugarcane production. In this experiment,Split-plot experiment with two factors(fertilizer rate and planting density)was designed to investigate sugarcane agronomic traits,such as sprouting rate,tiller rate,plant height,stalk diameter,number of millable stalks,yield,at etc.,for analyzing the effects of 3 fertilizer rates(562.5,1875 and2625 kg/ha)and 4 planting densities(7.4×10~4、9.1×10~4、10.5×10~4、13.6×10~4 buds/ha)on sugarcane yield and its components. The results showed that there were no significant differences in germination rate,tillering rate,stem diameter and number of millable stalks among different fertilization treatments,but the yield of low fertilizer treatment was the highest. Medium-high planting density(10.5×10~4 buds/ha)presented the highest yield in different planting density treatments. The interaction between fertilizer and densities treatments showed the highest yield was A3B4. comprehensive costs and economic income,the fertilizer rate of 562.5 kg/ha presented the highest income while considering the fertilizer alone,the plant density of 10.5×10~4 bud/ha showed the highest income while considering the planting density alone,the fertilizer rate of 562.5 kg/ha and plant density of 9.1×10~4 bud/ha was the highest income while considering the interaction between fertilization and planting density.
引文
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[9]谭芳,经艳,王伦旺等.不同施肥量和种植密度对桂糖32号甘蔗蔗糖分和产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,32(5):1055-1059.
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[11]陆文娟,韦贵剑,梁景文,等.不同种植密度对甘蔗品种桂糖32号产量及构成因子的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(27):62-66.
[12]K.F.Rene Ng Kee Kwong,唐其展.广西甘蔗肥料需用量[J].广西糖业,2017(2):8-11.
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[15]蓝立斌,陈超君,米超,罗艺,梁和,王爱华,韦玉奇.不同施氮方式对甘蔗生理生化性状的影响[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(1):26-29.
[16]曾维宾,刘永贤,梁鸿宁.桂中蔗区不同施氮水平对甘蔗生长与产量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(5):62-64.
[17]陆建勋,邓展云,刘晓静,等.不同种植密度对桂糖系列甘蔗新品种农艺性状及产量的影响[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(11):1170-1172.
[18]裴铁雄,陈永,黄培强,兰靖,韩世健,陆国盈.甘蔗新品种的不同种植密度试验研究[J].中国糖料,2014(4):6-10.
[19]段维兴,刘许辉,杨海霞,等.施肥量与种植密度对桂糖29号产量及构成因素的影响[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(8):1145-1148.
[2]欧阳静,权明,黄海松等.迁江蔗区甘蔗品种试验结果初报[J].广西糖业,2017,2(1):15-19.
[3]梁修延,容发清.桂中春植蔗新品种对比试验[J].园艺学,2016,4:89-95.
[4]廖青,江泽普,邢颖,等.不同肥料处理对两个甘蔗新品种生长、产量及土壤性状的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(9):1596-1601.
[5]许文龙,莫权芳,黄春华,等.气候因子变化对广西上思县甘蔗产量影响分析[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(12):2146-2152.
[6]陆章流.单位面积甘蔗产量与有效茎数的关系初探[J].广西蔗糖,2006(3):19-21.
[7]沈有信,邓纯章,侯建苹.氮磷钾肥对甘蔗产量和含糖量的影响[J].云南农业大学学报,1998,13(2):214-218.
[8]邓展云,刘海斌,徐林等.不同施肥水平对甘蔗新品种生长的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(11):6482-6483,6523.
[9]谭芳,经艳,王伦旺等.不同施肥量和种植密度对桂糖32号甘蔗蔗糖分和产量的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2016,32(5):1055-1059.
[10]段维兴,刘昔辉,杨海霞,等.施肥量与种植密度对桂糖29号产量及构成因素的影响[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(8):1145-1148.
[11]陆文娟,韦贵剑,梁景文,等.不同种植密度对甘蔗品种桂糖32号产量及构成因子的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(27):62-66.
[12]K.F.Rene Ng Kee Kwong,唐其展.广西甘蔗肥料需用量[J].广西糖业,2017(2):8-11.
[13]刘晓静,邓展云,刘海斌,等.不同施肥处理对甘蔗新品种农艺性状的影响[J].中国糖料,2012(1):25-26.
[14]陈玉水,张树河,吴水金.合理密植是甘蔗增产的技术关键[J].中国糖料,2008(1):55-56.
[15]蓝立斌,陈超君,米超,罗艺,梁和,王爱华,韦玉奇.不同施氮方式对甘蔗生理生化性状的影响[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(1):26-29.
[16]曾维宾,刘永贤,梁鸿宁.桂中蔗区不同施氮水平对甘蔗生长与产量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2012,39(5):62-64.
[17]陆建勋,邓展云,刘晓静,等.不同种植密度对桂糖系列甘蔗新品种农艺性状及产量的影响[J].广西农业科学,2010,41(11):1170-1172.
[18]裴铁雄,陈永,黄培强,兰靖,韩世健,陆国盈.甘蔗新品种的不同种植密度试验研究[J].中国糖料,2014(4):6-10.
[19]段维兴,刘许辉,杨海霞,等.施肥量与种植密度对桂糖29号产量及构成因素的影响[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(8):1145-1148.