陵水湾浮游动物群落结构特征及其季节变化
|
摘要
为了探明陵水湾浮游动物饵料情况,本研究依据2014年11月(秋季)、2015年5月(春季)、8月(夏季)和2016年1月(冬季)陵水湾4个航次的调查资料,分析了该海湾浮游动物的种类组成、优势种、丰度和生物量、生物多样性等群落结构特征及其影响因素。调查共发现浮游动物94种和浮游幼虫21类,其中桡足类(Copepoda)最多,有38种,其次是水螅水母类(Hydromedusae)11种,毛颚类(Chaetognatha)8种,其余类群种类数在1～6种之间。浮游动物群落主要由广温广盐类群、暖水沿岸类群和暖水外海类群组成,优势种主要分布在前两个类群,无全年优势种;浮游幼虫是陵水湾的重要类群,丰度呈现为冬季(低温)高于春季(高温)。与亚热带海域不同,低温已不再是制约陵水湾海洋生物生长的主要因子。浮游动物丰度和生物量均呈现为秋季最高,春季最低,冬季高于夏季。浮游动物群落物种Shannon-Wiener指数(H￠)和均匀度指数(J￠)的变化趋势一致,表现为春夏季高,秋冬季低,湾外高,湾内低。聚类分析结果表明,陵水湾浮游动物可分为湾内和湾外两个群落,主要受地形阻隔所致。盐度与浮游动物丰度和生物量均呈显著负相关关系,是浮游动物季节变化的主要影响因子之一。根据陵水湾浮游动物年均生物量估算出浮游动物提供的渔产潜力为2.24×10~4 kg。陵水湾浮游动物丰度呈现剧烈的季节变化,有必要对其进行长期的跟踪监测。
Based on the data obtained from four cruises in November(autumn) 2014, May(spring) and August(summer) 2015, and January(winter) 2016, the structure of zooplankton community in Lingshui Bay, including species composition, abundance, dominant species, and species diversity, was studied. A total of 94 zooplankton species and 21 types of pelagic larvae were identified. The most dominant group of zooplankton was copepods(38 species), followed by hydromedusae(11 species), and Chaetognatha(8 species), accounting for 40.43%, 11.70%, and 8.51% of the total species, respectively. The remaining groups were represented by 1 to 6 species per group. Based on species composition and ecological distribution, the zooplankton community in Lingshui Bay mainly comprised three ecological groups, including eurythermal euryhaline group, warm water coastal group, and warm water pelagic group; the dominant species were distributed mainly in the former two groups. No dominant species was widespread throughout all the seasons. Appendiculata was the only dominant group all year-round. Pelagic larvae formed an important group in Lingshui Bay. Their abundance in winter(lower water temperature) was higher than in spring(higher water temperature), which was different from that in subtropical waters. This suggests that in Lingshui Bay, lower seawater temperature was no longer the main factor determining zooplankton abundance. The abundance and biomass of zooplankton were highest in autumn, followed by winter, summer, and finally, spring. Both the species diversity indices were consistent in seasonal and horizontal variation, being higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter, and higher in the outer bay than the inner bay. Two communities, from the inner and outer bays, were identified by clustering analysis, which can be mainly attributed to the barrier caused by the terrain. Furthermore, we measured temperature, salinity, concentration of chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance, and concentration of dissolved oxygen and determined the responses of the zooplankton community to these factors. Salinity was the primary factor influencing zooplankton community structure in Lingshui Bay, based on Pearson's correlation analysis. Based on the annual biomass of zooplankton in Lingshui Bay, potential productivity of zooplankton was estimated to be 2.24×10~4 kg. The abundance of zooplankton in Lingshui Bay has changed dramatically with different seasons. Thus, it is necessary to continuously monitor zooplankton abundance in Lingshui Bay over a long period to better understand the actual prey situation.
Based on the data obtained from four cruises in November(autumn) 2014, May(spring) and August(summer) 2015, and January(winter) 2016, the structure of zooplankton community in Lingshui Bay, including species composition, abundance, dominant species, and species diversity, was studied. A total of 94 zooplankton species and 21 types of pelagic larvae were identified. The most dominant group of zooplankton was copepods(38 species), followed by hydromedusae(11 species), and Chaetognatha(8 species), accounting for 40.43%, 11.70%, and 8.51% of the total species, respectively. The remaining groups were represented by 1 to 6 species per group. Based on species composition and ecological distribution, the zooplankton community in Lingshui Bay mainly comprised three ecological groups, including eurythermal euryhaline group, warm water coastal group, and warm water pelagic group; the dominant species were distributed mainly in the former two groups. No dominant species was widespread throughout all the seasons. Appendiculata was the only dominant group all year-round. Pelagic larvae formed an important group in Lingshui Bay. Their abundance in winter(lower water temperature) was higher than in spring(higher water temperature), which was different from that in subtropical waters. This suggests that in Lingshui Bay, lower seawater temperature was no longer the main factor determining zooplankton abundance. The abundance and biomass of zooplankton were highest in autumn, followed by winter, summer, and finally, spring. Both the species diversity indices were consistent in seasonal and horizontal variation, being higher in spring and summer than in autumn and winter, and higher in the outer bay than the inner bay. Two communities, from the inner and outer bays, were identified by clustering analysis, which can be mainly attributed to the barrier caused by the terrain. Furthermore, we measured temperature, salinity, concentration of chlorophyll a, phytoplankton abundance, and concentration of dissolved oxygen and determined the responses of the zooplankton community to these factors. Salinity was the primary factor influencing zooplankton community structure in Lingshui Bay, based on Pearson's correlation analysis. Based on the annual biomass of zooplankton in Lingshui Bay, potential productivity of zooplankton was estimated to be 2.24×10~4 kg. The abundance of zooplankton in Lingshui Bay has changed dramatically with different seasons. Thus, it is necessary to continuously monitor zooplankton abundance in Lingshui Bay over a long period to better understand the actual prey situation.
引文
[1]Gong W P,Wang Y P,Wang D R,et al.Hydrodynamics under combined action of wave and tide and its implication for the sediment dynamics in Xincun tidal inlet,Hainan[J].Journal of Marine Sciences,2008,26(2):1-12.[龚文平,汪亚平,王道儒,等.海南新村港潮汐汊道波流联合作用下的动力特征及其沉积动力学意义[J].海洋学研究,2008,26(2):1-12.]
[2]Gong W P,Shen J,Chen B.Obtaining water elevation in the lagoon and cross-sectionally averaged velocity of the tidalinlet by using one-dimensional hydraulic equation-a case study in Xincun inlet Linshui,Hainan,China[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2007,26(3):301-313.[龚文平,Shen Jian,陈斌.用一维水力学方程求取潟湖水位及潮汐汊道断面流速--以海南陵水新村港为例[J].台湾海峡,2007,26(3):301-313.]
[3]Gong W P,Shen J,Wang D R.Mean water level setup/set down in the inlet-lagoon system induced by tidal action-a case study of Xincun Inlet,Hainan Island in China[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2008,27(5):63-80.
[4]Gong W P,Chen M H,Wen X J,et al.Evolution and stability of Xincun tidal inlet,Lingshui county,Hainan province[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2004,23(4):25-32.[龚文平,陈明和,温晓骥,等.海南陵水新村港潮汐汊道演变及其稳定性分析[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(4):25-32.]
[5]Gong W P,Wang D R.Stability analysis and equilibrium area calculation of tidal inlet-A case study in Xincun inlet,Lingshui Hainan Island[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2006,25(4):31-41.[龚文平,王道儒.潮汐汊道均衡断面面积计算与稳定性分析中的问题--以海南陵水新村为例[J].热带海洋学报,2006,25(4):31-41.]
[6]Chen S Q,Zhang G X,Wu Z J,et al.The distribution characteristics and the pollution evaluation of the heavy metals in the surface sediments of Xincun lagoon[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2014(4):144-152.[陈石泉,张光星,吴钟解,等.新村港表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].海洋湖沼通报,2014(4):144-152.]
[7]Han T S,Wan L,Xu X B.Characteristics of the phytoplankton community in Xincun Harbour,Lingshui,Hainan[J].Journal of Tropical Organisms,2012,3(2):180-185.[韩涛生,万莉,许小贝.海南陵水新村港浮游植物群落特征分析[J].热带生物学报,2012,3(2):180-185.]
[8]Zheng Z,Li S J,Xu Z Z.Marine Planktology[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1984.[郑重,李少菁,许振祖.海洋浮游生物学[M].北京:海洋出版社,1984.]
[9]Zhang C X,Gong Y Y,Sun X L,et al.Zooplankton community in the coastal zone of Leizhou Peninsula in summer2010[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,36(4):91-99.[张才学,龚玉艳,孙省利,等.2010年夏季雷州半岛沿岸海域浮游动物群落结构特征[J].海洋学报,2014,36(4):91-99.]
[10]Xu Z L,Chen Y Q.Aggregated intensity of dominant species of zooplankton in autumn in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,1989,8(4):13-15.[徐兆礼,陈亚瞿.东黄海秋季浮游动物优势种聚集强度与鲐鲹渔场的关系[J].生态学杂志,1989,8(4):13-15.]
[11]Shannon C E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[M].Urbana IL:University of Illinois Press,1949.
[12]Pielou E C.An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience,1969:1-286.
[13]He Z H,Li Y H.Studies on the plankton in Qinhe Reservoir[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1983,8(1):71-84.[何志辉,李永函.清河水库的浮游生物[J].水生生物学集刊,1983,8(1):71-84.]
[14]Ding N.Research of water environment and carring capacity in the west Yangcheng Lake[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[丁娜.阳澄西湖水环境及其养殖容量的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[15]Du F Y,Wang X H,Lin Z J.The characteristics of summer zooplankton community in the Meiji Coral Reef,Nansha Islands,South China Sea[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1014-1021.[杜飞雁,王雪辉,林昭进.南沙群岛美济礁海域夏季浮游动物群落特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1014-1021.]
[16]Zhou H,Zhang Z N.Rationale of the multivariate statistical software PRIMER and its application in benthic community ecology[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,2003,33(1):58-64.[周红,张志南.大型多元统计软件PRIM ER的方法原理及其在底栖群落生态学中的应用[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1):58-64.]
[17]Jia X P,Li C H,Chen Z Z,et al.Management Strategy of Fishery Resources and Its Ecological System in the Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2012.[贾晓平,李纯厚,陈作志,等.南海北部近海渔业资源及其生态系统水平管理策略[M].北京:海洋出版社,2012.]
[18]Zhang G X,Chen S Q,Chen D D,et al.The relationship between zooplankton and the environment factors in the coastal waters of Hannan Island in the early summer[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,36(12):125-132.[张光星,陈石泉,陈丹丹,等.海南岛近岸海域夏初浮游动物与环境因子的关系[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):125-132.]
[19]Shao Q W,Liu Z S,Zhang J,et al.Seasonal variation in zooplankton community structure in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(2):683-691.[邵倩文,刘镇盛,章菁,等.长江口及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构及季节变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):683-691.]
[20]Luo X,Zeng J N,Xu X Q,et al.Distribution of zooplankton in the Zhoushan Sea and its relationship with environmental factors in summer and autumn[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(24):8194-8204.[骆鑫,曾江宁,徐晓群,等.舟山海域夏、秋季浮游动物的分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2016,36(24):8194-8204.]
[21]Yin J Q,Zhang G X,Tan Y H,et al.Species composition and quantitative distribution of zooplankton in Sanya Bay,Hainan Province,China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2004,23(5):1-9.[尹健强,张谷贤,谭烨辉,等.三亚湾浮游动物的种类组成与数量分布[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(5):1-9.]
[22]Shi X,Wang H K,Tan Y H,et al.Seasonal variation of zooplankton community structure and species composition in the Sanya Bay[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2007,26(4):42-49.[时翔,王汉奎,谭烨辉,等.三亚湾浮游动物数量分布及群落特征的季节变化[J].海洋通报,2007,26(4):42-49.]
[23]Ke Z X,Huang L M,Tan Y H,et al.Plankton community structure and diversity in coral reefs area of Sanya Bay,Hainan Province,China[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):696-701.[柯志新,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.三亚珊瑚礁分布海区浮游生物的群落结构[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):696-701.]
[24]Zhang C X,Zhou K,Sun X L,et al.Community structure and seasonal variation of the zooplankton in Shenzhen Bay[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(11):2686-2692.[张才学,周凯,孙省利,等.深圳湾浮游动物的群落结构及季节变化[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2686-2692.]
[25]Zhang C X,Sun X L,Chen C L,et al.Community structure and seasonal changes of the zooplankton in the seaweed-field area of the Liusha bay[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(5):1386-1394.[张才学,孙省利,陈春亮,等.流沙湾海草床海域浮游动物的群落结构和季节变化[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(5):1386-1394.]
[26]Gong Y Y,Chen Z Z,Huang Z R.Comparative analysis on community structure of zooplankton in different sea areas of Guangdong seacoast[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2015,46(11):2026-2033.[龚玉艳,陈作志,黄梓荣.广东沿岸不同海域浮游动物群落结构的比较分析[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(11):2026-2033.]
[27]Wang X F,Li C H,Liao X L,et al.Community structure and environmental adaptation of the planktonic larvae in Beibu Gulf[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2010,19(4):529-534.[王学锋,李纯厚,廖秀丽,等.北部湾浮游幼虫群落结构及其环境适应性分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(4):529-534.]
[28]Xu Z L,Zhang F Y.Species distribution and diversity of Appendicularia in the East China Sea[J].Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2006,15(3):286-291.[徐兆礼,张凤英.东海有尾类种类分布和多样性[J].上海水产大学学报,2006,15(3):286-291.]
[29]Zhang D R,Xu Z L,Xu J Y.Comparison of zooplankton communities inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn[J].Biodiversity Science,2016,24(7):767-780.[张冬融,徐兆礼,徐佳奕,等.杭州湾内外海域秋季浮游动物群落的比较[J].生物多样性,2016,24(7):767-780.]
[30]Wang J,Liang Y L.An estimation of the potential productivity and stocking rate of fingerlings of silver and bighead carps in Donghu by means of phytoplankton production[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1981,5(4):343-350.[王骥,梁彦龄.用浮游植物的生产量估算武昌东湖鲢鳙生产潜力与鱼种放养量的探讨[J].水产学报,1981,5(4):343-350.]
[31]Chang Y.Research of eutrophication and fishery utilizationin in Changyang Lake,Wujiang,Jiangsu Province[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2013.[常毅.江苏吴江市长漾湖富营养化与渔业利用研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.]
[32]He W.The assess of fishery ecological environment and countermeasures of resources enhancement in lake Changdang[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[何玮.长荡湖渔业生态环境评估及资源增殖对策[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[33]Li X Z.Current situation,problems and countermeasures of fishery resources in Hongze Lake[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[李孝珍.洪泽湖渔业资源现状、问题及对策[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[34]Yan Y R,Zhu G S,Zhang Y M,et al.The impacts of natural fishes as cage culture feeds on fishery resources in South China Sea-taking Lingshui Port for example[C]//Abstracts Collection at the Annual Academic Meeting of the Chinese Society of Fisheries,2013:164.[颜云榕,朱高松,张宇美,等.天然鱼类作为网箱养殖饲料对南海渔业资源的影响--以海南陵水湾为例[Z].中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集,2013:164.]
[35]Guo P Y,Shen H T,Liu A C,et al.Factors controlling abundance and distribution of mesozooplankton and microzooplankton in Yangtze River Estuary[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(8):3517-3526.[郭沛涌,沈焕庭,刘阿成,等.长江河口中小型浮游动物数量分布、变动及主要影响因素[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3517-3526.]
[36]Lin L M,Xu F,Lin J.Effects of various salinities to growth and development of Acartia spinicauda[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,1998,17(S1):53-55.[林利民,许峰,林君.盐度对刺尾纺锤水蚤生长发育的影响[J].台湾海峡,1998,17(S1):53-55.]
[37]Jiang H C,Chen H G,Song X K,et al.Zooplankton community structure in Jincheng area of Laizhou Bay and its relationship with environmental factors[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(22):7308-7319.[姜会超,陈海刚,宋秀凯,等.莱州湾金城海域浮游动物群落结构及与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2015,35(22):7308-7319.]
[38]Jin Q B,Sheng L X,Zhang R.The influence of temperature on the zooplankton community[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University,1991(4):103-111.[金琼贝,盛连喜,张然.温度对浮游动物群落的影响[J].东北师大学报自然科学版,1991(4):103-111.]
[39]Huang J Q,Zheng Z.The relation of copepods to salinity in the estuary of Jiulong river[J].Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),1984,23(4):497-505.[黄加祺,郑重.九龙江口桡足类和盐度关系的初步研究[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),1984,23(4):497-505.]
[40]Jiang S,Huang C J,Chen S W,et al.Community structure and temporal and spatial distribution of zooplankton in Zhelin Bay,China(2000~2001)[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2002,22(6):828-840.[姜胜,黄长江,陈善文,等.2000~2001年柘林湾浮游动物的群落结构及时空分布[J].生态学报,2002,22(6):828-840.]
[41]Huang C J,Chen S W,He X,et al.Ecological study of zooplankton in Zhenlin Bay of eastern Guangdong:2001-2002[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2003,34(2):117-130.[黄长江,陈善文,何歆,等.2001-2002年粤东柘林湾浮游动物的生态学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2003,34(2):117-130.]
[42]Zhou K.Ecological studies on the large-scale mariculture in Zhelin bay and Shen’ao bay in the east of Guangdong:2000-2001[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2002.[周凯.2000~2001年粤东大规模增养殖区柘林湾和深澳湾的生态学研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2002.]
[43]Liu Z H.Community characteristics of zooplankton in the mariculture area of Aotou,Daya Bay[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2006.[刘中华.大亚湾澳头养殖海域浮游动物群落结构特征[D].广州:暨南大学,2006.]
[44]Huang W J,Qi Y Z,Zhu C J,et al.Model of changing ratio of the population densities dynamics of Noctiluca scintillans(Ehr.)macartney in Dapeng Bay,South China Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(1):29-33.[黄伟建,齐雨藻,朱从举,等.大鹏湾夜光藻种群密度变化率动态模型研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(1):29-33.]
[2]Gong W P,Shen J,Chen B.Obtaining water elevation in the lagoon and cross-sectionally averaged velocity of the tidalinlet by using one-dimensional hydraulic equation-a case study in Xincun inlet Linshui,Hainan,China[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,2007,26(3):301-313.[龚文平,Shen Jian,陈斌.用一维水力学方程求取潟湖水位及潮汐汊道断面流速--以海南陵水新村港为例[J].台湾海峡,2007,26(3):301-313.]
[3]Gong W P,Shen J,Wang D R.Mean water level setup/set down in the inlet-lagoon system induced by tidal action-a case study of Xincun Inlet,Hainan Island in China[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2008,27(5):63-80.
[4]Gong W P,Chen M H,Wen X J,et al.Evolution and stability of Xincun tidal inlet,Lingshui county,Hainan province[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2004,23(4):25-32.[龚文平,陈明和,温晓骥,等.海南陵水新村港潮汐汊道演变及其稳定性分析[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(4):25-32.]
[5]Gong W P,Wang D R.Stability analysis and equilibrium area calculation of tidal inlet-A case study in Xincun inlet,Lingshui Hainan Island[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2006,25(4):31-41.[龚文平,王道儒.潮汐汊道均衡断面面积计算与稳定性分析中的问题--以海南陵水新村为例[J].热带海洋学报,2006,25(4):31-41.]
[6]Chen S Q,Zhang G X,Wu Z J,et al.The distribution characteristics and the pollution evaluation of the heavy metals in the surface sediments of Xincun lagoon[J].Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology,2014(4):144-152.[陈石泉,张光星,吴钟解,等.新村港表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].海洋湖沼通报,2014(4):144-152.]
[7]Han T S,Wan L,Xu X B.Characteristics of the phytoplankton community in Xincun Harbour,Lingshui,Hainan[J].Journal of Tropical Organisms,2012,3(2):180-185.[韩涛生,万莉,许小贝.海南陵水新村港浮游植物群落特征分析[J].热带生物学报,2012,3(2):180-185.]
[8]Zheng Z,Li S J,Xu Z Z.Marine Planktology[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,1984.[郑重,李少菁,许振祖.海洋浮游生物学[M].北京:海洋出版社,1984.]
[9]Zhang C X,Gong Y Y,Sun X L,et al.Zooplankton community in the coastal zone of Leizhou Peninsula in summer2010[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,36(4):91-99.[张才学,龚玉艳,孙省利,等.2010年夏季雷州半岛沿岸海域浮游动物群落结构特征[J].海洋学报,2014,36(4):91-99.]
[10]Xu Z L,Chen Y Q.Aggregated intensity of dominant species of zooplankton in autumn in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,1989,8(4):13-15.[徐兆礼,陈亚瞿.东黄海秋季浮游动物优势种聚集强度与鲐鲹渔场的关系[J].生态学杂志,1989,8(4):13-15.]
[11]Shannon C E,Weaver W.The Mathematical Theory of Communication[M].Urbana IL:University of Illinois Press,1949.
[12]Pielou E C.An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology[M].New York:Wiley-Interscience,1969:1-286.
[13]He Z H,Li Y H.Studies on the plankton in Qinhe Reservoir[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,1983,8(1):71-84.[何志辉,李永函.清河水库的浮游生物[J].水生生物学集刊,1983,8(1):71-84.]
[14]Ding N.Research of water environment and carring capacity in the west Yangcheng Lake[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[丁娜.阳澄西湖水环境及其养殖容量的研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[15]Du F Y,Wang X H,Lin Z J.The characteristics of summer zooplankton community in the Meiji Coral Reef,Nansha Islands,South China Sea[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1014-1021.[杜飞雁,王雪辉,林昭进.南沙群岛美济礁海域夏季浮游动物群落特征[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1014-1021.]
[16]Zhou H,Zhang Z N.Rationale of the multivariate statistical software PRIMER and its application in benthic community ecology[J].Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao,2003,33(1):58-64.[周红,张志南.大型多元统计软件PRIM ER的方法原理及其在底栖群落生态学中的应用[J].青岛海洋大学学报,2003,33(1):58-64.]
[17]Jia X P,Li C H,Chen Z Z,et al.Management Strategy of Fishery Resources and Its Ecological System in the Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press,2012.[贾晓平,李纯厚,陈作志,等.南海北部近海渔业资源及其生态系统水平管理策略[M].北京:海洋出版社,2012.]
[18]Zhang G X,Chen S Q,Chen D D,et al.The relationship between zooplankton and the environment factors in the coastal waters of Hannan Island in the early summer[J].Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2014,36(12):125-132.[张光星,陈石泉,陈丹丹,等.海南岛近岸海域夏初浮游动物与环境因子的关系[J].海洋学报,2014,36(12):125-132.]
[19]Shao Q W,Liu Z S,Zhang J,et al.Seasonal variation in zooplankton community structure in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(2):683-691.[邵倩文,刘镇盛,章菁,等.长江口及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构及季节变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):683-691.]
[20]Luo X,Zeng J N,Xu X Q,et al.Distribution of zooplankton in the Zhoushan Sea and its relationship with environmental factors in summer and autumn[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(24):8194-8204.[骆鑫,曾江宁,徐晓群,等.舟山海域夏、秋季浮游动物的分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2016,36(24):8194-8204.]
[21]Yin J Q,Zhang G X,Tan Y H,et al.Species composition and quantitative distribution of zooplankton in Sanya Bay,Hainan Province,China[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2004,23(5):1-9.[尹健强,张谷贤,谭烨辉,等.三亚湾浮游动物的种类组成与数量分布[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(5):1-9.]
[22]Shi X,Wang H K,Tan Y H,et al.Seasonal variation of zooplankton community structure and species composition in the Sanya Bay[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2007,26(4):42-49.[时翔,王汉奎,谭烨辉,等.三亚湾浮游动物数量分布及群落特征的季节变化[J].海洋通报,2007,26(4):42-49.]
[23]Ke Z X,Huang L M,Tan Y H,et al.Plankton community structure and diversity in coral reefs area of Sanya Bay,Hainan Province,China[J].Biodiversity Science,2011,19(6):696-701.[柯志新,黄良民,谭烨辉,等.三亚珊瑚礁分布海区浮游生物的群落结构[J].生物多样性,2011,19(6):696-701.]
[24]Zhang C X,Zhou K,Sun X L,et al.Community structure and seasonal variation of the zooplankton in Shenzhen Bay[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2010,19(11):2686-2692.[张才学,周凯,孙省利,等.深圳湾浮游动物的群落结构及季节变化[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(11):2686-2692.]
[25]Zhang C X,Sun X L,Chen C L,et al.Community structure and seasonal changes of the zooplankton in the seaweed-field area of the Liusha bay[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2013,44(5):1386-1394.[张才学,孙省利,陈春亮,等.流沙湾海草床海域浮游动物的群落结构和季节变化[J].海洋与湖沼,2013,44(5):1386-1394.]
[26]Gong Y Y,Chen Z Z,Huang Z R.Comparative analysis on community structure of zooplankton in different sea areas of Guangdong seacoast[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2015,46(11):2026-2033.[龚玉艳,陈作志,黄梓荣.广东沿岸不同海域浮游动物群落结构的比较分析[J].南方农业学报,2015,46(11):2026-2033.]
[27]Wang X F,Li C H,Liao X L,et al.Community structure and environmental adaptation of the planktonic larvae in Beibu Gulf[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2010,19(4):529-534.[王学锋,李纯厚,廖秀丽,等.北部湾浮游幼虫群落结构及其环境适应性分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2010,19(4):529-534.]
[28]Xu Z L,Zhang F Y.Species distribution and diversity of Appendicularia in the East China Sea[J].Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,2006,15(3):286-291.[徐兆礼,张凤英.东海有尾类种类分布和多样性[J].上海水产大学学报,2006,15(3):286-291.]
[29]Zhang D R,Xu Z L,Xu J Y.Comparison of zooplankton communities inside and outside the Hangzhou Bay in autumn[J].Biodiversity Science,2016,24(7):767-780.[张冬融,徐兆礼,徐佳奕,等.杭州湾内外海域秋季浮游动物群落的比较[J].生物多样性,2016,24(7):767-780.]
[30]Wang J,Liang Y L.An estimation of the potential productivity and stocking rate of fingerlings of silver and bighead carps in Donghu by means of phytoplankton production[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,1981,5(4):343-350.[王骥,梁彦龄.用浮游植物的生产量估算武昌东湖鲢鳙生产潜力与鱼种放养量的探讨[J].水产学报,1981,5(4):343-350.]
[31]Chang Y.Research of eutrophication and fishery utilizationin in Changyang Lake,Wujiang,Jiangsu Province[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2013.[常毅.江苏吴江市长漾湖富营养化与渔业利用研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.]
[32]He W.The assess of fishery ecological environment and countermeasures of resources enhancement in lake Changdang[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[何玮.长荡湖渔业生态环境评估及资源增殖对策[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[33]Li X Z.Current situation,problems and countermeasures of fishery resources in Hongze Lake[D].Nanjing:Nanjing Agricultural University,2015.[李孝珍.洪泽湖渔业资源现状、问题及对策[D].南京:南京农业大学,2015.]
[34]Yan Y R,Zhu G S,Zhang Y M,et al.The impacts of natural fishes as cage culture feeds on fishery resources in South China Sea-taking Lingshui Port for example[C]//Abstracts Collection at the Annual Academic Meeting of the Chinese Society of Fisheries,2013:164.[颜云榕,朱高松,张宇美,等.天然鱼类作为网箱养殖饲料对南海渔业资源的影响--以海南陵水湾为例[Z].中国水产学会学术年会论文摘要集,2013:164.]
[35]Guo P Y,Shen H T,Liu A C,et al.Factors controlling abundance and distribution of mesozooplankton and microzooplankton in Yangtze River Estuary[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2008,28(8):3517-3526.[郭沛涌,沈焕庭,刘阿成,等.长江河口中小型浮游动物数量分布、变动及主要影响因素[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3517-3526.]
[36]Lin L M,Xu F,Lin J.Effects of various salinities to growth and development of Acartia spinicauda[J].Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait,1998,17(S1):53-55.[林利民,许峰,林君.盐度对刺尾纺锤水蚤生长发育的影响[J].台湾海峡,1998,17(S1):53-55.]
[37]Jiang H C,Chen H G,Song X K,et al.Zooplankton community structure in Jincheng area of Laizhou Bay and its relationship with environmental factors[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(22):7308-7319.[姜会超,陈海刚,宋秀凯,等.莱州湾金城海域浮游动物群落结构及与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2015,35(22):7308-7319.]
[38]Jin Q B,Sheng L X,Zhang R.The influence of temperature on the zooplankton community[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University,1991(4):103-111.[金琼贝,盛连喜,张然.温度对浮游动物群落的影响[J].东北师大学报自然科学版,1991(4):103-111.]
[39]Huang J Q,Zheng Z.The relation of copepods to salinity in the estuary of Jiulong river[J].Journal of Xiamen University(Natural Science),1984,23(4):497-505.[黄加祺,郑重.九龙江口桡足类和盐度关系的初步研究[J].厦门大学学报(自然科学版),1984,23(4):497-505.]
[40]Jiang S,Huang C J,Chen S W,et al.Community structure and temporal and spatial distribution of zooplankton in Zhelin Bay,China(2000~2001)[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2002,22(6):828-840.[姜胜,黄长江,陈善文,等.2000~2001年柘林湾浮游动物的群落结构及时空分布[J].生态学报,2002,22(6):828-840.]
[41]Huang C J,Chen S W,He X,et al.Ecological study of zooplankton in Zhenlin Bay of eastern Guangdong:2001-2002[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2003,34(2):117-130.[黄长江,陈善文,何歆,等.2001-2002年粤东柘林湾浮游动物的生态学研究[J].海洋与湖沼,2003,34(2):117-130.]
[42]Zhou K.Ecological studies on the large-scale mariculture in Zhelin bay and Shen’ao bay in the east of Guangdong:2000-2001[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2002.[周凯.2000~2001年粤东大规模增养殖区柘林湾和深澳湾的生态学研究[D].广州:暨南大学,2002.]
[43]Liu Z H.Community characteristics of zooplankton in the mariculture area of Aotou,Daya Bay[D].Guangzhou:Jinan University,2006.[刘中华.大亚湾澳头养殖海域浮游动物群落结构特征[D].广州:暨南大学,2006.]
[44]Huang W J,Qi Y Z,Zhu C J,et al.Model of changing ratio of the population densities dynamics of Noctiluca scintillans(Ehr.)macartney in Dapeng Bay,South China Sea[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,1996,27(1):29-33.[黄伟建,齐雨藻,朱从举,等.大鹏湾夜光藻种群密度变化率动态模型研究[J].海洋与湖沼,1996,27(1):29-33.]
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |