基于眼动追踪的汽车造型特征线设计方法研究
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摘要
目的在汽车造型设计开发之前,有效预测汽车造型特征线产生的意象是否真正符合用户隐性意图,便于提高汽车行业情感意象设计水平。方法首先,获取用户群体需求信息,引导设计方向;其次,建立汽车造型意象认知模型,通过案例分析,构建"标杆车"造型特征线目标意象集;再次,依据眼动实验,提出基于眼动指标(注视点数目、注视时间、平均注视时间)的汽车造型特征线提取模型,进行汽车造型特征线显著性分析与特征线提取;最后,采用形状文法坐标变换规则,结合贝赛尔曲线描述,通过类比形式进行规则映射分析,使用矢量工具Adobe Illustrator改变特征曲线各锚点与控制点坐标值,实现汽车造型特征的继承与变异。结果以阿尔特SUV概念研发项目为例,论述该设计方法,通过奔跑的狮子形态进行意象类比,得出最终设计方案。结论对最终设计方案进行用户喜好度意象评估,用户喜好度为87.65%,证实了该汽车造型意象设计方法的可行性,为汽车行业满足用户群体偏好特征意象,提供了一种新的设计方法。
The work aims to effectively predict whether the image produced by the car styling characteristic line truly meets the user's implicit intention, and to improve the design level of the emotional image of the automobile industry before the design and development of automotive modeling. First, users demand information was obtained and design direction was guided. Secondly, the automobile form image cognition model was established. Through case analysis, "standard car bar" target image set was constructed. Thirdly, on the basis of eye movement experiment, the automobile form feature extraction model based on the eye movement index(the number of fixation point, fixation time, average fixation time) was proposedand the significance of automobile design features and characteristics of image extraction were analyzed and extracted. Finally, the rules mapping was analyzed throughanalogy by shape grammar rules combined with coordinate transformation of the Bézier curveand characteristic curve coordinates of each anchor point and control point value was changed by vector tools Adobe Illustrator change so as to realize the inheritance and variation of the automobile form feature. The design method of image analogy was discussed with IAT SUV concept development project as an example by a lion running form and then the final design scheme was obtained. The user preferences of the final design scheme are evaluated. The user preference is 87.65%, which confirms the feasibility of the vehicle form image design method, and provides a new design method for the automotive industry to meet user preferences.
The work aims to effectively predict whether the image produced by the car styling characteristic line truly meets the user's implicit intention, and to improve the design level of the emotional image of the automobile industry before the design and development of automotive modeling. First, users demand information was obtained and design direction was guided. Secondly, the automobile form image cognition model was established. Through case analysis, "standard car bar" target image set was constructed. Thirdly, on the basis of eye movement experiment, the automobile form feature extraction model based on the eye movement index(the number of fixation point, fixation time, average fixation time) was proposedand the significance of automobile design features and characteristics of image extraction were analyzed and extracted. Finally, the rules mapping was analyzed throughanalogy by shape grammar rules combined with coordinate transformation of the Bézier curveand characteristic curve coordinates of each anchor point and control point value was changed by vector tools Adobe Illustrator change so as to realize the inheritance and variation of the automobile form feature. The design method of image analogy was discussed with IAT SUV concept development project as an example by a lion running form and then the final design scheme was obtained. The user preferences of the final design scheme are evaluated. The user preference is 87.65%, which confirms the feasibility of the vehicle form image design method, and provides a new design method for the automotive industry to meet user preferences.
引文
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[8]卢兆麟,李升波,徐少兵,等.基于眼动跟踪特征的汽车造型评价方法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 7(50):775—781.LU Zhao-lin, LI Sheng-bo, XU Shao-bing, et al. AutomobileStyleEvaluationBasedonEyeTracking[J].JournalofTsinghuaUniversity(ScienceandTechnology), 2015, 7(50):775—781.
[9]MICHAEL P. Tacit Dimension[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1966.
[10]马丽莎,吕健,潘伟杰,等.基于眼动模式的隐式意图识别分类方法研究[J].图学学报,2017,3(38):332—340.MA Li-sha, LYU Jian, PAN Wei-jie, et al. Research on Implicit Intention Recognition and Classification Based on Eye Movement Pattern[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2017,3(38):332—340.
[11]王震亚,李海旺.基于眼动追踪技术的汽车造型特征提取与认知研究[J].包装工程, 2016, 37(20):54—58.WANGZhen-ya,LIHai-wang.AutomotiveStyling FeatureExtractionandCognitionBasedontheEye TrackingTechnology[J].PackagingEngineering,2016,37(20):54—58.
[12]李雪瑞,余隋怀,初建杰.意象驱动的产品形态基因网络模型构建与应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017, 3(24):103—114.LIXue-rui,YUSui-huai,CHUJian-jie.Researchon ConstructionandApplicationofProductFormGeneNetWorkModelDrivenbyKansei[J].ComputerIntegrated Manufacturing Systems, 2017, 3(24):103—114.
[2]傅业焘.偏好驱动的SUV产品族外形基因设计[D].杭州:浙江大学, 2012.FU Ye-tao. Shape Gene Design for SUV Product Family DrivenbyPreference[D].Hangzhou:ZhejiangUniversity, 2012.
[3]TONI-MATTIK.ItLooksLikeaToyota:Educational Approaches to Designing for Visual Brand Recognition[J]. International Journal of Design, 2007, 1(1):67—81.
[4]OSCAR P, JAN S, DIRK S, et al. Should New Products Look Similar or Different? The Influence of the Market EnvironmentonStrategicProductStyling[J].Design Studies, 2008, 29(1):30—48.
[5]胡伟峰,赵江洪.用户期望意象驱动的汽车造型基因进化[J].机械工程学报, 2011, 47(16):176—181.HUWei-feng,ZHAOJiang-hong.AutomobileStyling Gene Evolution Driven by Users'Expectation Image[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2011, 47(16):176—181.
[6]胡婷婷,赵江洪,赵丹华.设计师和用户的汽车造型意象认知差异研究[J].包装工程,2015,24(36):33—36.HU Ting-ting, ZHAO Jiang-hong, ZHAO Dan-hua. ImageryCognitionDifferencesbetweenDesignersand Users Automobile Modeling[J]. Packaging Engineering,2015, 24(36):33—36.
[7]李明珠,何灿群,卢章平,等.基于数量化理论Ⅰ类的汽车意象造型设计研究[J].机械设计,2016,33(4):105—108.LIMing-zhu,HECan-qun,LUZhang-ping,etal.Research on Car Image Modeling Design Based on Quantification Theory Type I[J]. Journal of Machine Design,2016, 33(4):105—108.
[8]卢兆麟,李升波,徐少兵,等.基于眼动跟踪特征的汽车造型评价方法[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),2015, 7(50):775—781.LU Zhao-lin, LI Sheng-bo, XU Shao-bing, et al. AutomobileStyleEvaluationBasedonEyeTracking[J].JournalofTsinghuaUniversity(ScienceandTechnology), 2015, 7(50):775—781.
[9]MICHAEL P. Tacit Dimension[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press, 1966.
[10]马丽莎,吕健,潘伟杰,等.基于眼动模式的隐式意图识别分类方法研究[J].图学学报,2017,3(38):332—340.MA Li-sha, LYU Jian, PAN Wei-jie, et al. Research on Implicit Intention Recognition and Classification Based on Eye Movement Pattern[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2017,3(38):332—340.
[11]王震亚,李海旺.基于眼动追踪技术的汽车造型特征提取与认知研究[J].包装工程, 2016, 37(20):54—58.WANGZhen-ya,LIHai-wang.AutomotiveStyling FeatureExtractionandCognitionBasedontheEye TrackingTechnology[J].PackagingEngineering,2016,37(20):54—58.
[12]李雪瑞,余隋怀,初建杰.意象驱动的产品形态基因网络模型构建与应用研究[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017, 3(24):103—114.LIXue-rui,YUSui-huai,CHUJian-jie.Researchon ConstructionandApplicationofProductFormGeneNetWorkModelDrivenbyKansei[J].ComputerIntegrated Manufacturing Systems, 2017, 3(24):103—114.