ZrO_2与TiO_2介孔薄膜对碳基介孔型钙钛矿太阳阳能电池的性能影响
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摘要
通过旋涂ZrO_2与TiO_2混合浆料,制备钙钛矿太阳能电池介孔层。以孔径较大的ZrO_2/TiO_2混合介孔薄膜(MIX)为基底制备了晶粒较大的甲胺铅碘(MAPbI3)钙钛矿光吸收层。以致密TiO_2薄膜为电子传输层,石墨/碳黑为对电极,制备了钙钛矿太阳能电池。比较了ZrO_2单层介孔、Ti O2单层薄膜、TiO_2+ZrO_2双层介孔与ZrO_2/TiO_2单层混合介孔的钙钛矿太阳能电池的性能。结果表明,用MIX制备的钙钛矿太阳能电池表现出最高的光电转换效率(PCE)和良好的长期稳定性。
Mesoporous films of perovskite solar cells were fabricated by spin-coating ZrO_2 and TiO_2 pastes. Using larger-sized ZrO_2/TiO_2 mixed mesoporous film(MIX) as a substrate, we prepared methylamine lead iodine(MAPbI_3) perovskite light absorption layer with larger crystal sizes. The perovskite solar cells were prepared by using dense TiO_2 film as electron transport layer,graphite/carbon black as counter electrode. Furthermore, we compared the performance of perovskite solar cells made of single ZrO_2 film, single TiO_2 film, TiO_2+ZrO_2 double films and ZrO_2/TiO_2 mixed single film, respectively. The result shows that the device made of MIX exhibits the best power conversion efficiency(PCE) and good long-term stability.
Mesoporous films of perovskite solar cells were fabricated by spin-coating ZrO_2 and TiO_2 pastes. Using larger-sized ZrO_2/TiO_2 mixed mesoporous film(MIX) as a substrate, we prepared methylamine lead iodine(MAPbI_3) perovskite light absorption layer with larger crystal sizes. The perovskite solar cells were prepared by using dense TiO_2 film as electron transport layer,graphite/carbon black as counter electrode. Furthermore, we compared the performance of perovskite solar cells made of single ZrO_2 film, single TiO_2 film, TiO_2+ZrO_2 double films and ZrO_2/TiO_2 mixed single film, respectively. The result shows that the device made of MIX exhibits the best power conversion efficiency(PCE) and good long-term stability.
引文
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[22]HU Y, ZHANG Z H, MEI A Y, et al. Improved performance of printable perovskite solar cells with bifunctional conjugated organic molecule[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(11):1705786.
[23]LI D, TONG C H, JI W X, et al. Vanadium oxide posttreatment for enhanced photovoltage of printable perovskite solar cells[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2019, 7(2):2619-2625.
[24]LUO J Q, CHEN J Z, WU B, et al. Surface rutilization of anatase TiO2for efficient electron extraction and stable Pmaxoutput of perovskite solar cells[J]. Chem, 2018, 4(4):911-923.
[25]EDRI E, KIRMAYER S, HENNING A, et al. Why lead methylammonium tri-iodide perovskite-based solar cells require a mesoporous electron transporting scaffold(but not necessarily a hole conductor)[J]. Nano Letters, 2014,14(2):1000-1004.
[2]杨旭东,陈汉,毕恩兵,等.高效率钙钛矿太阳电池发展中的关键问题[J].物理学报, 2015, 64(3):038404.
[3]RONG Y G, HOU X M, HU Y, et al. Synergy of ammonium chloride and moisture on perovskite crystallization for efficient printable mesoscopic solar cells[J]. Nature Communications, 2017, 8:14555.
[4]HU Y, ZHANG Z H, MEI A Y, et al. Improved performance of printable perovskite solar cells with bifunctional conjugated organic molecule[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(11):1705786.
[5]BYRANVAND M M, KIM T, SONG S, et al. P-type CuI islands on TiO2electron transport layer for a highly efficient planar perovskite solar cell with negligible hysteresis[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2018, 8(5):1702235.
[6]CHEN W, ZHOU Y C, WANG L J, et al. Molecule-doped nickel oxide:Verified charge transfer and planar inverted mixed cation perovskite solar cell[J]. Advanced Materials,2018, 30(20):1800515.
[7]LEE M M, JO?L T, TSUTOMU M, et al. Efficient hybrid solar cells based on meso-superstructured organometal halide perovskites[J]. Science, 2012, 338(6107):643-647.
[8]JEON N J, NA H, JUNG E H, et al. A fluorene-terminated hole-transporting material for highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells[J]. Nature Energy, 2018, 3(8):682-689.
[9]CAO J, WU B H, CHEN R H, et al. Efficient, hysteresisfree, and stable perovskite solar cells with ZnO as electrontransport layer:Effect of surface passivation[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(11):1705596.
[10]YANG G, CHEN C, YAO F, et al. Effective carrierconcentration tuning of SnO2quantum dot electronselective layers for high-performance planar perovskite solar cells[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(14):1706023.
[11]LEIJTENS T, EPERON G E, PATHAK S, et al. Overcoming ultraviolet light instability of sensitized TiO2with meso-superstructured organometal tri-halide perovskite solar cells[J]. Nature Communications, 2013, 4:2885.
[12]ZHANG Y Q, LIU X T, LI P W, et al. Dopaminecrosslinked TiO2/perovskite layer for efficient and photostable perovskite solar cells under full spectral continuous illumination[J]. Nano Energy, 2019, 56:733-740.
[13]CHEN J H, ZUO L J, ZHANG Y Z, et al. Highperformance thickness insensitive perovskite solar cells with enhanced moisture stability[J]. Advanced Energy Materials, 2018, 8(23):1800438.
[14]NAGAOKA H, MA F, DEQUILETTES D W, et al. Zr incorporation into TiO2electrodes reduces hysteresis and improves performance in hybrid perovskite solar cells while increasing carrier lifetimes[J]. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2015, 6(4):669-675.
[15]LV Y H, CAI B, MA Q S, et al. Highly crystalline Nbdoped TiO2nanospindles as superior electron transporting materials for high-performance planar structured perovskite solar cells[J]. RSC Advances, 2018, 8:20982-20989.
[16]DENG X L, WANG Y Q, CUI Z D, et al. Y-doping TiO2nanorod arrays for efficient perovskite solar cells[J]. Superlattices and Microstructures, 2018, 117:283-287.
[17]HOU X, ZHOU J P, HUANG S M, et al. Efficient quasimesoscopic perovskite solar cells using Li-doped hierarchical TiO2as scaffold of scattered distribution[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 330:947-955.
[18]CHE M, ZHU L, ZHAO Y L, et al. Enhancing current density of perovskite solar cells using TiO2-ZrO2composite scaffold layer[J]. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 2016, 56:29-36.
[19]周立,朱俊,徐亚峰,等.绝缘氧化物包覆对钙钛矿太阳电池性能及界面电荷复合动力学的影响[J].物理化学学报, 2016, 32(5):1207-1213.
[20]PITICESCU R R, MONTY C, TALOI D, et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of zirconia nanomaterials[J]. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 2001, 21(10/11):2057-2060.
[21]TSUKADA T, VENIGALLA S, MORRONE A, et al. Lowtemperature hydrothermal synthesis of yttrium-doped zirconia powders[J]. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1999, 82(5):1169-1174.
[22]HU Y, ZHANG Z H, MEI A Y, et al. Improved performance of printable perovskite solar cells with bifunctional conjugated organic molecule[J]. Advanced Materials, 2018, 30(11):1705786.
[23]LI D, TONG C H, JI W X, et al. Vanadium oxide posttreatment for enhanced photovoltage of printable perovskite solar cells[J]. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, 2019, 7(2):2619-2625.
[24]LUO J Q, CHEN J Z, WU B, et al. Surface rutilization of anatase TiO2for efficient electron extraction and stable Pmaxoutput of perovskite solar cells[J]. Chem, 2018, 4(4):911-923.
[25]EDRI E, KIRMAYER S, HENNING A, et al. Why lead methylammonium tri-iodide perovskite-based solar cells require a mesoporous electron transporting scaffold(but not necessarily a hole conductor)[J]. Nano Letters, 2014,14(2):1000-1004.