渤中凹陷西南环潜山复杂带断层识别
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摘要
常规的相干、方差、边缘检测等断层识别方法主要依赖等时地层切片,而潜山内幕埋藏深、信噪比低、地层高陡、断裂复杂,使得上述常规方法难以获得可靠结果。基于自适应中值滤波和相干分析,提出了一种新的基于地层倾角相干分析的断层识别方法,其核心是运用地层倾角和方位角属性体对相干体计算进行方向约束,获得带地层方向的优势相干体,同时建立基于地层倾角的相干切片从而突出各级断层。该方法的优点在于深化了相干分析,克服了原有相干计算的局限性、水平等时切片内幕断层显示的不准确性等问题。实际资料的计算结果表明,该方法简单易行,可以有效识别高陡复杂带的大、中、小等不同尺度的断层,断层识别率显著高于常规相干体方法。
Conventional fault identification methods(e.g. coherence, variance and edge detection) mainly rely on isochronous stratal slice. As for inner buried hills, however, these conventional methods can hardly provide the reliable identification results for they are characterized by large burial depth, low signal-to-noise ratio, high-dip formation and complex fault. In this paper, a new fault identification method based on dip coherence analysis was proposed based on adaptive median filtering and coherence analysis. The core of this method is to take the attribute cube of stratigraphic dip and azimuth as the direction constraint to the calculation of coherence cube so as to obtain dominant coherence cubes with stratigraphic direction, while establishing the coherence slice based on stratigraphic dip so as to highlight the faults of all levels. The advantage of this method is that it deepens the coherence analysis, overcomes the limitation of the original coherence calculation and solves the inaccuracy of the horizontal isochronal slice inside buried hill. The calculation results of actual data show that this method is simple and feasible and can effectively identify large, medium and small faults in high-dip complex zones, and its fault identification accuracy is significantly higher than that of conventional coherence cube method.
Conventional fault identification methods(e.g. coherence, variance and edge detection) mainly rely on isochronous stratal slice. As for inner buried hills, however, these conventional methods can hardly provide the reliable identification results for they are characterized by large burial depth, low signal-to-noise ratio, high-dip formation and complex fault. In this paper, a new fault identification method based on dip coherence analysis was proposed based on adaptive median filtering and coherence analysis. The core of this method is to take the attribute cube of stratigraphic dip and azimuth as the direction constraint to the calculation of coherence cube so as to obtain dominant coherence cubes with stratigraphic direction, while establishing the coherence slice based on stratigraphic dip so as to highlight the faults of all levels. The advantage of this method is that it deepens the coherence analysis, overcomes the limitation of the original coherence calculation and solves the inaccuracy of the horizontal isochronal slice inside buried hill. The calculation results of actual data show that this method is simple and feasible and can effectively identify large, medium and small faults in high-dip complex zones, and its fault identification accuracy is significantly higher than that of conventional coherence cube method.
引文
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[2]苑书金.地震相干体技术的研究综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(1):7-15.
[3]陈波,孙德胜,朱筱敏,等.利用地震数据分频相干技术检测火山岩裂缝[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(4):610-613.
[4]田涛,夏同星,闫涛,等.地层倾角信息在断层精细刻画中的应用——以渤海湾盆地A油田为例[J].地球物理学进展,2017,32(5):2236-2240.
[5]马瑾环,陈国俊,吴志高.改进的第三代相干算法及应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2007,30(4):286-296.
[6]张军华,王永刚,赵勇.相干体技术算法改进及其在TJH地区的应用[J].物探与化探,2002,26(1):50-52.
[7]宋维琪,刘江华.地震多矢量属性相干数据体计算及应用[J].物探与化探,2003,27(2):128-130.
[8]林昕,饶孟余,吴雪飞,等.地质导向建模提高煤层气水平井开发效果[J].石油钻采工艺,2017,39(5):559-563,569.
[9]高彦峰,赵文帅. FEWD地质导向技术在深层页岩气水平井中的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(4):427-431.
[10]张军华,王月英,赵勇.小波多分辨率相干数据体的提取及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(1):33-36.
[11]张家震,王学军,王永刚,等.潜山油藏多尺度相干体分析方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(1):37-40.
[12]王振卿,王宏斌,龚洪林.地震相干技术的发展及在碳酸盐岩裂缝型储层预测中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2009,20(6):977-981.
[13]赵贤正,才博,金凤鸣,等.富油凹陷二次勘探复杂储层油气藏改造模式——以冀中坳陷、二连盆地为例[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(6):823-831.
[14]成涛,陈建华,阮洪江,等.海上异常高温高压气藏产能评价方法[J].石油钻采工艺,2016,38(6):832-836.
[15]杨永亮,郭秀文,武凡皓,等. STG盆地碳酸盐岩潜山储层特征及成藏模式[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(4):13-18.
[16]赵贤正,金凤鸣,张以明,等.富油凹陷隐蔽型潜山油气藏精细勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2010.