交流电场对铀胁迫下黑麦草种子萌发的影响
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摘要
通过研究促进植物种子在铀胁迫条件萌发和生长的方法,对于开展铀污染场地植物修复和防护具有重要意义。研究主要探讨了黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)种子经过不同条件交流电场处理后,在铀胁迫下的萌发及生长变化。结果表明,1 mmol/L铀处理对黑麦草种子发芽相关指标及幼苗生长均造成了显著的胁迫作用(P<0.05),且施加不同条件的交流电场对黑麦草种子在铀胁迫下的发芽率和发芽指数影响较小,对发芽势和活力指数影响较大。此外,在高、中、低3个电场处理条件下(1.5、15.0、150.0 V),2 h的各电场处理会加剧铀胁迫对黑麦草幼苗株高、根长和生物量的影响;时长较长时,除了在24 h高电场处理也是促进胁迫外,12、24 h各强度电场处理却能缓解铀胁迫对黑麦草幼苗株高、根长和生物量的影响。表明采取适宜的电场处理强度和处理时间策略可能对铀胁迫下植物种子的萌发指标影响不大,但是能够增强植物幼苗的抗逆性。
It is of great significance to develop phytoremediation by studying methods for promoting seed germination and plant growth of plant under uranium stress. The effect of different treatments of alternating current(AC) electric field on ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) seed germination and seedling growth under uranium stress was studied. Results showed that, the treatment of uranium(1 mmol/L) caused significant stress on ryegrass in the period of seed germination and seedling growth(P<0.05), and the treatments with electric field had less influence on the germination rate and germination index, but had larger influence on germination potential and vigor index of ryegrass seed under uranium stress. Besides, at high, medium and low level of electric field(1.5 V,15.0 V,150.0 V), the treatments with electric field in 2 h showed more serious uranium stress effects on plant height, root length and biomass of ryegrass seedling, however, except the high level of electric field in 24 h, the treatments with electric field in 12 h and 24 h could significantly relieve the effects of uranium stress. With the appropriate electric field strength and treat-time, there may have little effect on the seed germination indicators of ryegrass seed under uranium stress, but it can promote the uranium resistance of seedlings.
It is of great significance to develop phytoremediation by studying methods for promoting seed germination and plant growth of plant under uranium stress. The effect of different treatments of alternating current(AC) electric field on ryegrass(Lolium perenne L.) seed germination and seedling growth under uranium stress was studied. Results showed that, the treatment of uranium(1 mmol/L) caused significant stress on ryegrass in the period of seed germination and seedling growth(P<0.05), and the treatments with electric field had less influence on the germination rate and germination index, but had larger influence on germination potential and vigor index of ryegrass seed under uranium stress. Besides, at high, medium and low level of electric field(1.5 V,15.0 V,150.0 V), the treatments with electric field in 2 h showed more serious uranium stress effects on plant height, root length and biomass of ryegrass seedling, however, except the high level of electric field in 24 h, the treatments with electric field in 12 h and 24 h could significantly relieve the effects of uranium stress. With the appropriate electric field strength and treat-time, there may have little effect on the seed germination indicators of ryegrass seed under uranium stress, but it can promote the uranium resistance of seedlings.
引文
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[22]卢小泉,王雪梅,郭惠霞,等.生物电化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016.
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[24]包斯琴高娃,马占新,丁昌江.电场对种子影响的时效性分析方法及应用[J].电子科技大学学报,2016,45(5):865-872.
[25]李伟.电场处理糜子种子对其萌发期和苗期抗旱性的影响及时效性[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2017.
[26]郭维生,杨性愉,杨体强,等.高压静电场对α-淀粉酶构象的影响[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),2001,32(3):349-351.
[27]熊建平,朱久运,马坚扬,等.黄瓜高压静电育种机理的研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2004,4(4):13-16.
[2]孟华,刘涛涛.地浸采铀技术及水污染治理[J].绿色科技,2016(8):33-35.
[3]占凌之.南方某铀矿山尾矿库周边水环境污染与评价[D].江西抚州:东华理工大学,2015.
[4]孔秋梅,冯志刚,马强,等.湖南某铀尾矿库周边土壤外源铀输入机制的研究[J].地球与环境,2017,45(2):135-144.
[5]ANKE M,SEEBER O,MüLLER R,et al.Uranium transfer in the food chain from soil to plants,animals and man[J].Chemie der erde-geochemistry,2009,69(1):75-90.
[6]池翠萍,王仲文.贫铀武器对人体健康的影响[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,2002(2):68-70.
[7]陆敏兴.铀矿水系沉积物中铀和典型重金属的存在形态特征分析[D].广州:广州大学,2016.
[8]EAPEN S,SUSEELAN K N,TIVAREKAR S,et al.Potential for rhizofiltration of uranium using hairy root cultures of Brassica juncea,and Chenopodium amaranticolor[J].Environmental research,2003,91(2):127-133.
[9]TOMéF V,RODRíGUEZ P B,LOZANO J C.Elimination of natural uranium and(226)Ra from contaminated waters by rhizofiltration using Helianthus annuus L.[J].Science of the total environment,2008,393(2-3):351-357.
[10]ROONGTANAKIAT N,SUDSAWAD P,NGERNVIJIT N.Uranium absorption ability of sunflower,vetiver and purple guinea grass.[J].Kasetsart journal-natural science,2010,44(2):182-190.
[11]SRIVASTAVA S,BHAINSA K C,D'SOUZA S F.Investigation of uranium accumulation potential and biochemical responses of an aquatic weed Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.)Royle[J].Bioresour Technol,2010,101(8):2573-2579.
[12]杨瑞丽,谢水波,荣丽杉,等.铀胁迫对5种牧草种子萌发的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2016,16(4):373-378.
[13]MIRJANA D,STOJANOVIC,DRAGI R,et al.Phytotoxic effect of the uranium on the growing up and development the plant of corn[J].Water air&soil pollution,2010,209(1-4):401-410.
[14]唐永金,罗学刚,江世杰,等.三种核素对植物烂种烂芽的影响[J].核农学报,2013,27(4):495-500.
[15]聂小琴,李广悦,吴彦琼,等.铀胁迫对大豆和玉米种子萌发和幼苗生长及SOD与POD活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(6):1057-1064.
[16]郭龙芳,薛福东,郭九峰,等.部分物理因子在植物上的生物效应研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(27):246-251.
[17]王淑妍,郭九峰,刘晓婷,等.静电场的植物生物效应研究概述[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(35):73-78.
[18]BAO S,MA Z.Research on the aging property of electric field influence on corn seeds[J].Advances in computer science,intelligent system and environment,2011,106:91-96.
[19]李伟,杨体强,赵清春,等.不同电场处理条件对糜子种子萌发抗旱性的影响[J].种子,2017,36(6):1-3.
[20]黄洪云,杜宁,韩哲.高压静电场处理种子对小麦幼苗抗寒性的影响[J].种子,2016,35(8):24-26,31.
[21]杨体强,袁德正,孟立志,等.盐胁迫下电场处理对花葵种子发芽率的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2007,29(1):93-95.
[22]卢小泉,王雪梅,郭惠霞,等.生物电化学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2016.
[23]杨体强,朱海英,袁德正,等.电场对油葵种子萌发影响的有效时间[J].核农学报,2013,27(6):879-883.
[24]包斯琴高娃,马占新,丁昌江.电场对种子影响的时效性分析方法及应用[J].电子科技大学学报,2016,45(5):865-872.
[25]李伟.电场处理糜子种子对其萌发期和苗期抗旱性的影响及时效性[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2017.
[26]郭维生,杨性愉,杨体强,等.高压静电场对α-淀粉酶构象的影响[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),2001,32(3):349-351.
[27]熊建平,朱久运,马坚扬,等.黄瓜高压静电育种机理的研究[J].现代生物医学进展,2004,4(4):13-16.
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