采用混合算法优化车辆被动悬架参数及仿真
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摘要
为了降低车辆行驶受路面激励产生振动幅度,采取混合算法优化车辆振动模型.创建1/4车辆振动模型简图,构建车辆垂直方向动力学方程式.设置车辆参数优化目标函数,采用混合算法对1/4车辆振动设计参数进行优化.优化参数变量分别为座椅质量、簧上质量、簧下质量、座椅刚度系数、弹簧刚度系数、轮胎刚度系数、座椅阻尼系数及弹簧阻尼系数.在Matlab软件中建立车辆振动仿真模型,并输出仿真结果,与优化前仿真结果形成对比.仿真曲线显示:优化后的车辆不仅垂直方向的位移、加速度及座椅加速度峰值有所降低,而且振动幅度波动较小.采用混合算法优化车辆被动悬架系统参数,能够抑制车辆行驶受路面激励的干扰,提高车辆行驶的稳定性和舒适度.
In order to reduce vibration amplitude induced by road excitation,a hybrid algorithm is applied to optimize vehicle vibration model.A quarter vehicle vibration model is established,and the vertical dynamics equation of vehicle is built.The objective function of vehicle parameters optimization is constructed,and the hybrid algorithm is applied to optimize the design parameters of quarter vehicle vibration.The parameter variables are the seat quality,the spring quality,the reed quality,the seat stiffness coefficient,the spring stiffness coefficient,the tire stiffness coefficient,the seat damping coefficient and the spring damping coefficient.A vehicle vibration simulation model is set up in mathematical software Matlab,and the simulation results are output,which is compared with the simulation results before optimization.The simulation curve shows that the optimized vehicle not only reduces the vertical displacement,acceleration and seat acceleration peak value,but also has smaller fluctuation amplitude.The hybrid algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the vehicle passive suspension system,which can restrain the disturbance of the vehicle driving by the road,and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle.
In order to reduce vibration amplitude induced by road excitation,a hybrid algorithm is applied to optimize vehicle vibration model.A quarter vehicle vibration model is established,and the vertical dynamics equation of vehicle is built.The objective function of vehicle parameters optimization is constructed,and the hybrid algorithm is applied to optimize the design parameters of quarter vehicle vibration.The parameter variables are the seat quality,the spring quality,the reed quality,the seat stiffness coefficient,the spring stiffness coefficient,the tire stiffness coefficient,the seat damping coefficient and the spring damping coefficient.A vehicle vibration simulation model is set up in mathematical software Matlab,and the simulation results are output,which is compared with the simulation results before optimization.The simulation curve shows that the optimized vehicle not only reduces the vertical displacement,acceleration and seat acceleration peak value,but also has smaller fluctuation amplitude.The hybrid algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the vehicle passive suspension system,which can restrain the disturbance of the vehicle driving by the road,and improve the stability and comfort of the vehicle.
引文
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[2]罗寥.汽车半主动悬架的模糊控制建模与仿真[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2009.LUO L.Modeling and simulation of semi-active suspension based on fuzzy control[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2009.
[3]谭志银.基于改进粒子群算法的车辆被动悬架优化与仿真研究[J].荆楚理工学院学报,2017,32(6):18-22.TAN Z Y.Vehicle passive suspension optimization and simulation based on improved particle swarm optimization[J].Journal of Jingchu Institute of Technology,2017,32(6):18-22.
[4]ABD-ELWAHED W F,MOUSA A A,EL-SHORBAGY M A.Integrating particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithms for solving nonlinear optimization problems[J].Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics,2011,235(10):1446-1453.
[5]张俊红,王凯楠,毕凤荣,等.基于状态空间的车辆耦合振动系统分析及优化[J].中国机械工程,2013,25(21):2975-2981.ZHANG J H,WANG K N,BI F R,et al.Analysis and optimization of vehicle coupling vibration system based on state space[J].China Mechanical Engineering,2013,25(21):2975-2981.
[6]TOBE R J,GRANDHI R V.Hypersonic vehicle thermal protection system model optimization and validation with vibration tests[J].Aerospace Science and Technology,2013,28:208-213.
[7]丁旺才.车辆悬挂系统非线性振动特性研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2014.DING W C.Study on nonlinear vibration characteristics of vehicle suspension system[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou Jiaotong University,2014.
[8]ZBOINSKI K,DUSZA M.Self-exciting vibrations and hopf’s bifurcation in non-linear stability analysis of rail vehicles in a curved track[J].European Journal of Mechanics:A/Solids,2010,29(3):192-200.
[9]LI P S,LAM J,CHEUNG K C.Multi-objective control for active vehicle suspension with wheelbase preview[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2014,333(10):5270-5281.
[10]DU H P,SZE K Y,LAM J.Semi-active H∞control of vehicle suspension with magnetorheological dampers[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2015,28(3):982-995.
[11]随聪慧.粒子群算法的改进方法研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2010.SUI C H.Research on the improved method of particle swarm optimization[D].Chengdu:Southwest Jiaotong University,2010.
[12]付涛,王大镇,弓清忠,等.基于混合粒子群算法的柴油机喷油器可靠性分布的参数估计[J].机械强度,2014,36(4):539-542.FU T,WANG D Z,GONG Q Z,et al.Parameter estimation of diesel injector reliability distribution based on hybrid particle swarm optimization[J].Mechanical Strength,2014,36(4):539-542.