低功率双馈风力发电系统MPPT控制及仿真
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摘要
针对风力发电系统在额定风速以下运行时的最大风能跟踪问题,分别采用经典爬山搜索法和改进极值搜索法进行风电系统的最大风能跟踪控制。经典爬山搜索法通过判断输出功率和风力机转速的梯度值来搜索最佳运行点,而改进极值搜索法通过叶尖速比和风能利用系数经傅里叶变换获取的运行点相位信息来进行搜索,并通过改进积分器实现变步长快速追踪稳定运行的控制目标。通过Matlab/Simulink软件建立了低功率双馈风力发电系统最大风能跟踪控制仿真模型,并对两种控制方法进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明:改进极值搜索控制能够使系统快速地跟踪风速变化,保持最佳叶尖速比,提高了风能利用系数和风能的利用效率。
Aiming at the maximum power point tracking problem of doubly-fed wind power generation system under rated wind speed,the classic mountain climbing searching method and improved extremum seeking method are employed to MPPT control of the wind power system. The classic mountain climbing searching method searches for the optimal operating point by detecting the gradient values of the output power and the fan speed,whereas the improved extremum seeking method searches for the operating point phase information obtained by the Fourier transform by detecting the tip speed ratio and the wind energy utilization coefficient,,and implement variable step to quickly track and keep stable by improving the integrator.The simulation model of maximum wind energy tracking control of low power doubly-fed wind power generation system was established by Matlab/Simulink software,followed by comparison of the two methods. The simulation results show that improvements of extreme value search control can lead to rapid trace of the variation and maintenance of the optimal tip speed ratio,effectively enhancing the power coefficient and the utilization efficiency of wind energy.
Aiming at the maximum power point tracking problem of doubly-fed wind power generation system under rated wind speed,the classic mountain climbing searching method and improved extremum seeking method are employed to MPPT control of the wind power system. The classic mountain climbing searching method searches for the optimal operating point by detecting the gradient values of the output power and the fan speed,whereas the improved extremum seeking method searches for the operating point phase information obtained by the Fourier transform by detecting the tip speed ratio and the wind energy utilization coefficient,,and implement variable step to quickly track and keep stable by improving the integrator.The simulation model of maximum wind energy tracking control of low power doubly-fed wind power generation system was established by Matlab/Simulink software,followed by comparison of the two methods. The simulation results show that improvements of extreme value search control can lead to rapid trace of the variation and maintenance of the optimal tip speed ratio,effectively enhancing the power coefficient and the utilization efficiency of wind energy.
引文
[1]杨晓红,葛海涛.基于模糊控制的风力发电机组低风速时最大风能追踪控制仿真研究[J].机械设计与制造,2010(8):207-209.(Yang Xiao-hong,Ge Hai-tao.Based on the fuzzy control of low speed wind generators at maximum wind tracking control simulation[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2010(8):207-209.)
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[8]钱苏翔,詹彦,熊远生.扰动观察法在小型风机MPPT中的仿真研究[J].机械设计与制造,2013(8):165-168.(Qian Su-xiang,Zhan Yan,Xiong Yuan-sheng.Simulation study of perturbation and observation method of MPPT in small wind turbine[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(8):165-168.)
[9]厉虹,赵晓敏.优化的变步长MPPT控制策略研究[J].电气工程学报,2015,10(10):30-36.(Li Hong,Zhao Xiao-min.Optimizationofthevariablestepforthe MPPTcontrol sttrategy[J].Journal of Electrical Engineering,2015,10(10):30-36.)
[10]潘庭龙,沈艳霞.风电系统滑模极值搜索MPPT控制方法研究[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(12):2193-2197.(Pan Ting-long,Shen Yan-xia.Study of MPPT control for wind power generation system based on sliding mode extremum seeking[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(12):2193-2197.)
[2]赵梅花,范敏,陈军.双馈风力发电系统MPPT控制[J].电气传动,2014,44(3):32-35.(Zhao Mei-hua,Fan Min,Chen Jun,Zhong Qin-hong.Maximum power point tracking control for double-fed induction generation system[J].Electric Drive,2014,44(3):32-35.)
[3]Wang Q,Chang L.An intelligent maximum power extraction algorithm for inverter-based variable speed wind turbine systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2004,19(5):1242-1249.
[4]陈璐,陈渊睿.变步长最大功率跟踪在双馈风力发电系统中的应用[J].煤矿机电,2016(4):59-63.(Chen Lu,Chen Yuan-rui.Application of variable step size maximum power point tracking method in doubly fed wind power generation system[J].Colliery Mechanical&Electrical Technology,2016(4):59-63.)
[5]钟沁宏,阮毅,赵梅花.变步长爬山法在双馈风力发电系统最大风能跟踪控制中的应用[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(9):67-73.(Zhong Qin-hong,Ruan Yi,Zhao Mei-hua.Application of variable-step hill climbing searching in maximum power point tracking for DFIG wind power generation system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(9):67-73.)
[6]杨飞,王武,张元敏.大功率风能转换实验系统的建模与仿真[J].机械设计与制造,2013(1):162-164.(Yang Fei,Wang Wu,Zhang Yuan-min.Modeling and simulation of large wind energy conversion system[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(1):162-164.
[7]肖运启.双馈风电机组线性建模及特性分析[J].电机与控制应用,2010,37(5):7-10+51.(Xiao Yun-qi.DFIG linear modeling and characteristic analyzing[J].Electric Machines&Control Application,2010,37(5):7-10+51.)
[8]钱苏翔,詹彦,熊远生.扰动观察法在小型风机MPPT中的仿真研究[J].机械设计与制造,2013(8):165-168.(Qian Su-xiang,Zhan Yan,Xiong Yuan-sheng.Simulation study of perturbation and observation method of MPPT in small wind turbine[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2013(8):165-168.)
[9]厉虹,赵晓敏.优化的变步长MPPT控制策略研究[J].电气工程学报,2015,10(10):30-36.(Li Hong,Zhao Xiao-min.Optimizationofthevariablestepforthe MPPTcontrol sttrategy[J].Journal of Electrical Engineering,2015,10(10):30-36.)
[10]潘庭龙,沈艳霞.风电系统滑模极值搜索MPPT控制方法研究[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(12):2193-2197.(Pan Ting-long,Shen Yan-xia.Study of MPPT control for wind power generation system based on sliding mode extremum seeking[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(12):2193-2197.)