二维电液颤振对冷挤压成形的影响
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摘要
针对冷挤压成形过程中变形抗力大、金属流动困难导致模具磨损较大等问题,提出了一种二维电液颤振辅助冷挤压成形工艺,并运用Deform-3D有限元分析软件建立二维电液颤振辅助冷挤压成形的有限元模型,对比分析了无颤振成形方式以及轴向颤振激励下成形、径向颤振激励下成形及二维颤振激励下成形的成形过程。研究结果表明:与无颤振成形方式相比较,成形载荷在二维颤振激励、轴向颤振激励和径向颤振激励成形方式下,分别减小了26.1%、 13.2%和5.7%。二维颤振激励成形方式下的成形载荷最小,且金属流速显著增大,应力场分布更加均匀。
Aiming at the problems of large die wear in cold extrusion forming caused by large deformation resistance, metal flow difficulty, a two-dimensional electro-hydraulic flutter assisted cold extrusion forming process was proposed. Deform-3 D FEA software was used to establish the finite element model of two-dimensional electro-hydraulic flutter assisted cold extrusion forming, and the forming processes without flutter mode, forming processes under axial flutter excitation, forming processes under radial flutter excitation and forming processes under two-dimensional flutter excitation were compared and analyzed. The research results show that compared with the non-flutter forming mode, the forming loads are decreased by 26.1%, 13.2% and 5.7% under the two-dimensional flutter excitation, the axial flutter excitation and the radial flutter excitation respectively. The forming load is the smallest under the two-dimensional flutter excitation forming mode, and the metal flow velocity is further increased, and the stress field distribution is more uniform.
Aiming at the problems of large die wear in cold extrusion forming caused by large deformation resistance, metal flow difficulty, a two-dimensional electro-hydraulic flutter assisted cold extrusion forming process was proposed. Deform-3 D FEA software was used to establish the finite element model of two-dimensional electro-hydraulic flutter assisted cold extrusion forming, and the forming processes without flutter mode, forming processes under axial flutter excitation, forming processes under radial flutter excitation and forming processes under two-dimensional flutter excitation were compared and analyzed. The research results show that compared with the non-flutter forming mode, the forming loads are decreased by 26.1%, 13.2% and 5.7% under the two-dimensional flutter excitation, the axial flutter excitation and the radial flutter excitation respectively. The forming load is the smallest under the two-dimensional flutter excitation forming mode, and the metal flow velocity is further increased, and the stress field distribution is more uniform.
引文
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[3] 赵升吨,李泳峄,范淑琴. 超声振动塑性加工技术的现状分析[J]. 中国机械工程,2013, 24(6): 835-840.ZHAO Shengdun, LI Yongyi, FAN Shuqin. Status Analysis of Plastic Processing Technology with Ulrtasonic Vibration[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(6):835-840.
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[9] 蔡改贫,翁海珊,姜宏志,等.振动拉拔的非局部摩擦问题的近似求解及表面效应初探[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(8):190-194.CAI Gaiping, WENG Haishan, JIANG Hongzhi, et al. Approximate Solution and Surface Effect of Non Local Friction Problem of Vibration Drawing[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2006,42(8):190-194.
[10] YANG C, SHAN X, XIE T. Titanium Wire Drawing with Longitudinal-torsional Composite Ultrasonic Vibration [J]. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2016,83(1/4):645-655.
[11] YANG C, SHAN X, XIE T. A New Piezoelectric Ceramic Longitudinal-torsional Composite Ultrasonic Vibrator for Wire Drawing [J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 41: S625-S630.
[12] 王志恒,杨庆华,胡新华,等. 颤振激励下金属冷挤压成形降载特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014,48(11): 1983-1993.WANG Zhiheng, YANG Qinghua, HU Xinhua, et al. Load Reduction Characteristics of Metal Cold Extrusion Forming under Flutter Excitation[J]. Journal of Zhengjiang University(Engineering Science), 2014,48(11):1983-1993.
[13] 杨庆华,洪潇潇,王志恒,等.电液颤振对冷挤压塑性成形件金属流线及晶粒组织的影响[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(16):2226-2232.YANG Qinghua, HONG Xiaoxiao, WANG Zhiheng,et al. Impacts of Electro-hydraulic Vibration Aplied in Cold Extrusion of Metal Flow Lines and Grain Structure[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015,26(16):2226-2232.
[14] HU X, WANG Z, BAO G, et al. Influences of Electric-hydraulic Chattering on Backward Extrusion Process of 6061 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2015, 25(9): 3056-3063.
[15] HU X, YANG Q, WANG Z, et al. Influence of Electric-hydraulic Chattering on Forward Extrusion Process [J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 82(9): 1-10. (编辑胡佳慧)
[2] 张琦,王仲仁. 改善摩擦条件以实现省力成形[J]. 机械工程学报, 2013, 49(18): 106-113.ZHANG Qi, WANG Zhongren. Improve the Friction Condition to Realize Less-loading Forming[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 49(18):106-113.
[3] 赵升吨,李泳峄,范淑琴. 超声振动塑性加工技术的现状分析[J]. 中国机械工程,2013, 24(6): 835-840.ZHAO Shengdun, LI Yongyi, FAN Shuqin. Status Analysis of Plastic Processing Technology with Ulrtasonic Vibration[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2013, 24(6):835-840.
[4] 王春举,郭斌,单德彬,等. 高频/超声振动辅助微成形技术研究进展与展望 [J]. 精密成形工程,2015(3): 7-16.WANG Chunju, GUO Bin, SHAN Debin,et al. Research Progress and Outlook of High-frequency/ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Microforming[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering, 2015(3):7-16.
[5] 吴晓,李建军,郑志镇,等.振动场作用下金属塑性成形机理的研究和应用进展[J]. 塑性工程学报,2015, 22(4): 1-7.WU Xiao, LI Jianjun, ZHENG Zhizhen, et al. Research and Application Progress of Metal Plastic Forming Mechanism under Vibration Field[J]. Journal of Plasticity Engineering, 2015, 22(4):1-7.
[6] BLAHA F,LANGENECKER B. Elongation of Zinc Monocrystals under Ultrasonic Action[J]. Die Natur Wissenschafen,1955,42(20):556.
[7] GEBHARDT J, FUNKE P. Ziehenvon Drahten Mituberlagerten Ultraschall Schwingungen—Teil Ⅰ/Ⅱ[J]. Draht, 1983, 34(5):199-204.
[8] 王义, 佟宇, 鲍绍箕. 超声振动挤压工艺与常规挤压工艺的对比分析[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 1994(5):573-577.WANG Yi, TONG Yu, BAO Shaoqi. Comparison and Analysis of Ultrasonic Vibration Extrusion Process and Conventional Extrusion Process[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 1994(5):573-577.
[9] 蔡改贫,翁海珊,姜宏志,等.振动拉拔的非局部摩擦问题的近似求解及表面效应初探[J].机械工程学报,2006,42(8):190-194.CAI Gaiping, WENG Haishan, JIANG Hongzhi, et al. Approximate Solution and Surface Effect of Non Local Friction Problem of Vibration Drawing[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2006,42(8):190-194.
[10] YANG C, SHAN X, XIE T. Titanium Wire Drawing with Longitudinal-torsional Composite Ultrasonic Vibration [J]. Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2016,83(1/4):645-655.
[11] YANG C, SHAN X, XIE T. A New Piezoelectric Ceramic Longitudinal-torsional Composite Ultrasonic Vibrator for Wire Drawing [J]. Ceramics International, 2015, 41: S625-S630.
[12] 王志恒,杨庆华,胡新华,等. 颤振激励下金属冷挤压成形降载特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2014,48(11): 1983-1993.WANG Zhiheng, YANG Qinghua, HU Xinhua, et al. Load Reduction Characteristics of Metal Cold Extrusion Forming under Flutter Excitation[J]. Journal of Zhengjiang University(Engineering Science), 2014,48(11):1983-1993.
[13] 杨庆华,洪潇潇,王志恒,等.电液颤振对冷挤压塑性成形件金属流线及晶粒组织的影响[J].中国机械工程,2015,26(16):2226-2232.YANG Qinghua, HONG Xiaoxiao, WANG Zhiheng,et al. Impacts of Electro-hydraulic Vibration Aplied in Cold Extrusion of Metal Flow Lines and Grain Structure[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2015,26(16):2226-2232.
[14] HU X, WANG Z, BAO G, et al. Influences of Electric-hydraulic Chattering on Backward Extrusion Process of 6061 Aluminum Alloy[J]. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2015, 25(9): 3056-3063.
[15] HU X, YANG Q, WANG Z, et al. Influence of Electric-hydraulic Chattering on Forward Extrusion Process [J]. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2016, 82(9): 1-10. (编辑胡佳慧)