电力系统中储能发展前景及应用关键问题研究
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摘要
随着储能技术日趋成熟和成本快速下降,中国储能产业快速发展,逐步从研发示范向商业化阶段过渡,但整体来看储能产业还处于发展初期阶段,仍存在发展前景不明晰、技术标准不完善、商业模式和市场机制不清晰等问题。从发展规模、技术经济性、产业链等方面总结中国储能发展现状,基于"源-网-荷-储"协调规划理论,从宏观层面展望新能源大规模发展形势下中长期储能发展前景,研究储能在电力系统中的合理运行方式、与新能源消纳关系等重要问题;从微观层面对储能在电源侧、电网侧和用户侧等场景的应用关键问题及发展对策进行分析,并提出相关建议,为推动中国储能产业健康发展提供参考。
With the maturity of energy storage technologies and rapid decline in cost, China's energy storage industry has developed rapidly, and the application of energy storage in power systems has gradually shifted from demonstration to commercialization phase.However, the energy storage industry is still in its early stage of development, and some problems still exist, such as the unclear development prospects, the unperfected standard systems, and the ill-defined business models and market mechanism. This paper reviews the status quo of China's energy storage development from the aspects of development scale, technological economy and industrial chain. Based on the coordinated planning theory of "generation-grid-load-storage", the prospect of medium and long term energy storage development are investigated from the macro layer, and relevant important issues are studied, such as the rational operation mode of energy storage and its relationship with new energy accommodation. And the key application issues of energy storage in generation side, grid side and user side are analyzed from the microscopic aspects, and related development strategies are studied. Relevant suggestions are put forward to provide support and reference for promoting the healthy development of China's energy storage industry.
With the maturity of energy storage technologies and rapid decline in cost, China's energy storage industry has developed rapidly, and the application of energy storage in power systems has gradually shifted from demonstration to commercialization phase.However, the energy storage industry is still in its early stage of development, and some problems still exist, such as the unclear development prospects, the unperfected standard systems, and the ill-defined business models and market mechanism. This paper reviews the status quo of China's energy storage development from the aspects of development scale, technological economy and industrial chain. Based on the coordinated planning theory of "generation-grid-load-storage", the prospect of medium and long term energy storage development are investigated from the macro layer, and relevant important issues are studied, such as the rational operation mode of energy storage and its relationship with new energy accommodation. And the key application issues of energy storage in generation side, grid side and user side are analyzed from the microscopic aspects, and related development strategies are studied. Relevant suggestions are put forward to provide support and reference for promoting the healthy development of China's energy storage industry.
引文
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[2]王仕俊,平常,薛国斌.考虑共享储能的社区综合能源系统协同优化研究[J].中国电力,2018,51(8):77-84.WANG Shijun,PING Chang,XUE Guobin.Synergic optimization of community energy internet considering the shared energy storage[J].Electric Power,2018,51(8):77-84.
[3]国家电网公司“电网新技术前景研究”项目咨询组.大规模储能技术在电力系统中的应用前景分析[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(1):3-8.Consulting Group of SGCC to Prospects of New Technologies in Power Systems.An analysis of prospects for application of largescale energy storage technology in power systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(1):3-8.
[4]金炜,李宗,葛斐,等.可再生能源高渗透率区域“网-源-储-荷”协调规划案例分析[J].中国电力,2017,50(10):153-158.JIN Wei,LI Zong,GE Fei,et al.Research on“Grid-GenerationStorage-Load”coordinative planning in high renewable energy penetration region-case analysis of Anhui Jinzhai[J].Electric Power,2017,50(10):153-158.
[5]Sandia National Laboratories.Electric power industry needs for gridscale storage applications[R/OL].(2010-12-30)[2018-07-31].https://www.energy.gov/oe/downloads/electric-power-industry-needs-gridscale-storage-applications.
[6]王彩霞,李琼慧,雷雪姣.储能对大比例可再生能源接入电网的调频价值分析[J].中国电力,2016,49(10):148-152.WANG Caixia,LI Qionghui,LEI Xuejiao.Methodology for analyzing the value of energy storage to power system frequency control context of high shares of renewable energy[J].Electric Power,2016,49(10):148-152.
[7]BARNHART C J,DALE M,BRANDT A R,et al.The energetic implications of curtailing versus storing solar-and wind-generated electricity[J].Energy&Environmental Science,2013,6(10):2804-2810.
[8]叶季蕾,薛金花,王伟.储能技术在电力系统中的应用现状与前景[J].中国电力,2014,47(3):1-5.YE Jilei,XUE Jinhua,WANG Wei.Application of energy storage technology and its prospect in power system[J].Electric Power,2014,47(3):1-5.
[9]Agora Energiewende.12 Insights on Germany’s Energiewende[R/OL].(2013-02-10)[2018-06-28].https://www.agora-energiewende.de/fileadmin/downloads/publikationen/Agora_12_Insights_on_Germ anys_Energiewende_web.pdf.
[10]STRBAC G,MARKO A.Strategic assessment of the role and value of energy storage systems in the UK low carbon energy future[R/OL].(2012-07-03)[2018-06-28].https://www.carbontrust.com/resources/reports/technology/energy-storage-systems-strategicassessment-role-and-value/.
[11]王再闯,袁铁江.基于储能电站提高风电消纳能力的电源规划研究[J].可再生能源,2014,32(7):954-960.WANG Zaichuang,YUAN Tiejiang.Power planning based on energy storage station to improve accommodation of wind power[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2014,32(7):954-960.
[12]U.S.Department of Energy.Grid energy storage[R/OL].(2013-12-15)[2018-06-28].https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/09/f18/Grid%20Energy%20Storage%20December%202013.pdf.
[13]国网能源研究院.储能技术在电力系统中应用和发展模式研究[R].北京:国网能源研究院,2016.
[14]国网能源研究院.适应新能源大规模接入的储能发展关键问题研究[R]北京:国网能源研究院,2018.
[15]SCHMIDT O,HAWKES A,GAMBHIR A,et al.The future cost of electrical energy storage based on experience rates[J].Nature Energy,2017,2(8):1-3.
[16]KIRBY B,MA O,O'MALLEY M.The value of energy storage for grid applications[R/OL].(2013-08-15)[2018-06-28].http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy13osti/58465.pdf.
[17]Brattle Group.Battery storage development regulatory and market environments[R/OL].(2018-01-18)[2019-01-28].http://files.brattle.com/files/12894_battery_storage_development_regulatory_and_mark et_environments.pdf.
[18]国网能源研究院.适用于电网的先进大容量储能技术综合评估[R].北京:国网能源研究院,2016.
[19]International Renewable Energy Agency.Electricity storage and renewables:costs and markets to 2030[R/OL].(2017-10-20)[2019-01-28].https://www.irena.org/publications/2017/Oct/Electricity-storageand-renewables-costs-and-markets.
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