正交-满意度函数优化灵芝多糖及三萜共提取条件及其清除自由基活性
|
摘要
灵芝Ganoderma lingzhi是我国的一种著名珍稀药用真菌,多糖及三萜类化合物是其主要活性成分提。取乙时醇间水4h溶和液料为液提比取1:剂40,,以多灵糖芝和多三糖萜及的三提萜取提率取分率别为达响到应1值.13,=%正?和交k0-.4满6意%。度优函化数条优件化下乙提醇取含的量多、糖提和取三温萜,前者DPPH自由基清除活性高于热水法提取多糖,后者与乙醇浸提法提取三萜有相近的DPPH自由基清除活性。
Ganoderma lingzhi is a precious and famous traditional Chinese medicinal fungus. Polysaccharides and triterpenoids are the primary bioactive components of this fungus. In the present study, ethanol-water mixture was adopted for extraction of polysaccarides and triterpenoids from G. lingzhi. Based on the extraction rate, four extraction factors including enthanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction duration and solid to liquid ratio were optimized using orthogonal array design coupled with desirability function. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained viz. ethanol concentration of 40%, extraction temperature of 95℃, extraction duration of 4 h, and solid to liquid ratio of 1:40. Under such an optimization,the extraction rate of polysaccharides and triterpeonids reached 1.13% and 0.46%, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the polysaccharides obtained under the optimized conditions was higher than that obtained by hot water extraction. There was no difference between triterpenoids isolated from the optimized co-extraction and those from ethanol extraction.
Ganoderma lingzhi is a precious and famous traditional Chinese medicinal fungus. Polysaccharides and triterpenoids are the primary bioactive components of this fungus. In the present study, ethanol-water mixture was adopted for extraction of polysaccarides and triterpenoids from G. lingzhi. Based on the extraction rate, four extraction factors including enthanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction duration and solid to liquid ratio were optimized using orthogonal array design coupled with desirability function. The optimal extraction conditions were obtained viz. ethanol concentration of 40%, extraction temperature of 95℃, extraction duration of 4 h, and solid to liquid ratio of 1:40. Under such an optimization,the extraction rate of polysaccharides and triterpeonids reached 1.13% and 0.46%, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity of the polysaccharides obtained under the optimized conditions was higher than that obtained by hot water extraction. There was no difference between triterpenoids isolated from the optimized co-extraction and those from ethanol extraction.
引文
Boh B,Berovic M,Zhang J,Lin ZB,2007.Ganoderma lucidum and its pharmaceutically active compounds.Biotechnology Annual Review,13(7):265-301
Brand-Williams W,Cuvelier ME,Berset C,1995.Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity.LWT-Food Science and Technology,28(1):25-30
Chang MY,Tsai GJ,Houng JY,2006.Optimization of medium composition for the submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum by Taguchi array design and steepest ascent method.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,38(3-4):407-414
Chen H,Wang XL,Liu GQ,2015.Optimization of triterpenoid acid extraction from Ganoderma lingzhi fruit bodies and stability under different temperature-time regimes.Acta Edulis Fungi,22(4):58-64(in Chinese)
Chen TQ,Wu YB,Wu JG,Ma L,Dong ZH,Wu JZ,2014.Efficient extraction technology of antioxidant crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum(Lingzhi),ultrasonic-circulating extraction integrating with superfine-pulverization.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,45(1):57-62
Chen Y,Xie MY,Gong XF,2007.Microwave-assisted extraction used for the isolation of total triterpenoid saponins from Ganoderma atrum.Journal of Food Engineering,81(1):162-170
Dai YC,Cao Y,Zhou LW,Wu SH,2013.Notes on the nomenclature of the most widely cultivated Ganoderma species in China.Mycosystema,32(6):947-952(in Chinese)
Derringer G,Suich R,1980.Simultaneous optimization of several response variables.Journal of Quality Technology,12(4):214-219
Dubois M,Gilles KA,Hamilton JK,Rebers PA,Smith F,1956.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances.Analytical Chemistry,28(3):350-356
Fang QH,Zhong JJ,2002.Effect of initial pH on production of ganoderic acid and polysaccharide by submerged fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum.Process Biochemistry,37(7):769-774
Feng J,Feng N,Jia W,Yang Y,Zhang JS,2016.Effects of nitrogen source on triterpene production by Ganoderma lingzhi G0119 based on liquid submerged fermentation.Mycosystema,35(6):722-733(in Chinese)
Hong WL,Tong B,Zhao G,2014.Optimization of extraction process of trierponoides ultrasonic Ganoderma lucidum by response surface method.Food Research and Development,35(11):42-46(in Chinese)
Hu ZY,Cai M,Liang HH,2008.Desirability function approach for the optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of saikosaponins from radix bupleuri.Separation and Purification Technology,61(3):266-275
Huang SQ,Ning ZX,2010.Extraction of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and its immune enhancement activity.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,47(3):336-341
Jia SJ,Xie XC,Deng BW,Peng H,2018.Optimization of technology of microwave extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its antibacterial activity.Northern Horticulture,42(18):118-125(in Chinese)
Jiang SL,Jiang SM,Zeng LC,2006.Method for rapid quantification of total triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum by spectrometry.Acta Agriculture Universitatis Jiangxiensis,28(4):634-636(in Chinese)
Jong SC,Birmingham JM,1992.Medicinal benefits of the mushroom Ganoderma.Advances in Applied Microbiology,37(37):101-134
Kimura Y,Taniguchi M,Baba K,2002.Antitumor and antimetastatic effects on liver of triterpenoid fractions of Ganoderma lucidum:mechanism of action and isolation of an active substance.Anticancer Research,22(6A):3309-3318
Lee KM,Lee SY,Lee HY,1999.Effect of ammonium phosphate on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production of Ganoderma lucidum in an air-lift fermentor.Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,9(6):726-731
Liang L,Huang QH,Wang QF,An YX,Li QW,Zhang LL,Kang PZ,2017.Response surface optimization of microwave-ultrasound extraction technology and free radical scavenging activities of Ganoderma lingzhi triterpenoids.Mycosystema,36(4):512-521(in Chinese)
Liu JF,Feng MY,You LJ,Luo W,Zhao QZ,Zhao MM,2013.Structure and antioxidant properties of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides extracted by ultrasonic wave and hot water.Science and Technology of Food Industry,34(24):88-92(in Chinese)
Ma CW,Feng MY,Zhai XF,Hu MH,You LJ,Luo W,Zhao MM,2013.Optimization for the extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum and their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,44(6):886-894
Meinhart AD,Ballus CA,Bruns RE,Pallone JAL,Godoy HT,2011.Chemometrics optimization of carbohydrate separations in six food matrices by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with anionic surfactant.Talanta,85(1):237-244
Prasad KK,Mohan SV,2005.Laccase production by Pleurotus ostreatus 1804:optimization of submerged culture conditions by Taguchi DOE methodology.Biochemical Engineering Journal,24(1):17-26
Qi C,Zhou H,Si JP,Liu JJ,Zhang XF,2012.Analysis of the main active ingredients from different varieties of Ganoderma lucidum.Chinese Journal of Experimental Medical Formulae,18(17):96-100(in Chinese)
Ren XY,He L,Cheng JW,Chang JM,2014.Optimization of the solid-state fermentation and properties of a polysaccharide from Paecilomyces cicadae(Miquel)Samson and its antioxidant activities in vitro.PLoS One,9(2):e87578
Sone Y,Okuda R,Wada N,Kishida E,Misaki A,1985.Structure and antitumor activities of the polysaccharide isolated from fruiting body and the growing culture of mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum.Agricultural and Biological Chemistry,49(9):2641-2653
Song SH,Jia XB,Chen Y,Chen B,Wang LJ,Zhao CL,2008.Extraction of triterpenoids from fruits of Ganoderma lucidum by supercritical fluid extraction.China Journal of Chinese Materia Media,33(17):2104-2107(in Chinese)
Tang YJ,Zhang W,Liu RS,Zhu LW,Zhong JJ,2011.Scale-up study on the fed-batch fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for the hyperproduction of ganoderic acid and Ganoderma polysaccharides.Process Biochemistry,46(1):404-408
Tang YJ,Zhong JJ,2002.Fed-batch fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for hyperproduction of polysaccharide and ganoderic acid.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,31(1-2):20-28
Wang R,Zhu YY,Zhu XY,Wang Q,2015.Optimization of fermentation medium and intracellular polysaccharide extraction technique of Pleurotus pulmonarius.Mycosystema,34(4):787-793(in Chinese)
Xiao CM,Wu XQ,Xu J,Xu HS,Yang SX,Liu L,Zhang YY,Zhao WS,Xiong KH,2018.Optimization of extraction and purification process of triterpenoids from the fruitbodies of Ganoderma lucidum in aqueous two-phase system.Science and Technology of Food Industry,39(9):170-174,180(in Chinese)
Xiao JH,Chen DX,Wan WH,Hu XJ,Qi Y,Liang ZQ,2006.Enhanced simultaneous production of mycelial and intracellular polysaccharide in submerged cultivation of Cordyceps jiangxiensis using desirability functions.Process Biochemistry,41(8):1887-1893
Xu P,Ding ZY,Qian Z,Zhao CX,Zhang KC,2008.Improved production of mycelial biomass and ganoderic acid by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum SB97 using complex media.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,42(4):325-331
Xu YY,2014.Influence of extraction methods on yields and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum.Master Thesis,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou.77-83(in Chinese)
Yang YY,Liu YD,Zhang Y,Shi XZ,2014.Orthogonal optimization for tea polyphenols from green tea based on multi-frequency ultrasound-assisted extraction.Science and Technology of Food Industry,35(19):189-193(in Chinese)
You LJ,Feng MY,Liu JF,Zhao QZ,Luo W,Zhao MM,2013.Characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared by different methods.Modern Food Science and Technology,29(6):1207-1212(in Chinese)
Zhang M,Zhang LN,Cheung PCK,Ooi VEC,2004.Molecular weight and anti-tumor activity of the water-soluble polysaccharides isolated by hot water and ultrasonic treatment from the sclerotia and mycelia of Pleurotus tuber-regium.Carbohydrate Polymers,56(2):123-128
Zhang ZF,Lv GY,He WQ,Shi LG,Pan HJ,Fan LF,2013.Effects of extraction methods on the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides obtained from Flammulina velutipes.Carbohydrate Polymers,98(2):1524-1531
Zhou X,2015.Study on extraction and antioxidation of triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum.Master Thesis,Qilu University of Technology,Jinan.59-64(in Chinese)
Zhu L,Shi JP,Wang CG,Liu L,Li BG,Zhou J,2016.Optimization of enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology.Science and Technology of Food Industry,37(24):238-244(in Chinese)
陈慧,王晓玲,刘高强,2015.灵芝子实体中三萜酸的提取及其稳定性.食用菌学报,22(4):58-64
戴玉成,曹云,周丽伟,吴声华,2013.中国灵芝学名之管见.菌物学报,32(6):947-952
冯杰,冯娜,贾薇,杨焱,张劲松,2016.氮源对灵芝菌丝体液态深层发酵合成灵芝三萜的影响.菌物学报,35(6):722-733
洪文龙,童斌,赵格,2014.响应面法优化灵芝子实体三萜提取工艺的研究.食品研究与开发,35(11):42-46
贾少杰,解修超,邓百万,彭浩,2018.微波辅助提取灵芝多糖的工艺的优化及抑菌活性.北方园艺,42(18):118-125
江绍琳,江绍玫,曾令聪,2006.分光光度法快速测定灵芝中总三萜含量.江西农业大学学报,28(4):634-636
梁磊,黄清铧,王庆福,安玉兴,李奇伟,张柳莲,康佩姿,2017.响应面优化微波-超声波协同提取灵芝三萜工艺及其清除自由基活性.菌物学报,36(4):512-521
刘钧发,冯梦莹,游丽君,罗维,赵强忠,赵谋明,2013.超声和水提法提取灵芝多糖的结构和抗氧化性的比较研究.食品工业科技,34(24):88-92
齐川,周慧,斯金平,刘京晶,张新凤,2012.不同品种灵芝主要活性成分分析.中国实验方剂学杂志,18(17):96-100
宋师花,贾晓斌,陈彦,陈斌,王丽静,赵呈雷,2008.超临界CO2萃取灵芝子实体中的三萜类成分.中国中药杂志,33(17):2104-2107
王瑞,朱宴妍,朱相杨,王琦,2015.肺形侧耳发酵培养基优化及多糖提取工艺.菌物学报,34(4):787-793
肖丛梅,吴学谦,徐娟,许海顺,杨胜祥,刘玲,张亚瑶,赵唯实,熊科辉,2018.双水相法分离纯化灵芝中三萜的工艺优化.食品工业科技,39(9):170-174,180
徐阳阳,2014.不同提取方法对灵芝活性成分提取率及抗氧化活性的影响.福建农林大学硕士论文,福州.77-83
杨雅瑜,刘玉德,张媛,石学智,2014.正交实验优化多频超声波辅助法提取绿茶茶多酚工艺.食品工业科技,35(19):189-193
游丽君,冯梦莹,刘钧发,赵强忠,罗维,赵谋明,2013.不同提取方法对灵芝多糖性质的影响研究.现代食品科技,29(6):1207-1212
周晓,2015.灵芝中三萜类化合物的提取及其抗氧化活性研究.齐鲁工业大学硕士论文,济南.59-64
朱玲,史吉平,王晨光,刘莉,李保国,周靖,2016.响应面优化灵芝多糖的酶法提取工艺研究.食品工业科技,37(24):238-244
Brand-Williams W,Cuvelier ME,Berset C,1995.Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity.LWT-Food Science and Technology,28(1):25-30
Chang MY,Tsai GJ,Houng JY,2006.Optimization of medium composition for the submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum by Taguchi array design and steepest ascent method.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,38(3-4):407-414
Chen H,Wang XL,Liu GQ,2015.Optimization of triterpenoid acid extraction from Ganoderma lingzhi fruit bodies and stability under different temperature-time regimes.Acta Edulis Fungi,22(4):58-64(in Chinese)
Chen TQ,Wu YB,Wu JG,Ma L,Dong ZH,Wu JZ,2014.Efficient extraction technology of antioxidant crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum(Lingzhi),ultrasonic-circulating extraction integrating with superfine-pulverization.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,45(1):57-62
Chen Y,Xie MY,Gong XF,2007.Microwave-assisted extraction used for the isolation of total triterpenoid saponins from Ganoderma atrum.Journal of Food Engineering,81(1):162-170
Dai YC,Cao Y,Zhou LW,Wu SH,2013.Notes on the nomenclature of the most widely cultivated Ganoderma species in China.Mycosystema,32(6):947-952(in Chinese)
Derringer G,Suich R,1980.Simultaneous optimization of several response variables.Journal of Quality Technology,12(4):214-219
Dubois M,Gilles KA,Hamilton JK,Rebers PA,Smith F,1956.Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances.Analytical Chemistry,28(3):350-356
Fang QH,Zhong JJ,2002.Effect of initial pH on production of ganoderic acid and polysaccharide by submerged fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum.Process Biochemistry,37(7):769-774
Feng J,Feng N,Jia W,Yang Y,Zhang JS,2016.Effects of nitrogen source on triterpene production by Ganoderma lingzhi G0119 based on liquid submerged fermentation.Mycosystema,35(6):722-733(in Chinese)
Hong WL,Tong B,Zhao G,2014.Optimization of extraction process of trierponoides ultrasonic Ganoderma lucidum by response surface method.Food Research and Development,35(11):42-46(in Chinese)
Hu ZY,Cai M,Liang HH,2008.Desirability function approach for the optimization of microwave-assisted extraction of saikosaponins from radix bupleuri.Separation and Purification Technology,61(3):266-275
Huang SQ,Ning ZX,2010.Extraction of polysaccharide from Ganoderma lucidum and its immune enhancement activity.International Journal of Biological Macromolecules,47(3):336-341
Jia SJ,Xie XC,Deng BW,Peng H,2018.Optimization of technology of microwave extraction of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and its antibacterial activity.Northern Horticulture,42(18):118-125(in Chinese)
Jiang SL,Jiang SM,Zeng LC,2006.Method for rapid quantification of total triterpenoids in Ganoderma lucidum by spectrometry.Acta Agriculture Universitatis Jiangxiensis,28(4):634-636(in Chinese)
Jong SC,Birmingham JM,1992.Medicinal benefits of the mushroom Ganoderma.Advances in Applied Microbiology,37(37):101-134
Kimura Y,Taniguchi M,Baba K,2002.Antitumor and antimetastatic effects on liver of triterpenoid fractions of Ganoderma lucidum:mechanism of action and isolation of an active substance.Anticancer Research,22(6A):3309-3318
Lee KM,Lee SY,Lee HY,1999.Effect of ammonium phosphate on mycelial growth and exopolysaccharide production of Ganoderma lucidum in an air-lift fermentor.Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology,9(6):726-731
Liang L,Huang QH,Wang QF,An YX,Li QW,Zhang LL,Kang PZ,2017.Response surface optimization of microwave-ultrasound extraction technology and free radical scavenging activities of Ganoderma lingzhi triterpenoids.Mycosystema,36(4):512-521(in Chinese)
Liu JF,Feng MY,You LJ,Luo W,Zhao QZ,Zhao MM,2013.Structure and antioxidant properties of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides extracted by ultrasonic wave and hot water.Science and Technology of Food Industry,34(24):88-92(in Chinese)
Ma CW,Feng MY,Zhai XF,Hu MH,You LJ,Luo W,Zhao MM,2013.Optimization for the extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum and their antioxidant and antiproliferative activities.Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,44(6):886-894
Meinhart AD,Ballus CA,Bruns RE,Pallone JAL,Godoy HT,2011.Chemometrics optimization of carbohydrate separations in six food matrices by micellar electrokinetic chromatography with anionic surfactant.Talanta,85(1):237-244
Prasad KK,Mohan SV,2005.Laccase production by Pleurotus ostreatus 1804:optimization of submerged culture conditions by Taguchi DOE methodology.Biochemical Engineering Journal,24(1):17-26
Qi C,Zhou H,Si JP,Liu JJ,Zhang XF,2012.Analysis of the main active ingredients from different varieties of Ganoderma lucidum.Chinese Journal of Experimental Medical Formulae,18(17):96-100(in Chinese)
Ren XY,He L,Cheng JW,Chang JM,2014.Optimization of the solid-state fermentation and properties of a polysaccharide from Paecilomyces cicadae(Miquel)Samson and its antioxidant activities in vitro.PLoS One,9(2):e87578
Sone Y,Okuda R,Wada N,Kishida E,Misaki A,1985.Structure and antitumor activities of the polysaccharide isolated from fruiting body and the growing culture of mycelium of Ganoderma lucidum.Agricultural and Biological Chemistry,49(9):2641-2653
Song SH,Jia XB,Chen Y,Chen B,Wang LJ,Zhao CL,2008.Extraction of triterpenoids from fruits of Ganoderma lucidum by supercritical fluid extraction.China Journal of Chinese Materia Media,33(17):2104-2107(in Chinese)
Tang YJ,Zhang W,Liu RS,Zhu LW,Zhong JJ,2011.Scale-up study on the fed-batch fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for the hyperproduction of ganoderic acid and Ganoderma polysaccharides.Process Biochemistry,46(1):404-408
Tang YJ,Zhong JJ,2002.Fed-batch fermentation of Ganoderma lucidum for hyperproduction of polysaccharide and ganoderic acid.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,31(1-2):20-28
Wang R,Zhu YY,Zhu XY,Wang Q,2015.Optimization of fermentation medium and intracellular polysaccharide extraction technique of Pleurotus pulmonarius.Mycosystema,34(4):787-793(in Chinese)
Xiao CM,Wu XQ,Xu J,Xu HS,Yang SX,Liu L,Zhang YY,Zhao WS,Xiong KH,2018.Optimization of extraction and purification process of triterpenoids from the fruitbodies of Ganoderma lucidum in aqueous two-phase system.Science and Technology of Food Industry,39(9):170-174,180(in Chinese)
Xiao JH,Chen DX,Wan WH,Hu XJ,Qi Y,Liang ZQ,2006.Enhanced simultaneous production of mycelial and intracellular polysaccharide in submerged cultivation of Cordyceps jiangxiensis using desirability functions.Process Biochemistry,41(8):1887-1893
Xu P,Ding ZY,Qian Z,Zhao CX,Zhang KC,2008.Improved production of mycelial biomass and ganoderic acid by submerged culture of Ganoderma lucidum SB97 using complex media.Enzyme and Microbial Technology,42(4):325-331
Xu YY,2014.Influence of extraction methods on yields and antioxidant activity of Ganoderma lucidum.Master Thesis,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou.77-83(in Chinese)
Yang YY,Liu YD,Zhang Y,Shi XZ,2014.Orthogonal optimization for tea polyphenols from green tea based on multi-frequency ultrasound-assisted extraction.Science and Technology of Food Industry,35(19):189-193(in Chinese)
You LJ,Feng MY,Liu JF,Zhao QZ,Luo W,Zhao MM,2013.Characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide prepared by different methods.Modern Food Science and Technology,29(6):1207-1212(in Chinese)
Zhang M,Zhang LN,Cheung PCK,Ooi VEC,2004.Molecular weight and anti-tumor activity of the water-soluble polysaccharides isolated by hot water and ultrasonic treatment from the sclerotia and mycelia of Pleurotus tuber-regium.Carbohydrate Polymers,56(2):123-128
Zhang ZF,Lv GY,He WQ,Shi LG,Pan HJ,Fan LF,2013.Effects of extraction methods on the antioxidant activities of polysaccharides obtained from Flammulina velutipes.Carbohydrate Polymers,98(2):1524-1531
Zhou X,2015.Study on extraction and antioxidation of triterpenoids from Ganoderma lucidum.Master Thesis,Qilu University of Technology,Jinan.59-64(in Chinese)
Zhu L,Shi JP,Wang CG,Liu L,Li BG,Zhou J,2016.Optimization of enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum using response surface methodology.Science and Technology of Food Industry,37(24):238-244(in Chinese)
陈慧,王晓玲,刘高强,2015.灵芝子实体中三萜酸的提取及其稳定性.食用菌学报,22(4):58-64
戴玉成,曹云,周丽伟,吴声华,2013.中国灵芝学名之管见.菌物学报,32(6):947-952
冯杰,冯娜,贾薇,杨焱,张劲松,2016.氮源对灵芝菌丝体液态深层发酵合成灵芝三萜的影响.菌物学报,35(6):722-733
洪文龙,童斌,赵格,2014.响应面法优化灵芝子实体三萜提取工艺的研究.食品研究与开发,35(11):42-46
贾少杰,解修超,邓百万,彭浩,2018.微波辅助提取灵芝多糖的工艺的优化及抑菌活性.北方园艺,42(18):118-125
江绍琳,江绍玫,曾令聪,2006.分光光度法快速测定灵芝中总三萜含量.江西农业大学学报,28(4):634-636
梁磊,黄清铧,王庆福,安玉兴,李奇伟,张柳莲,康佩姿,2017.响应面优化微波-超声波协同提取灵芝三萜工艺及其清除自由基活性.菌物学报,36(4):512-521
刘钧发,冯梦莹,游丽君,罗维,赵强忠,赵谋明,2013.超声和水提法提取灵芝多糖的结构和抗氧化性的比较研究.食品工业科技,34(24):88-92
齐川,周慧,斯金平,刘京晶,张新凤,2012.不同品种灵芝主要活性成分分析.中国实验方剂学杂志,18(17):96-100
宋师花,贾晓斌,陈彦,陈斌,王丽静,赵呈雷,2008.超临界CO2萃取灵芝子实体中的三萜类成分.中国中药杂志,33(17):2104-2107
王瑞,朱宴妍,朱相杨,王琦,2015.肺形侧耳发酵培养基优化及多糖提取工艺.菌物学报,34(4):787-793
肖丛梅,吴学谦,徐娟,许海顺,杨胜祥,刘玲,张亚瑶,赵唯实,熊科辉,2018.双水相法分离纯化灵芝中三萜的工艺优化.食品工业科技,39(9):170-174,180
徐阳阳,2014.不同提取方法对灵芝活性成分提取率及抗氧化活性的影响.福建农林大学硕士论文,福州.77-83
杨雅瑜,刘玉德,张媛,石学智,2014.正交实验优化多频超声波辅助法提取绿茶茶多酚工艺.食品工业科技,35(19):189-193
游丽君,冯梦莹,刘钧发,赵强忠,罗维,赵谋明,2013.不同提取方法对灵芝多糖性质的影响研究.现代食品科技,29(6):1207-1212
周晓,2015.灵芝中三萜类化合物的提取及其抗氧化活性研究.齐鲁工业大学硕士论文,济南.59-64
朱玲,史吉平,王晨光,刘莉,李保国,周靖,2016.响应面优化灵芝多糖的酶法提取工艺研究.食品工业科技,37(24):238-244