社区中老年人元记忆特征与抑郁情绪的相关性
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摘要
[目的]探讨重庆市社区中老年人的元记忆特征及其影响因素,为社区护士开展阿尔茨海默病的一级预防提供理论依据。[方法]采用一般资料调查表、多因素记忆问卷(MMQ)、简易精神状态量表(MMSE)和老年抑郁量表(GDS)对254例研究对象进行调查。[结果]MMQ的记忆满意度维度得分为(42.40±9.86)分,记忆能力维度为(55.60±11.38)分,记忆策略维度为(23.38±9.44)分,且3个维度均与GDS相关;多元逐步回归分析显示MMQ的3个维度得分均受GDS得分以及性别、年龄、受教育年限等人口学因素影响。[结论]社区中老年人元记忆主要受抑郁情绪影响,同时也受人口学因素影响。社区护士在开展疾病预防及管理工作中,应重视该人群的记忆主诉,及时提供早期预防、筛查及转诊服务。
Objective:To explore the characteristics of meta-memory and its influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly people in Chongqing community,and to provide a theoretical basis for community nurses to carry out primary prevention of Alzheimer′s disease.Methods:A total of 254 cases were investigated by general data questionnaire,Multivariate Memory Questionnaire(MMQ),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).Results:The memory satisfaction dimension score of MMQ was(42.40±9.86),the memory ability dimension was(55.60±11.38),the memory strategy dimension was(23.38±9.44),and all three dimensions were related to GDS.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the three dimensions of MMQ were affected by GDS scores and demographic factors including gender,age,and years of schooling.Conclusions:The meta-memory of the community elderly was mainly affected by depression and also by demographic factors.Community nurses should pay attention to the memory complaints of the population in the prevention and management of diseases,and provide early prevention,screening,and referral services in a timely manner.
Objective:To explore the characteristics of meta-memory and its influencing factors among middle-aged and elderly people in Chongqing community,and to provide a theoretical basis for community nurses to carry out primary prevention of Alzheimer′s disease.Methods:A total of 254 cases were investigated by general data questionnaire,Multivariate Memory Questionnaire(MMQ),Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),and Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS).Results:The memory satisfaction dimension score of MMQ was(42.40±9.86),the memory ability dimension was(55.60±11.38),the memory strategy dimension was(23.38±9.44),and all three dimensions were related to GDS.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the three dimensions of MMQ were affected by GDS scores and demographic factors including gender,age,and years of schooling.Conclusions:The meta-memory of the community elderly was mainly affected by depression and also by demographic factors.Community nurses should pay attention to the memory complaints of the population in the prevention and management of diseases,and provide early prevention,screening,and referral services in a timely manner.
引文
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[18]谢姣,高艳斌.社区老年人认知功能及其影响因素的相关性[J].中国老年学杂志,2010,30(12):3759-3761.XIE J,GAO Y B.Correlation between cognitive function and influencing factors in the community[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2010,30(12):3759-3761.
[19]JESSEN F,BACHMANN C,EIFFLAENDER-GORFER S.Prediction of dementia by subjective memory impairment[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,2010,67(4):414-422.
[20]CHUNG J C C,MAN D W K.Self-appraised,informant-reported,and objective memory and cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment[J].Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders,2009,27(2):187-193.
[21]SHARP E S,GATZ M.Relationship between education and dementia[J].Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord,2011,25(4):289-304.
[22]GAUGLER J E,HOVATER M,ROTH D L,et al.Depressive,functional status and neuropsychiatric symptom trajectories before an Azheimer′s disease diagnosis[J].Aging Ment Health,2014,18(1):110-116.
[23]纪南南,王玉环.国外老年人轻度认知功能障碍影响因素研究现况[J].中国老年学杂志,2016(10):2560-2562.JI N N,WANG Y H.Current status of influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in elderly countries[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2016(10):2560-2562.
[24]WINBLAD B,AMOUYEL P,ANDRIEU S,et al.Defeating Alzheimer′s disease and other dementias:apriority for European science and society[J].Lancet Neurol,2016,15(5):455-532.
[25]李静.济南市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的调查[J].护理研究,2013,21(7C):2196-2197.LI J.Survet of mild cognitive impairment in old people in community of Jinan city[J].Chinese Nursing Research,2013,21(7C):2196-2197.
[2]MCDADE E,BATEMAN R J.Stop Alzheimer′s before it starts[J].Nature,2017,547(13):153-155.
[3]李小雪,李峥.与痴呆相关的主观认知减退研究现状[J].中国护理管理,2017,17(10):1410-1413.LI X X,LI Z.A little review on cognitive decline associated with dementia[J].Chinese Nursing Management,2017,17(10):1410-1413.
[4]梁小妞,丁玎,罗剑锋,等.焦虑和抑郁症状与老年认知功能障碍的相关性研究[J].中国临床神经科学,2015,23(6):635-641.LIANG X N,DING D,LUO J F,et al,The association between anxiety and depression symptoms and cognitive impairment in elderly[J].Chin J Clin Neurosei,2015,23(6):635-641.
[5]张振新,明文.元记忆监测研究的横向研究[J].心理科学,2012,35(5):1102-1106.ZHANG Z X,MING W.Horizontal study of metamemory monitoring research[J].Journal of Psychological Science,2012,35(5):1102-1106.
[6]WELLMAN H M.Trends in memory development research[M].[S.L.]:Karger Publishers,1983:31-51.
[7]TROYER A K,RICH J B.Psychometric properties of a new metamemory questionnaire for older adults[J].Journal of Gerontology Psychological Sciences,2002,57B(1):19-27.
[8]KATZMAN R,ZHANG M,QU Q,et al.A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination;impact of illiteracy in a Shanghai dementia survey[J].J Clin Epidemiol,1988,41(10):971-978.
[9]FORT I,ADOUL L,HOLL D.Psychometric properties of the french version of the multifactorial memory questionnaire for adults and the elderly[J].Canadian Journal on Aging,2005,23(4):347-357.
[10]VAN DER WERF S P,VOS S H.Memory worries and self-reported daily forgetfulness_apsychometric evaluation of the dutch translation of the multifactorial memory questionnaire[J].The Clinical Neuropsychologist,2011,25(2):228-244.
[11]GENZIANI M,STEWART R,BJOT Y,et al.Subjective memory impairment,objective cognitive functioning and social activity in French older people:findings from the three cities study[J].Geriatrics&Gerontology International,2013,13(1):139-145.
[12]孟昱林,张海艳,王金环,等.唐山市826例老年人认知功能调查及相关因素分析[J].中国老年学杂志,2014,34(5):2531-2533.MENG Y L,ZHANG H Y,WANG J H,et al.Investigation on cognitive function and related factors of 826elderly people in Tangshan City[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2014,34(5):2531-2533.
[13]赵连生,王英成,韦锦学,等.性别、年龄、教育年限及多巴胺受体4基因多态性与成人认知功能的关联研究[J].中华医学遗传学杂志,2015,32(3):391-394.ZHAO L S,WANG Y C,WEI J X,et al.Association of gender,age,education and polymorphism of DRD4gene with cognitive functions in adults[J].Chin J Med Genet,2015,32(3):391-394.
[14]AMEN D G,TRUJILLO M,KEATOR D,et al.Gender-based cerbral perfusion difference in 46034functional neuroimaging scans[J].Journal of Alzheimers Disease,2017,60(2):605-614.
[15]PRINA D M,PENDER R,FERRI D C,et al.World Alzheimer report 2014-dementia and risk reduction:an analysis of protective and modifiable factors[R].Dementia and Risk Reduction,2014:1.
[16]MONTEJO CARRASCO P,MONTENEGRO-PEA M,LPEZ-HIGES R,et al.Subjective memory complaints in healthy older adults:fewer complaints associated with depression and perceived health,more complaints also associated with lower memory performance[J].Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics,2017,70:28-37.
[17]王爱民,黄灿,周颖,等.长沙市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍患病情况及影响因素[J].中国老年学杂志,2016,36(7):1743-1745.WANG A M,HUANG C,ZHOU Y,et al.Prevalence and influencing factors and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly in Changsha community[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2016,36(7):1743-1745.
[18]谢姣,高艳斌.社区老年人认知功能及其影响因素的相关性[J].中国老年学杂志,2010,30(12):3759-3761.XIE J,GAO Y B.Correlation between cognitive function and influencing factors in the community[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2010,30(12):3759-3761.
[19]JESSEN F,BACHMANN C,EIFFLAENDER-GORFER S.Prediction of dementia by subjective memory impairment[J].Arch Gen Psychiatry,2010,67(4):414-422.
[20]CHUNG J C C,MAN D W K.Self-appraised,informant-reported,and objective memory and cognitive function in mild cognitive impairment[J].Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders,2009,27(2):187-193.
[21]SHARP E S,GATZ M.Relationship between education and dementia[J].Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord,2011,25(4):289-304.
[22]GAUGLER J E,HOVATER M,ROTH D L,et al.Depressive,functional status and neuropsychiatric symptom trajectories before an Azheimer′s disease diagnosis[J].Aging Ment Health,2014,18(1):110-116.
[23]纪南南,王玉环.国外老年人轻度认知功能障碍影响因素研究现况[J].中国老年学杂志,2016(10):2560-2562.JI N N,WANG Y H.Current status of influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in elderly countries[J].Chinese Journal of Gerontology,2016(10):2560-2562.
[24]WINBLAD B,AMOUYEL P,ANDRIEU S,et al.Defeating Alzheimer′s disease and other dementias:apriority for European science and society[J].Lancet Neurol,2016,15(5):455-532.
[25]李静.济南市社区老年人轻度认知功能障碍的调查[J].护理研究,2013,21(7C):2196-2197.LI J.Survet of mild cognitive impairment in old people in community of Jinan city[J].Chinese Nursing Research,2013,21(7C):2196-2197.
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