原杭州炼油厂地块重金属污染及其生态风险
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摘要
以原杭州炼油厂地块为研究对象,测定地块土壤中铜、锌、镍、铬、铅、镉、汞、砷8种重金属含量,并采用Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法和人体健康暴露风险评价法对该地块重金属污染进行风险等级评估.Hakanson潜在生态风险评估表明:原杭州炼油厂地块42.86%采样点为五级极强潜在生态风险;42.86%采样点为三级重度潜在生态风险;14.29%采样点为一级轻微生态风险.人体健康暴露风险评估表明:该地块对于成人和儿童均存在影响显著的致癌风险,同时对儿童还存在影响显著的非致癌风险.
Taking original Hangzhou Oil Refinery as the object, the content of copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in the soil were measured. And using Hakanson's potential ecological risk index assessment method and the exposed human health risk assessment method, the risk level of heavy metals was assessed. Hakanson's potential ecological risk assessment indicated that 42.86% of the sampling sites had extremely strong potential ecological risk of level 5. 42.86% of the sampling sites had severe potential ecological risks of level 3. 14.29% of the sampling sites had slight ecological risk of level 1. Human health exposure risk assessment showed that original Hangzhou Oil Refinery had significant carcinogenic risks for both adults and children, and it also had significant non-carcinogenic risks for children.
Taking original Hangzhou Oil Refinery as the object, the content of copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in the soil were measured. And using Hakanson's potential ecological risk index assessment method and the exposed human health risk assessment method, the risk level of heavy metals was assessed. Hakanson's potential ecological risk assessment indicated that 42.86% of the sampling sites had extremely strong potential ecological risk of level 5. 42.86% of the sampling sites had severe potential ecological risks of level 3. 14.29% of the sampling sites had slight ecological risk of level 1. Human health exposure risk assessment showed that original Hangzhou Oil Refinery had significant carcinogenic risks for both adults and children, and it also had significant non-carcinogenic risks for children.
引文
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[3] 徐建明,孟俊,刘杏梅,等.我国农田土壤重金属污染防治与粮食安全保障[J].中国科学学院院刊,2018,33(2):153-159.
[4] 周建军,周桔,冯仁国.我国土壤重金属污染现状及治理战略[J].中国科学学院院刊,2014,29(3):315-320.
[5] 蔡美芳,李开明,谢丹平,等.我国耕地土壤重金属污染现状与防治对策研究[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(120):223-230.
[6] TENG Y,NI S,WANG J,et al.A geochemical survey of trace elements in agricultural and non-agricultural topsoil in Dexing area,China[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2010,104 (3):118-127.
[7] 严光生,谢学锦.“化学定时炸弹”与可持续发展[J].中国地质,2001,28(1):13-18.
[8] 余世清,杨强.杭州城市土壤重金属污染研究进展及展望[J].环境科学与管理,2011,36(4):44-49.
[9] HAKANSON L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control.A sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[10] 成杭新,李括,李敏,等.中国城市土壤化学元素的背景值与基准值[J].地学前缘,2008,31(2):265-306.
[11] 徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[12] US EPA.Risk assessment guidance for superfund Volume I human health evaluation manual (Part A):EPA/540/1-89/002[S].Washington DC:US EPA,1989.
[13] US EPA.Waste and cleanup risk assessment[S].Washington DC:US EPA,2009.
[14] 苏毅,杨延梅,岳波,等.典型废矿物油的产生工艺及其重金属浓度特征[J].环境工程技术学报,2015,25(5):106-113.
[15] 李静,谢正苗,徐建明,等.杭州市郊蔬菜地土壤重金属环境质量评价[J].生态环境,2003,12(3):277-280.
[16] 郑洪萍.福建省耕地土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价[J].福建农业学报,2012,27(8):888-894.
[17] 李立全.白油及白油生产技术[J].润滑油,2003,18 (4):1-6.
[18] DING M,SHI X.Molecular mechanisms of Cr (Ⅵ)-induced carcinogenesis[J].Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,2002,234/235(1/2):293-300.
[19] COUSSENS L M,WERB Z.Inflammation and cancer[J].Nature,2002,420(6917):860-867.
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