胶合竹木梁抗弯性能试验研究
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摘要
以重组竹、胶合竹和云杉为层板材料,设计制作10组共计30根由六层层板胶合成的胶合竹木梁试件,并对其进行受弯性能试验,试验参数包括工程竹种类、层数、布置位置等;分析了各组试件的破坏模式、等效弹性模量、屈服荷载、承载力、变形能力及应变分布,通过不同胶合竹木梁组合方式的对比,提出最优组合方案;并根据组合梁的应变分布和简化本构关系,采用分层叠加法计算了各种层板组合方式胶合竹木梁的受弯承载力,同时对层板间胶层抗剪强度需求进行了分析。结果表明,在云杉胶合木梁的受拉一侧胶合工程竹板后,胶合竹木梁破坏时的变形能力较相同尺寸的纯云杉胶合木梁有明显提升,提升幅度为64.8%～123.9%;而在云杉胶合木梁的拉压区都胶合工程竹板后,承载能力和变形能力较相同尺寸的纯云杉胶合木梁都有显著提升,承载力提升幅度为63.9%～97.0%,破坏时的变形能力提升幅度为124.8%～167.5%;上部一层和下部两层木板替换成工程竹板后,承载力较纯云杉胶合木梁提高了82.3%,基本接近纯工程竹梁的力学性能,是较优的层板组合方案。
A total of ten groups of six-layer glued-laminated-timber-bamboo beams with 30 specimens were tested under flexural loads.The laminate materials include bamboo scrimber,laminated bamboo and spruce.The test parameters included the type of engineered bamboo,number and position of the bamboo laminates.The failure modes,equivalent elastic modulus,yield loads,loading capacities,deformation capacities and strain distribution were analyzed.Through the comparison of different laminates combination of engineering bamboo and timber,the optimal design method was proposed.According to the strain distribution of the laminated beams and the simplified stress-strain relationships,the flexural capacities were calculated with the method of layered superposition.The requirement on shear strength of the glued layer was also analyzed.The test results show that with the action of engineered bamboo in the outmost tensile layers,the deformation capacities of the composite beams are obviously improved by 64.8%-123.9%,compared with the spruce beams of the same size.In addition,the engineered bamboo in the outmost tensile and compression layers can enhance both the carrying capacities and deformation capacities:the load carrying capacities are improved by63.9%-97.0%,and the deformation capacities are improved by 124.8%-167.5%,compared with the spruce beams of the same size.Among the tested six-layer laminated beams,with the upper one layer and lower two layers replaced by engineered bamboo,the load carrying capacity is increased by 82.3%,which is basically close to the capacity of engineered members and was an optimized laminate combination.
A total of ten groups of six-layer glued-laminated-timber-bamboo beams with 30 specimens were tested under flexural loads.The laminate materials include bamboo scrimber,laminated bamboo and spruce.The test parameters included the type of engineered bamboo,number and position of the bamboo laminates.The failure modes,equivalent elastic modulus,yield loads,loading capacities,deformation capacities and strain distribution were analyzed.Through the comparison of different laminates combination of engineering bamboo and timber,the optimal design method was proposed.According to the strain distribution of the laminated beams and the simplified stress-strain relationships,the flexural capacities were calculated with the method of layered superposition.The requirement on shear strength of the glued layer was also analyzed.The test results show that with the action of engineered bamboo in the outmost tensile layers,the deformation capacities of the composite beams are obviously improved by 64.8%-123.9%,compared with the spruce beams of the same size.In addition,the engineered bamboo in the outmost tensile and compression layers can enhance both the carrying capacities and deformation capacities:the load carrying capacities are improved by63.9%-97.0%,and the deformation capacities are improved by 124.8%-167.5%,compared with the spruce beams of the same size.Among the tested six-layer laminated beams,with the upper one layer and lower two layers replaced by engineered bamboo,the load carrying capacity is increased by 82.3%,which is basically close to the capacity of engineered members and was an optimized laminate combination.
引文
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[21]龙卫国,杨学兵,王永维,等.木结构设计手册[M].3版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.(LONGWeiguo,YANG Xuebin,WANG Yongwei,et al.Design manual for timber structures[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.(in Chinese))
[2]李海涛,张齐生,吴刚,等.竹集成材研究进展[J].林业工程学报,2016,1(6):10-16.(LI Haitao,ZHANG Qisheng,WU Gang,et al.A review on development of laminated bamboo lumber[J].Journal of Forestry Engineering,2016,1(6):10-16.(in Chinese))
[3]于文吉,余养伦.我国木、竹重组材产业发展的现状与前景[J].木材工业,2013,27(1):5-8.(YUWenji,YU Yanglun.Development and prospect of wood and bamboo scrimber industry in China[J].China Wood Industry,2013,27(1):5-8.(in Chinese))
[4]American Wood Council(AWC).ASD/LRFD manual for engineered wood construction[M].Washington DC,USA:AWC,2015.
[5]British Standards International(BSI).Timber structures:glued laminated timber and glued solid timber:requirements:BS EN 14080:2013[S].London:BSI,2013.
[6]刘伟庆,杨会峰.工程木梁的受弯性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2008,29(1):90-95.(LIUWeiqing,YANG Huifeng.Experimental study on flexural behavior of engineered wood beams[J].Journal of Building Structures,2008,29(1):90-95.(in Chinese))
[7]杨会峰,刘伟庆.FRP增强胶合木梁的受弯性能研究[J].建筑结构学报,2007,28(1):64-71.(YANG Huifeng,LIU Weiqing.Study on flexural behavior of FRP reinforced glulam beams[J].Journal of Building Structures,2007,28(1):64-71.(in Chinese))
[8]OSMANNEZHAD S,FAEZIPOUR M,EBRAHIMI G.Effects of GFRP on bending strength of glulam made of poplar(Populus deltoids)and beech(Fagusorientalis)[J].Construction and Building Materials,2014,51:34-39.
[9]FERRIER E,LABOSSIERE P,NEALE K.Mechanical behavior of an innovative hybrid beam made of glulam and ultrahigh-performance concrete reinforced with FRPor steel[J].Journal of Composites for Construction,2009,14(2):217-223.
[10]淳庆,潘建伍,包兆鼎.碳-芳混杂纤维布加固木梁抗弯性能试验研究[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,41(1):168-173.(CHUN Qing,PAN Jianwu,BAO Zhaoding.Experimental study on bending behavior of timber beams strengthened with CFRP/AFRP hybrid FRP sheet[J].Journal of Southeast University(Natural Science Edition),2011,41(1):168-173.(in Chinese))
[11]许清风,朱雷,陈建飞,等.粘贴钢板加固木梁试验研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,43(3):1153-1159.(XU Qingfeng,ZHU Lei,CHENJianfei,et al.Experimental study of timber beams strengthened with steel plates[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2012,43(3):1153-1159.(in Chinese))
[12]许清风,朱雷,陈建飞,等.内嵌CFRP筋/片加固木梁受弯性能试验研究[J].建筑结构学报,2012,33(8):149-156.(XU Qingfeng,ZHU Lei,CHENJianfei,et al.Experimental study on flexural behavior of strengthening timber beams with near surface mounted CFRP bars and strips[J].Journal of Building Structures,2012,33(8):149-156.(in Chinese))
[13]XU Q F,LENG Y B,CHEN X,et al.Experimental study on flexural performance of glued-laminatedtimber-bamboo beams[J].Materials and Structures,2018,51(1):9.1-9.14.
[14]American Society for Testing and Materials(ASTM).Standard test methods of static tests of lumber in structural sizes:ASTM D198-15[S].West Conshohocken,USA:ASTM,2015.
[15]木材顺纹抗拉强度试验方法:GB/T 1938-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.(Method of testing in tensile strength parallel to grain of wood:GB/T 1938-2009[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.(in Chinese))
[16]木材顺纹抗压强度试验方法:GB/T 1935-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.(Method of testing in compressive strength parallel to grain of wood:GB/T 1935-2009[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.(in Chinese))
[17]木材抗弯强度试验方法:GB/T 1936.1-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.(Method of testing in bending strength of wood:GB/T 1936.1-2009[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.(in Chinese))
[18]木材抗弯弹性模量测定方法:GB/T 1936.2-2009[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.(Method for determination of the modulus of elasticity in static bending of wood:GB/T 1936.2-2009[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2009.(in Chinese))
[19]PARK R.State of the art report-ductility evaluation from laboratory and analytical testing[C]//Proceedings of Ninth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.Tokyo:Japan Association for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,1988:605-616.
[20]冯鹏,强翰霖,叶列平.材料、构件、结构的“屈服点”定义与讨论[J].工程力学,2017,34(3):36-46.(FENG Peng,QIANG Hanlin,YE Lieping.Discussion and definition on yield points of materials,members and structures[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(3):36-46.(in Chinese))
[21]龙卫国,杨学兵,王永维,等.木结构设计手册[M].3版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2005.(LONGWeiguo,YANG Xuebin,WANG Yongwei,et al.Design manual for timber structures[M].3rd ed.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2005.(in Chinese))