全地质构造格架模型约束下的速度建模技术研究及应用
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摘要
珠三坳陷文昌9、10区处于区域应力转换带,主要发育珠三南断裂及六号断裂,断裂系统复杂;本区近物源区,沉积体系复杂;复杂的构造运动及沉积作用导致本区地层速度纵横向变化大,速度规律复杂;目前常用速度研究方法在本区时深转换和深度预测误差均较大.本文以导致速度规律复杂的地质条件为切入点,分析速度研究面临的困难,以及常用速度研究方法的局限性,提出在地质模式约束下建立全地质构造格架模型,并以该模型作为速度建模的约束,得到与地下真实地层速度展布规律相符的速度模型.将该方法应用到文昌10-X区、阳江S区复杂断裂带的实际勘探中,与实钻井对比,该方法深度预测误差小,变速成图精度高.该方法的成功应用为断裂系统和沉积体系复杂地区的速度研究找到了一种行之有效的研究方法.
The Wenchang 9,10 area of the Zhu-3 Depression is in the regional tectonic stress conversion zone,the fault system is very complex,where developed the South Faults and the 6 th Faults. This area nears provenance,and the sedimentary system is complex.Complex tectonic movement and depositional system causes the strata velocity changes in vertically and horizontally large. With the current used time-depth conversion methods 'in this area,it has huge error on time-depth conversion and depth prediction. Complex velocity is restricted the exploration in this area. Based on the complex velocity laws caused by various complex geological conditions,through analyzing the challenge of velocity research and the limitations of common velocity research methods,come up with build a full geological structure framework under the constraint of geological model,and use the full geological structure framework as a constraint of velocity modeling, a velocity model is obtained which agrees with the velocity distribution of underground real strata. This framework model contains faults framework,strata framework and multiple Zvalue 3 D anomaly; Faults framework and strata framework as a constraint of velocity interpolation,Through initial velocity of multiple Z-value 3 D anomaly,the Full Geological Structure Framework get the velocity anomaly information. With this three models,velocity modeling can get a well constraint. The method is applied to time-depth conversion,depth prediction,structure mapping and well trajectory design in the actual exploration on Wenchang 10-X zone and Yangjiang S zone,where has the complex fault system. Actual exploration indication,compared with commonly used method the new method can get a better velocity model,which has advantages of depths prediction and accuracy on structure map drawing. The successful application with this method has found an effective research method for the study of velocity in complex fault system and depositional system.
The Wenchang 9,10 area of the Zhu-3 Depression is in the regional tectonic stress conversion zone,the fault system is very complex,where developed the South Faults and the 6 th Faults. This area nears provenance,and the sedimentary system is complex.Complex tectonic movement and depositional system causes the strata velocity changes in vertically and horizontally large. With the current used time-depth conversion methods 'in this area,it has huge error on time-depth conversion and depth prediction. Complex velocity is restricted the exploration in this area. Based on the complex velocity laws caused by various complex geological conditions,through analyzing the challenge of velocity research and the limitations of common velocity research methods,come up with build a full geological structure framework under the constraint of geological model,and use the full geological structure framework as a constraint of velocity modeling, a velocity model is obtained which agrees with the velocity distribution of underground real strata. This framework model contains faults framework,strata framework and multiple Zvalue 3 D anomaly; Faults framework and strata framework as a constraint of velocity interpolation,Through initial velocity of multiple Z-value 3 D anomaly,the Full Geological Structure Framework get the velocity anomaly information. With this three models,velocity modeling can get a well constraint. The method is applied to time-depth conversion,depth prediction,structure mapping and well trajectory design in the actual exploration on Wenchang 10-X zone and Yangjiang S zone,where has the complex fault system. Actual exploration indication,compared with commonly used method the new method can get a better velocity model,which has advantages of depths prediction and accuracy on structure map drawing. The successful application with this method has found an effective research method for the study of velocity in complex fault system and depositional system.
引文
CHEN L,DENG Y,GAI Y H,et al.2014.Exploration of time-depth conversion method in complicated fault block-take Weixinan sag for example[J].Progress in Geophysics,29(3):1121-1127,doi:10.6038/pg20140315.
GUO A H,ZHOU J X,ZHANG G D,et al.2010.The Exploration and Application of time-depth conversion method in two kinds of complex structures[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,(11):54-59.
HE M,ZHU M,WANG R L,et al.2007.The discussion of time-depth conversion methods in the baiyun deepwater rough seafloor area[J].Progress in Geophysics,22(3):966-971.
JIA Y R,HE Z H,SHI L T,et al.2011.Structure mapping with transversely variable 3d seismic velocity model in erlian basin[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,33(3):243-247.
JIANG H,WANG H,XIAO J,et al.2008.Control of Paleomorphology to Sedimentary Filling in Marginal Sea Basin---By Taking ZhuⅢDepression for Example[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,30(1):10-15
LI H,CHEN S H,ZHANG Y Z.et al.2014.Faults in the zhu-3depression of pearl river mouth basin and their control over hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Marine geology&quaternary geology,34(3):115-124.
LI H,ZHANG Y Z,NIU C Y,et al.2015.Hydrocarbon Accumulation Pattern Of Wenchang B Sag,Western Pearl River Mouth Basin In The Northern South China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,35(4):133-140.
LI J L,LEI B H,ZHENG Q G,et al.2015.Stress Field Evolution and its Controls on Oil Accumulation in the Wenchang Sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,39(4):601-609.
LI W Z,WANG P J,ZHANG G C,et al.2011.Researches on timedepth conversion of deep-seated basal strata of Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.
LIU H J.2009.Summarization of Seismic Rock Physics Research[J].Petroleum Geophysics,7(3):1-8.
LU J M,WANG Y G.2011.The Principle of Seismic Exploration[M],Dong Yin:China University of Petroleum Press.
Wu L,Li J J,SHI W,et al.2006.3-D velocity model-building method in Bachuxia river work zone[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,41(1):87-92.
YANG J H,ZHOU J X,SONG A X,et al.2015.Multivariate layer stripping based on the origin velocity cube depth conversion method used in deepwater area---take structure of central canyon A for example[J].Progress in Geophysics,30(3):1437-1443,doi:10.6038/pg20150359.
YE Y,SUN W L,SUN K F.2010.Detailed velocity modeling and velocity-variable structure mapping of eight-piecing processing in Tazhong area[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,49(4):401-406.
ZHOU Z L,LU L T,AI J H.2003.The Application Of Velocity In Seismic Interpretation[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,8(1):70-73.
陈林,邓勇,盖永浩,等.2014.复杂断块构造时深转换方法探讨---以涠西南凹陷为例[J].地球物理学进展,29(3):1121-1127,doi:10.6038/pg20140315.
郭爱华,周家雄,张国栋,等.2010.两种复杂构造时深转换方法研究及应用[J].西部探矿工程,(11):54-59.
何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.2007.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,22(3):966-971.
贾义蓉,贺振华,石兰亭,等.2011.变速三维地震速度场的构建与应用[J].物探化探计算技术,33(3):243-247.
姜华,王华,肖军,等.2008.古地貌对边缘海盆地沉积充填特征的控制---以南海珠江口盆地珠三坳陷为例[J].石油天然气学报,30(1):10-15.
李辉,陈胜红,张迎朝,等.2014.珠江口盆地珠三坳陷断裂特征与油气成藏[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,34(3):115-124.
李辉,张迎朝,牛翠银,等2015.南海北部珠江口盆地西区文昌B凹陷油气运聚成藏模式[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(4):133-140.
李俊良,雷宝华,郑求根,等2015.珠江口盆地文昌凹陷应力场演化及其对成藏要素的控制作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,39(4):601-609.
李伍志,王璞珺,张功成,等.2011.珠江口盆地深部基底地层的地震时深转换研究[J].地球物理学报,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.
刘浩杰.2009.地震岩石物理研究综述[J].油气地球物理,7(3):1-8.
陆基孟,王永刚.2011.地震勘探原理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社.
武丽,李剑峰,施炜,等.2006.巴楚夏河工区的三维速度建模方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,41(1):87-92.
杨金海,周家雄,宋爱学,等.2015.基于原始速度体的多元剥层时深转换方法在深海区中的应用与探讨---以中央峡谷A构造为例[J].地球物理学进展,30(3):1437-1443,doi:10.6038/pg20150359.
叶勇,孙武亮,孙开峰.2010.塔中围斜区连片精细速度建模与变速成图[J].石油物探,49(4):401-406.
周仲礼,卢林谭,艾建华.2003.地震处理解释中的速度应用[J].吐哈油气,8(1):70-73.
GUO A H,ZHOU J X,ZHANG G D,et al.2010.The Exploration and Application of time-depth conversion method in two kinds of complex structures[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,(11):54-59.
HE M,ZHU M,WANG R L,et al.2007.The discussion of time-depth conversion methods in the baiyun deepwater rough seafloor area[J].Progress in Geophysics,22(3):966-971.
JIA Y R,HE Z H,SHI L T,et al.2011.Structure mapping with transversely variable 3d seismic velocity model in erlian basin[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,33(3):243-247.
JIANG H,WANG H,XIAO J,et al.2008.Control of Paleomorphology to Sedimentary Filling in Marginal Sea Basin---By Taking ZhuⅢDepression for Example[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,30(1):10-15
LI H,CHEN S H,ZHANG Y Z.et al.2014.Faults in the zhu-3depression of pearl river mouth basin and their control over hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Marine geology&quaternary geology,34(3):115-124.
LI H,ZHANG Y Z,NIU C Y,et al.2015.Hydrocarbon Accumulation Pattern Of Wenchang B Sag,Western Pearl River Mouth Basin In The Northern South China Sea[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,35(4):133-140.
LI J L,LEI B H,ZHENG Q G,et al.2015.Stress Field Evolution and its Controls on Oil Accumulation in the Wenchang Sag[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,39(4):601-609.
LI W Z,WANG P J,ZHANG G C,et al.2011.Researches on timedepth conversion of deep-seated basal strata of Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.
LIU H J.2009.Summarization of Seismic Rock Physics Research[J].Petroleum Geophysics,7(3):1-8.
LU J M,WANG Y G.2011.The Principle of Seismic Exploration[M],Dong Yin:China University of Petroleum Press.
Wu L,Li J J,SHI W,et al.2006.3-D velocity model-building method in Bachuxia river work zone[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,41(1):87-92.
YANG J H,ZHOU J X,SONG A X,et al.2015.Multivariate layer stripping based on the origin velocity cube depth conversion method used in deepwater area---take structure of central canyon A for example[J].Progress in Geophysics,30(3):1437-1443,doi:10.6038/pg20150359.
YE Y,SUN W L,SUN K F.2010.Detailed velocity modeling and velocity-variable structure mapping of eight-piecing processing in Tazhong area[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,49(4):401-406.
ZHOU Z L,LU L T,AI J H.2003.The Application Of Velocity In Seismic Interpretation[J].Tuha Oil&Gas,8(1):70-73.
陈林,邓勇,盖永浩,等.2014.复杂断块构造时深转换方法探讨---以涠西南凹陷为例[J].地球物理学进展,29(3):1121-1127,doi:10.6038/pg20140315.
郭爱华,周家雄,张国栋,等.2010.两种复杂构造时深转换方法研究及应用[J].西部探矿工程,(11):54-59.
何敏,朱明,汪瑞良,等.2007.白云深水崎岖海底区时深转换方法探讨[J].地球物理学进展,22(3):966-971.
贾义蓉,贺振华,石兰亭,等.2011.变速三维地震速度场的构建与应用[J].物探化探计算技术,33(3):243-247.
姜华,王华,肖军,等.2008.古地貌对边缘海盆地沉积充填特征的控制---以南海珠江口盆地珠三坳陷为例[J].石油天然气学报,30(1):10-15.
李辉,陈胜红,张迎朝,等.2014.珠江口盆地珠三坳陷断裂特征与油气成藏[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,34(3):115-124.
李辉,张迎朝,牛翠银,等2015.南海北部珠江口盆地西区文昌B凹陷油气运聚成藏模式[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,35(4):133-140.
李俊良,雷宝华,郑求根,等2015.珠江口盆地文昌凹陷应力场演化及其对成藏要素的控制作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,39(4):601-609.
李伍志,王璞珺,张功成,等.2011.珠江口盆地深部基底地层的地震时深转换研究[J].地球物理学报,54(2):449-456,doi:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.02.023.
刘浩杰.2009.地震岩石物理研究综述[J].油气地球物理,7(3):1-8.
陆基孟,王永刚.2011.地震勘探原理[M].东营:中国石油大学出版社.
武丽,李剑峰,施炜,等.2006.巴楚夏河工区的三维速度建模方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,41(1):87-92.
杨金海,周家雄,宋爱学,等.2015.基于原始速度体的多元剥层时深转换方法在深海区中的应用与探讨---以中央峡谷A构造为例[J].地球物理学进展,30(3):1437-1443,doi:10.6038/pg20150359.
叶勇,孙武亮,孙开峰.2010.塔中围斜区连片精细速度建模与变速成图[J].石油物探,49(4):401-406.
周仲礼,卢林谭,艾建华.2003.地震处理解释中的速度应用[J].吐哈油气,8(1):70-73.
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