亚麻籽油对太行鸡产蛋期生产性能、蛋品质及血脂指标的影响
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摘要
试验旨在研究日粮中添加不同水平的亚麻籽油对产蛋期太行鸡生产性能、蛋品质及血脂指标的影响,确定亚麻籽油的适宜添加量。选用240日龄太行鸡母鸡315只,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复21只鸡,分别在日粮中添加0(对照)、1.2%、1.5%、1.8%和2.1%亚麻籽油。结果显示:添加1.5%亚麻籽油组产蛋率最高,分别比对照组和2.1%亚麻籽油组提高9.77%(P<0.05)和18.81%(P<0.05)。1.5%亚麻籽油组料蛋比最低,比对照组降低18.61%(P<0.05)。1.5%亚麻籽油组蛋重比对照组和1.2%亚麻籽油组分别提高9.37%(P<0.05)和9.22%(P<0.05)。添加1.8%亚麻籽油组蛋黄比例显著高于其他各组。添加1.5%亚麻籽油组蛋白比例比添加对照组提高4.26%(P<0.05),与其他组差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组间采食量与其他蛋品质指标差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加亚麻籽油组的总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白均显著降低(P<0.05),以添加1.5%亚麻籽油组最低。添加1.5%亚麻籽油组高密度脂蛋白最高,比添加0、1.2%、1.8%和2.1%亚麻籽油组分别提高107.69%(P<0.05)、33.66%(P<0.05)、17.39%(P>0.05)和75.32%(P<0.05)。综合评定,产蛋期太行鸡日粮中添加1.5%亚麻籽油对提高产蛋量、饲料报酬、改善血脂等方面效果最佳。
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate effects of dietary linseed oil on production performance, egg quality and blood lipid indices of Taihang chicken, and determine the optimum linseed oil level. A total of 315 Taihang laying hens at 240 days of age were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 21 chickens per replicate.The dietary treatments were supplemented with 0(the control), 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8% and 2.1% linseed oil respectively.The results showed that the egg production rate was the highest in the 1.5% linseed oil group, which was 9.77%(P<0.05) and 18.81%(P<0.05) higher than that of the control and 2.1% linseed oil groups respectively. The 1.5% linseed oil group had the lowest egg ratio, which was 18.61% lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). The egg weight of1.5% linseed oil group was increased by 9.37%(P<0.05) and 9.22%(P<0.05), respectively, compared with the control and 1.2% linseed oil groups. The proportion of egg yolk in 1.8% linseed oil group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The proportion of egg white added with 1.5% linseed oil was 4.26% higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), which has not significantly different from other groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in feed intake and other egg quality indices among the groups(P>0.05). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein were significantly lower in the linseed oil group(P<0.05), with the lowest in 1.5% linseed oil group.High-density lipoprotein was the highest in 1.5% linseed oil group, which was 107.69%(P<0.05), 33.66%(P<0.05),17.39%(P>0.05) and 75.32%(P<0.05) higher than that of the control, 1.2%, 1.8%, and 2.1% linseed oil groups,respectively. Comprehensively, the optimum dietary level of linseed oil was 1.5% for Taihang chicken for improving egg production, feed utilization, and blood lipids.
The aim of the experiment was to evaluate effects of dietary linseed oil on production performance, egg quality and blood lipid indices of Taihang chicken, and determine the optimum linseed oil level. A total of 315 Taihang laying hens at 240 days of age were randomly divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates of 21 chickens per replicate.The dietary treatments were supplemented with 0(the control), 1.2%, 1.5%, 1.8% and 2.1% linseed oil respectively.The results showed that the egg production rate was the highest in the 1.5% linseed oil group, which was 9.77%(P<0.05) and 18.81%(P<0.05) higher than that of the control and 2.1% linseed oil groups respectively. The 1.5% linseed oil group had the lowest egg ratio, which was 18.61% lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). The egg weight of1.5% linseed oil group was increased by 9.37%(P<0.05) and 9.22%(P<0.05), respectively, compared with the control and 1.2% linseed oil groups. The proportion of egg yolk in 1.8% linseed oil group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. The proportion of egg white added with 1.5% linseed oil was 4.26% higher than that of the control group(P<0.05), which has not significantly different from other groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in feed intake and other egg quality indices among the groups(P>0.05). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein were significantly lower in the linseed oil group(P<0.05), with the lowest in 1.5% linseed oil group.High-density lipoprotein was the highest in 1.5% linseed oil group, which was 107.69%(P<0.05), 33.66%(P<0.05),17.39%(P>0.05) and 75.32%(P<0.05) higher than that of the control, 1.2%, 1.8%, and 2.1% linseed oil groups,respectively. Comprehensively, the optimum dietary level of linseed oil was 1.5% for Taihang chicken for improving egg production, feed utilization, and blood lipids.
引文
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[16]刘彩霞,邢薇,刘洋,等.不同配比的亚麻籽油与大豆油混合油全部替代鱼油对杂交鲟生长的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4386-4397.
[17] Dave Hickling.亚麻籽可用作畜禽和宠物饲料[J].国外畜牧科技,1997,24(4):26-28.
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[19]狄济乐.亚麻籽作为一种功能食品来源的研究[J].中国油脂,2002,27(4):55-57.
[20]田华勤.葡萄渣提取物和亚麻籽油对湖羊羔羊生产性能和养分消化代谢的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[21]邓乾春,樊柏林,黄凤洪,等.亚麻籽油调和油对高脂模型大鼠的降血脂作用[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(2):163-167.
[22]胡晓军,郭忠贤,赵毅.亚麻籽油降血脂作用的研究[J].粮食加工,2005(3):49-51.
[23]黄庆德,刘列刚,郭萍梅,等.亚麻籽油降脂作用的实验研究[J].食品科学,2004,25(3):162-165.
[24]卜凤泉,刘忠英,胡秀丽,等.亚麻籽降鸡血脂作用的研究[J].食品科技,2005(4):92-94.
[2]郭忠贤,赵毅,苏占明,等.亚麻籽油的开发利用[J].农产品加工,2005(4):74-75.
[3]刘斯博,田少君,夏克东.亚麻籽油微胶囊的制备及理化性质研究[J].粮食与油脂,2015,28(8):17-20.
[4]杨野仝.亚麻籽油抗氧化及降血糖功效的研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2016.
[5]韩正康,徐国根,周炜,等.亚麻籽木脂素对产蛋鸡生产性能和脂类代谢的影响[J].现代农业科技,2009(12):224-227.
[6]张子仪.中国饲料学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[7]陆燕,黄攀,王恬,等.日粮多不饱和脂肪酸对家畜繁殖性能的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(9):23-26.
[8]吴景树.饲料中多不饱和脂肪酸对家禽生产的影响[J].养殖技术顾问,2013(11):60.
[9] MATTOS R, GUZELOGLU A, BADING A L, et al. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and bovine interferon-tau modify phorbol ester induced secretion of prostaglandin F2αand expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 and phospholipase-A2 in bovine endometrial cells[J]. Biology Report, 2003(69):780-787.
[10]覃健萍,曹永长,毕英佐.类固醇激素免疫在调控畜禽繁殖和生长中的应用[J].中国家禽,2004,8(S1):212-214.
[11]王清华. n-3多不饱和脂肪酸对禽类生产性能和免疫作用的影响[C]//第十三次全国家禽学术讨论会论文集,2007.
[12]王晓菡,任小娜,曾俊.亚麻籽油的提取工艺及其生理功能的研究进展[J].粮油加工(电子版),2014(6):43-46.
[13]徐明生,欧阳克蕙,上官新晨,等.油脂对泰和乌骨鸡生产性能和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2006(1):67-73.
[14]曹文明,薛斌.油脂氧化酸败研究进展[J].粮食与油脂,2013,26(3):1-5.
[15]冯嘉,张海军,武书庚,等.日粮中添加亚麻籽油对鸡蛋脂肪酸组成和风味的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2018,45(10):2733-2742.
[16]刘彩霞,邢薇,刘洋,等.不同配比的亚麻籽油与大豆油混合油全部替代鱼油对杂交鲟生长的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(12):4386-4397.
[17] Dave Hickling.亚麻籽可用作畜禽和宠物饲料[J].国外畜牧科技,1997,24(4):26-28.
[18] CHEN J K, MCDONALD B E, GERRARD J M, et al. Effects of dietaryα-linolenic acid its ratio tolinolenic acid on platelet and plasma fatty acids and thrombogenesis[J].Lipids, 1993(28):811.
[19]狄济乐.亚麻籽作为一种功能食品来源的研究[J].中国油脂,2002,27(4):55-57.
[20]田华勤.葡萄渣提取物和亚麻籽油对湖羊羔羊生产性能和养分消化代谢的影响[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[21]邓乾春,樊柏林,黄凤洪,等.亚麻籽油调和油对高脂模型大鼠的降血脂作用[J].食品研究与开发,2011,32(2):163-167.
[22]胡晓军,郭忠贤,赵毅.亚麻籽油降血脂作用的研究[J].粮食加工,2005(3):49-51.
[23]黄庆德,刘列刚,郭萍梅,等.亚麻籽油降脂作用的实验研究[J].食品科学,2004,25(3):162-165.
[24]卜凤泉,刘忠英,胡秀丽,等.亚麻籽降鸡血脂作用的研究[J].食品科技,2005(4):92-94.