连杆柔性化处理对机体表面振动及主轴承受力的影响
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摘要
为了探究连杆的弹性变形对机体表面振动的影响,运用AVL-EXCITE Designer软件对某六缸柴油机进行多体动力学分析,建立了缸体、曲轴、连杆的有限元模型,并对缸体、曲轴的有限元模型进行模态分析及实验验证,确保了模型的准确性。通过发动机表面不同位置处选取点的振动加速度来评价连杆分别采用刚性体和柔性体对机体表面振动的影响。结果显示,对比连杆为刚性情况,弹性因素存在的情况下,缸体上各个分析点的加速度值都有一定的下降,并且在峰值处波动程度明显下降。于此同时,连杆柔性化处理使得主轴承方向受力变小,并且最小油膜厚度在峰值处也会变小。所以,在仿真中连杆的柔性化使得仿真更符合真实情况,探究其对机体表面振动的影响将有助于低噪声柴油机的研发。
In order to explore the influence of the elastic deformation of connecting rod on engine block surface vibration,multi-body dynamics analysis is used in this paper. First,a model of an in-line 6-cylinder diesel engine is built by AVL EXCITE Designer,including the finite element model and simulation model of cylinder block,crankshaft and connecting rod. Then,modal analysis and experimental verification are carried out to ensure the accuracy of the simulation model. Through the vibration acceleration of different locations selected in the model,engine block surface vibration is evaluated respectively for using rigid connecting rod and flexible connecting rod.According to the simulation results,the acceleration of each analysis point on the body has a certain decline,and fluctuations in the peak are also significantly reduced when considering the flexible connecting rod. Results also show that using flexible body makes main bearing stress decrease at piston movement direction,and the minimum film thickness at the peaks becomes smaller. A much satisfactory agreement of simulation and measurement results can be achieved when considering flexible connecting rod.
In order to explore the influence of the elastic deformation of connecting rod on engine block surface vibration,multi-body dynamics analysis is used in this paper. First,a model of an in-line 6-cylinder diesel engine is built by AVL EXCITE Designer,including the finite element model and simulation model of cylinder block,crankshaft and connecting rod. Then,modal analysis and experimental verification are carried out to ensure the accuracy of the simulation model. Through the vibration acceleration of different locations selected in the model,engine block surface vibration is evaluated respectively for using rigid connecting rod and flexible connecting rod.According to the simulation results,the acceleration of each analysis point on the body has a certain decline,and fluctuations in the peak are also significantly reduced when considering the flexible connecting rod. Results also show that using flexible body makes main bearing stress decrease at piston movement direction,and the minimum film thickness at the peaks becomes smaller. A much satisfactory agreement of simulation and measurement results can be achieved when considering flexible connecting rod.
引文
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[11]贾维新,郝志勇,杨金才.虚拟预测方法在柴油机低噪声设计中的应用[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(3):489-493Jia W X,Hao Z Y,Yang J C.Application of virtual prediction method to low-noise diesel engine design[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(3):489-493(in Chinese)
[12]吴楠,廖日东,张保成,等.柴油机曲柄连杆机构多体动力学仿真分析[J].内燃机工程,2005,26(5):69-73Wu N,Liao R D,Zhang B C,et al.Multi-body system dynamics analysis of the crank and connecting rod mechanism in diesel engines[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2005,26(5):69-73(in Chinese).
[13]何柏岩,陈寺专,裴毅强,等.基于多体动力学的479Q发动机连杆载荷与强度分析[J].内燃机工程,2011,32(4):39-45He B Y,Chen S Z,Pei Y Q,et al.Load and strength analysis of connecting rod in 479Q engine based on multibody dynamics[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2011,32(4):39-45(in Chinese)
[14]张劲夫,贾丽俊,秦卫阳.柔性连杆机构动力学研究进展[J].机械科学与技术,2005,24(2):199-203Zhang J F,Jia L J,Qin W Y.Advances of research of flexible linkages dynamics[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2005,24(2):199-203(in Chinese)
[15]Shih Y S,Chung C Y.Vibration analysis of the flexible connecting rod with the breathing crack in a slider-crank mechanism[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2013,135(6):061009
[2]Genuit K.Vehicle interior noise-combination of sound,vibration and interactivity[J].Sound and Vibration,2009,43(12):8-13
[3]刘海,张俊红,毕凤荣,等.柴油机辐射噪声预测与低噪声改进设计[J].内燃机学报,2011,29(3):265-269Liu H,Zhang J H,Bi F R,et al.Radiation noise prediction and low-noise modification of diesel engine[J].Transactions of CSICE,2011,29(3):265-269(in Chinese)
[4]庞剑,谌刚,何华.汽车噪声与振动:理论与应用[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,2006:7-176Pang J,Chen G,He H.Automotive noise and vibration:principle and application[M].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology Press,2006:7-176(in Chinese)
[5]Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.有限元方法基本原理[M].曾攀,译.北京:清华大学出版社,2008:5-198Zienkiewicz O C,Taylor R L.The finite element method:the basis[M].Zeng P,trans.Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2008:5-198(in Chinese)
[6]Peixoto V J M,Zottin W.Numerical simulation of the profile influence on the conrod bearings performance[R].SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0600,2004
[7]Zheng E H,Zhou X L.Modeling and simulation of flexible slider-crank mechanism with clearance for a closed high speed press system[J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2014,74:10-30
[8]赵帅,唐斌,唐运榜,等.计及活塞销间隙的内燃机曲柄连杆机构动力学分析[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(4):133-137Zhao S,Tang B,Tang Y B,et al.Dynamic analysis for a crank and connecting rod mechanism in an internal combustion engine with piston-pin clearance[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,32(4):133-137(in Chinese)
[9]Valentina G N D,De Souza M M,Savoy J,et al.Influence of simplified models on the connecting rod FEM simulation[R].SAE Technical Paper 2011-36-0220,2011
[10]张焕宇,郝志勇,李一民.490柴油机机体减振降噪研究[J].振动与冲击,2012,31(7):54-57Zhang H Y,Hao Z Y,Li Y M.Vibration and noise reduction for a 490 diesel engine body[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2012,31(7):54-57(in Chinese)
[11]贾维新,郝志勇,杨金才.虚拟预测方法在柴油机低噪声设计中的应用[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2007,41(3):489-493Jia W X,Hao Z Y,Yang J C.Application of virtual prediction method to low-noise diesel engine design[J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2007,41(3):489-493(in Chinese)
[12]吴楠,廖日东,张保成,等.柴油机曲柄连杆机构多体动力学仿真分析[J].内燃机工程,2005,26(5):69-73Wu N,Liao R D,Zhang B C,et al.Multi-body system dynamics analysis of the crank and connecting rod mechanism in diesel engines[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2005,26(5):69-73(in Chinese).
[13]何柏岩,陈寺专,裴毅强,等.基于多体动力学的479Q发动机连杆载荷与强度分析[J].内燃机工程,2011,32(4):39-45He B Y,Chen S Z,Pei Y Q,et al.Load and strength analysis of connecting rod in 479Q engine based on multibody dynamics[J].Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering,2011,32(4):39-45(in Chinese)
[14]张劲夫,贾丽俊,秦卫阳.柔性连杆机构动力学研究进展[J].机械科学与技术,2005,24(2):199-203Zhang J F,Jia L J,Qin W Y.Advances of research of flexible linkages dynamics[J].Mechanical Science and Technology,2005,24(2):199-203(in Chinese)
[15]Shih Y S,Chung C Y.Vibration analysis of the flexible connecting rod with the breathing crack in a slider-crank mechanism[J].Journal of Vibration and Acoustics,2013,135(6):061009
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