淡水磁化灌溉对棉花出苗率·生长及干物质量的影响
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摘要
[目的]探究淡水磁化灌溉对棉花的出苗率、幼苗生长的影响。[方法]以新陆中55号为试验材料,2017年在巴州灌溉试验站内进行3期棉花淡水不同磁化灌溉幼苗出苗试验。[结果]淡水不同磁化强度灌溉处理与对照的棉花出苗率、株高、鲜重及干物质积累量存在显著差异,5 000 Gs磁化水处理株高与对照处理差异显著,增幅最大,达到5.87%。5 000 Gs磁化水处理发芽势、出苗率与3 000 Gs磁化水处理及对照试验处理差异均显著,5 000 Gs磁化水处理幼苗干鲜重与3 000 Gs磁化水处理及对照试验处理差异均显著,连续5 000 Gs磁化水处理灌溉对棉花幼苗干物质量的提高作用较为明显。[结论]淡水连续磁化灌溉后对棉花的出苗率及幼苗生长发育作用较为明显,且随着磁化强度增加到5 000 Gs磁化水处理时,更有利于干物质量的积累。
[Objective]Effects of freshwater magnetized irrigation on the emergence rate and seedling growth of cotton were explored.[Method] Taking Xinluzhong 55 as test material, three seedlings of different fresh-magnetized irrigation of cotton freshwater were carried out in the Bazhou Irrigation Experiment Station in 2017.[Result]Compared with the control treatment, there were significant differences in cotton emergence rate, plant height, fresh weight and dry matter accumulation in fresh water with different magnetization irrigation. The plant height of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water was significantly different from the control treatment, with the largest increase 5.87%. The difference of germination potential and emergence rate of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water was significantly different from that of 3 000 Gauss magnetized water and control experiment. The difference between dry weight of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water seedlings and 3 000 Gauss magnetized water and control experiment was significant. Continuous 5 000 Gauss magnetized water irrigation could obviously improve amount of dry matter of cotton seedling. [Conclusion]The freshwater continuous magnetization irrigation has obvious effects on cotton emergence rate and seedling growth and development, and it is more conducive to the accumulation of dry matter amount as the magnetization increases to 5 000 Gauss.
[Objective]Effects of freshwater magnetized irrigation on the emergence rate and seedling growth of cotton were explored.[Method] Taking Xinluzhong 55 as test material, three seedlings of different fresh-magnetized irrigation of cotton freshwater were carried out in the Bazhou Irrigation Experiment Station in 2017.[Result]Compared with the control treatment, there were significant differences in cotton emergence rate, plant height, fresh weight and dry matter accumulation in fresh water with different magnetization irrigation. The plant height of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water was significantly different from the control treatment, with the largest increase 5.87%. The difference of germination potential and emergence rate of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water was significantly different from that of 3 000 Gauss magnetized water and control experiment. The difference between dry weight of 5 000 Gauss magnetized water seedlings and 3 000 Gauss magnetized water and control experiment was significant. Continuous 5 000 Gauss magnetized water irrigation could obviously improve amount of dry matter of cotton seedling. [Conclusion]The freshwater continuous magnetization irrigation has obvious effects on cotton emergence rate and seedling growth and development, and it is more conducive to the accumulation of dry matter amount as the magnetization increases to 5 000 Gauss.
引文
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[2] MOUSSA H.The impact of magnetic water application for improving common bean(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)production[J].New York science journal,2011,4(6):15-21.
[3] KHOSHRAVESH-MIANGOLEH M,KIANI A R.Effect of magnetized water on infiltration capacity of different soil textures[J].Soil use & management,2015,30(4):588-594.
[4] 张瑞喜,王卫兵,褚贵新.磁化水在盐渍化土壤中的入渗和淋洗效应[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(8):1634-1641.
[5] IJAZ B,JATOI S A,AHMAD D,et al.Changes in germination behavior of wheat seeds exposed to magnetic field and magnetically structured water[J].African journal of biotechnology,2012,11(15):3575-3582.
[6] ALADJADJIYAN A.Food production:Approaches,challenges and tasks[M].Croatia:InTech,2012.
[7] 汪耀富,晁逢春,杨铁钊.磁化水对烟草生长发育及生理特性的影响[J].河南农业大学学报,1998,32(3):263-267.
[8] 龚富生,刘亚丽,李明军.磁化水对棉花幼苗生理效应的初步研究[J].河南师范大学学报(自然科学版),1989(4):55-59.
[9] 肖望,王玉玲,关志琼.磁化水浸种对苦瓜种子萌发及对其幼苗生理指标的影响[J].生物磁学,2004,4(2):7-10.
[10] 肖望,叶素琴,王玉玲,等.磁化水浸种对西瓜种子萌发及幼苗生理的影响[J].生物技术,2003,13(6):39-41.
[11] 何士敏, 张国成.磁化水对大豆种子萌发期和幼苗期抗盐碱性质的影响[J].高师理科学刊,2000(1):41-44.
[12] 邱念伟,谭廷鸿,戴华,等.磁化水对小麦种子萌发、幼苗生长和生理特性的生物学效应[J].植物生理学报,2011,47(8):803-810.
[13] 郑德明,姜益娟,柳维扬,等.膜下滴灌磁化水对棉田土壤的脱抑盐效果研究[J].土壤通报,2008,39(3):494-497.
[14] 卜东升,奉文贵,蔡利华,等.磁化水膜下滴灌对新疆棉田土壤脱盐效果的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(S2):163-166.
[15] 乔国庆.膜下滴灌盐渍化农田抑盐促生技术研究[D].石河子:石河子大学,2014.
[16] 祁通,孙阳迅,刘易,等.磁化微咸水对滴灌棉花生长及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(7):1322-1327.
[17] 黄慧珍,陆铭昌,金菊花,等.磁化水对水稻种子发芽率的影响初探[J].上海农业科技,2014(2):56.
[18] 王渌,郭建曜,刘秀梅,等.磁化水灌溉对冬枣生长及品质的影响[J].园艺学报,2016,43(4):653-662.
[19] 赵国林,曹宏,李高清.磁化水浸种对玉米生长发育的影响及增产效应[J].甘肃科学学报,1996,8(4):78-80.
[20] 张凤娟,胡艳飞,张瑞喜,等.加工番茄生长、NPK营养及产量对磁化水滴灌的响应[J].农业工程,2014,4(3):140-144.
[21] 郑九华,冯永军,于开芹,等.微咸水处理对玉米、棉花发芽和出苗的影响[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),2002,33(2):158-161.
[22] PANG X F,DENG B.Investigation of changes in properties of water under the action of a magnetic field[J].Science in China series G:Physics,mechanics & astronomy,2008,51(11):1621-1632.
[23] AMIRI M C,DADKHAH A A.On reduction in the surface tension of water due to magnetic treatment[J].Colloids & surfaces A:Physicochemical & engineering aspects,2006,278(1):252-255.
[24] PANG X F,DENG B.The changes of macroscopic features and microscopic structures of water under influence of magnetic field[J].Physica B:Condensed matter,2008,403(19/20):3571-3577.
[25] 丁振瑞,赵亚军,陈凤玲,等.磁化水的磁化机理研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(6):432-439.
[26] CARBONELL M V,MARTINEZ E,AMAYA J M.Stimulation of germination in rice(Oryza sativa L.)by a static magnetic field[J].Journal of bioelectricity,2000,19(1):121-128.
[27] SHINE M B,GURUPRASAD K N,ANAND A.Enhancement of germination,growth,and photosynthesis in soybean by pre-treatment of seeds with magnetic field[J].Bioelectromagnetics,2011,32(6):474-484.
[28] 姚文飞,沈永宝.磁处理对种子萌发生物效应研究进展[J].植物学报,2015,50(4):527-533.
[29] 刘洪波,白云岗,张江辉,等.不同磁化强度处理对苜蓿生长和产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2017,54(4):742-747.