基于VSWI和SPI的2000—2016年河南省干旱特征研究
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摘要
干旱是一种常见且严重的自然灾害,极大地影响着我国的农业生产。以河南省为例,利用MODIS产品植被指数和地表温度数据,构建表征区域干旱特征的植被供水指数(VSWIN、VSWIE),并与河南省16个国家级气象站点数据计算的2000—2016年不同时间尺度的标准化降水指数(SPI)进行对比分析。结果表明:VSWIE比VSWIN更适用于河南省干旱的研究; 3个月和12个月尺度的SPI值与VSWI的相关性较高;从时间上看,河南省发生干旱频率较高,春旱和夏旱发生频率分别为0. 33和0. 30,总体干旱趋势更加明显,其中春旱最严重的是2000年,夏旱最严重的是2014年;从空间上来看,豫北和豫西地区比豫南干旱程度严重。
Drought is a common and serious natural disaster,and it seriously effects the agricultural production in China. This paper takes Henan Province,China,as an example,and uses MODIS products MOD13 Q1 to obtain vegetation index( NDVI,EVI),and MODIS11 A2 to obtain the surface temperature( Ts) data,then constructs the Vegetation Supply Water Index( VSWIN,VSWIE) which indicates the regional drought characteristics. Then,they are compared with the Standardized Precipitation Index( SPI) that is calculated by the data from 16 national weather stations in Henan province at different time scales form 2000 to 2016. Finally the comparison and analysis are carried out. The result shows that VSWIEis more suitable than VSWINfor drought study in Henan Province. The correlations between VSWI and the SPI value at 3 and 12 months scales are higher and more suitable for the drought study of Henan Province. In terms of time,the drought frequency of Henan Province is high,and the spring and summer drought frequencies are 0. 33 and 0. 30 respectively. The overall drought trend is even more obvious. The worst spring drought happened in 2000,and the worst summer drought occurred in 2014. From the view of space,the drought degree in the north and west of Henan Province is more serious than that in southern Henan. This study reveals the development characteristics of drought in Henan,and provides some useful information for the monitoring and early-warning of drought in Henan.
Drought is a common and serious natural disaster,and it seriously effects the agricultural production in China. This paper takes Henan Province,China,as an example,and uses MODIS products MOD13 Q1 to obtain vegetation index( NDVI,EVI),and MODIS11 A2 to obtain the surface temperature( Ts) data,then constructs the Vegetation Supply Water Index( VSWIN,VSWIE) which indicates the regional drought characteristics. Then,they are compared with the Standardized Precipitation Index( SPI) that is calculated by the data from 16 national weather stations in Henan province at different time scales form 2000 to 2016. Finally the comparison and analysis are carried out. The result shows that VSWIEis more suitable than VSWINfor drought study in Henan Province. The correlations between VSWI and the SPI value at 3 and 12 months scales are higher and more suitable for the drought study of Henan Province. In terms of time,the drought frequency of Henan Province is high,and the spring and summer drought frequencies are 0. 33 and 0. 30 respectively. The overall drought trend is even more obvious. The worst spring drought happened in 2000,and the worst summer drought occurred in 2014. From the view of space,the drought degree in the north and west of Henan Province is more serious than that in southern Henan. This study reveals the development characteristics of drought in Henan,and provides some useful information for the monitoring and early-warning of drought in Henan.
引文
[1]唐侥,孙睿.基于气象和遥感数据的河南省干旱特征分析[J].自然资源学报,2013,28(4):645-655.[TANG Jiao,SUN Rui.Drought characteristics in Henan Province with meteorological and remote sensing data[J]. Journal of Natural Resources,2013,28(4):645-655.]
[2]王宗敏,杨海波,计淇才,等.基于MODIS的河南省遥感干旱监测研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(1):139-143+211.[WANG Zongmin,YANG Haibo,JI Qicai,et al. Remote sensing monitoring for drought in Henan Province based on MODIS[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(1):139-143+211.]
[3]郭铌,管晓丹.植被状况指数的改进及在西北干旱监测中的应用[J].地球科学展,2007,22(4):1160-1168.[GUO Ni,GUAN Xiaodan. An improvement of the vegetation condition index with applications to the drought monitoring in northwest China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(4):1160-1168.]
[4]吴黎.基于MODIS数据温度植被干旱指数干旱监测指标的等级划分[J].水土保持研究,2017,35(4):276-282.[WU Li.Classification of drought grades based on temperature vegetation drought index using the MODIS data[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,35(4):276-282.]
[5]孙丽,陈焕伟,赵立军,等.遥感监测旱情的研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(1):202-206.[SUN Li,CHEN Huanwei,ZHAO Lijun,et al. The advances of drought monitoring by remote sensing[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2004,23(1):202-206.]
[6] MCKEE T B,DOESKEN N J,KLEIST J. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales[R]. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology,American Meteorological,1993.
[7]胡悦,杜灵通,候静,等.基于SPI指数的宁夏中部干旱带1960—2012年干旱特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):255-262.[HU Yue,DU Lingtong,HOU Jing,et al. Drought characteristics in arid zone of middle Ningxia from 1960 to 2012base on SPI index[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(2):255-262.]
[8] PALMER W C. Meteorological drought[J]. U. S. Weather Bureau Paper,1965,45:1-58.
[9]许小峰.中国气象灾害年鉴[M].北京:气象出版社,2014,243.[XU Xiaofeng. Yearbook of meteorological disasters in China[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004,243.]
[10]张洁,武建军,周磊,等.基于MODIS数据的农业干旱监测方法对比分析[J].遥感信息,2012,27(5):48-54.[ZHANG Jie,WU Jianjun,ZHOU Lei,et al. Comparative study on remotely sensed methods of monitoring agricultural drought based on MODIS data[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2012,27(5):48-54.]
[11]李琪,孙晓宇,王连喜,等.基于不同植被指数的VSWI在河南省春季干旱监测中的应用分析[J].作物杂志,2016,(5):162-168.[LI Qi,SUN Xiaoyu,WAN Lianxi,et al. The use of vegetation supply water index(VSWI)based on different vegetation indices in the spring drought monitoring in Henan Province[J]. Crops,2016,(5):162-168.]
[12]曹言,王杰,李竹芬,等.基于VSWI法的云南省土壤水分反演研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2017,(4):22-27.[CAO Yan,WANG Jie,LI Zhufen,et al. Research of soil moisture retrieval based on VSWI in Yunnan Province[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower,2017,(4):22-27.]
[13]梁芸,张峰,韩涛.利用EOS/MODIS植被供水指数监测庆阳地区的土壤湿度[J].干旱气象,2007,25(1):44-47.[LIANG Yun,ZHANG Feng,HAN Tao. Monitoring soil humidity by using EOS-MODIS VSWI product in Qingyang[J]. Arid Meteorology,2007,25(1):44-47.]
[14]杨晓静,左德鹏,徐宗学.基于标准化降水指数的云南省近55年旱涝演变特征[J].资源科学,2014,36(3):473-480.[YANG Xiaojing,ZUO Depeng,XU Zongxue. Characteristics of droughts and floods analyzed using the standardized precipitation index in Yunnan Province during the past 55 years[J]. Resources Science,2014,36(3):473-480.]
[15]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 20481—2006中华人民共和国国家标准:气象干旱等级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.[General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Classification of meteorological drought(GB/T20481-2006)[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006.]
[16]白力改,燕琴,张丽,等. MODIS干旱指数对华北干旱的敏感性分析[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(5):708-716.[BAI Ligai,YAN Qin,ZHANG Li,et al. Sensitivity analysis of MODIS derived drought indices to drought in north China[J]. Arid Land Geography,2012,35(5):708-716.]
[17]王鹏新,孙威.基于植被指数和地表温度的干旱监测方法的对比分析[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(3):319-323.[WANG Xinpeng,SUN Wei. Comparison study on NDVI and LST based drought monitoring appoaches[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2007,43(3):319-323.]
[18]闫峰,王艳姣,吴波.近50年河北省干旱时空分布特征[J].地理研究,2010,29(3):423-430.[YAN Feng,WANG Yangjiao,WU Bo. Spatial and temporal distributions of drought in Hebei Province over the past 50 years[J]. Geographical Research,2010,29(3):423-430.]
[19] HUANG J P,JI M X,XIE Y K,et al. Global semi-arid climate change over last 60 years[J]. Climate Dynamics,2016,46(3-4):1131-1150.
[2]王宗敏,杨海波,计淇才,等.基于MODIS的河南省遥感干旱监测研究[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(1):139-143+211.[WANG Zongmin,YANG Haibo,JI Qicai,et al. Remote sensing monitoring for drought in Henan Province based on MODIS[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,32(1):139-143+211.]
[3]郭铌,管晓丹.植被状况指数的改进及在西北干旱监测中的应用[J].地球科学展,2007,22(4):1160-1168.[GUO Ni,GUAN Xiaodan. An improvement of the vegetation condition index with applications to the drought monitoring in northwest China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(4):1160-1168.]
[4]吴黎.基于MODIS数据温度植被干旱指数干旱监测指标的等级划分[J].水土保持研究,2017,35(4):276-282.[WU Li.Classification of drought grades based on temperature vegetation drought index using the MODIS data[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,35(4):276-282.]
[5]孙丽,陈焕伟,赵立军,等.遥感监测旱情的研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,2004,23(1):202-206.[SUN Li,CHEN Huanwei,ZHAO Lijun,et al. The advances of drought monitoring by remote sensing[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2004,23(1):202-206.]
[6] MCKEE T B,DOESKEN N J,KLEIST J. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales[R]. Eighth Conference on Applied Climatology,American Meteorological,1993.
[7]胡悦,杜灵通,候静,等.基于SPI指数的宁夏中部干旱带1960—2012年干旱特征研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(2):255-262.[HU Yue,DU Lingtong,HOU Jing,et al. Drought characteristics in arid zone of middle Ningxia from 1960 to 2012base on SPI index[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2017,35(2):255-262.]
[8] PALMER W C. Meteorological drought[J]. U. S. Weather Bureau Paper,1965,45:1-58.
[9]许小峰.中国气象灾害年鉴[M].北京:气象出版社,2014,243.[XU Xiaofeng. Yearbook of meteorological disasters in China[M]. Beijing:China Meteorological Press,2004,243.]
[10]张洁,武建军,周磊,等.基于MODIS数据的农业干旱监测方法对比分析[J].遥感信息,2012,27(5):48-54.[ZHANG Jie,WU Jianjun,ZHOU Lei,et al. Comparative study on remotely sensed methods of monitoring agricultural drought based on MODIS data[J]. Remote Sensing Information,2012,27(5):48-54.]
[11]李琪,孙晓宇,王连喜,等.基于不同植被指数的VSWI在河南省春季干旱监测中的应用分析[J].作物杂志,2016,(5):162-168.[LI Qi,SUN Xiaoyu,WAN Lianxi,et al. The use of vegetation supply water index(VSWI)based on different vegetation indices in the spring drought monitoring in Henan Province[J]. Crops,2016,(5):162-168.]
[12]曹言,王杰,李竹芬,等.基于VSWI法的云南省土壤水分反演研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2017,(4):22-27.[CAO Yan,WANG Jie,LI Zhufen,et al. Research of soil moisture retrieval based on VSWI in Yunnan Province[J]. China Rural Water and Hydropower,2017,(4):22-27.]
[13]梁芸,张峰,韩涛.利用EOS/MODIS植被供水指数监测庆阳地区的土壤湿度[J].干旱气象,2007,25(1):44-47.[LIANG Yun,ZHANG Feng,HAN Tao. Monitoring soil humidity by using EOS-MODIS VSWI product in Qingyang[J]. Arid Meteorology,2007,25(1):44-47.]
[14]杨晓静,左德鹏,徐宗学.基于标准化降水指数的云南省近55年旱涝演变特征[J].资源科学,2014,36(3):473-480.[YANG Xiaojing,ZUO Depeng,XU Zongxue. Characteristics of droughts and floods analyzed using the standardized precipitation index in Yunnan Province during the past 55 years[J]. Resources Science,2014,36(3):473-480.]
[15]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. GB/T 20481—2006中华人民共和国国家标准:气象干旱等级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.[General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Classification of meteorological drought(GB/T20481-2006)[S]. Beijing:Standards Press of China,2006.]
[16]白力改,燕琴,张丽,等. MODIS干旱指数对华北干旱的敏感性分析[J].干旱区地理,2012,35(5):708-716.[BAI Ligai,YAN Qin,ZHANG Li,et al. Sensitivity analysis of MODIS derived drought indices to drought in north China[J]. Arid Land Geography,2012,35(5):708-716.]
[17]王鹏新,孙威.基于植被指数和地表温度的干旱监测方法的对比分析[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2007,43(3):319-323.[WANG Xinpeng,SUN Wei. Comparison study on NDVI and LST based drought monitoring appoaches[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science),2007,43(3):319-323.]
[18]闫峰,王艳姣,吴波.近50年河北省干旱时空分布特征[J].地理研究,2010,29(3):423-430.[YAN Feng,WANG Yangjiao,WU Bo. Spatial and temporal distributions of drought in Hebei Province over the past 50 years[J]. Geographical Research,2010,29(3):423-430.]
[19] HUANG J P,JI M X,XIE Y K,et al. Global semi-arid climate change over last 60 years[J]. Climate Dynamics,2016,46(3-4):1131-1150.