核设施β-γ混合场中定向剂量当量率■′(3)的现场监测方法
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摘要
本文主要介绍核设施β-γ混合场中定向剂量当量率■的现场监测方法。基于研制的ZF-D300型定向剂量当量率■监测仪,利用γ标准辐射场、β标准辐射场、以及组合的β-γ标准辐射场,测量给出了监测仪器对γ射线和β射线的响应特性。结合周围剂量当量率仪、β谱仪和γ谱仪测量数据,给出了β-γ混合场中测量■的数据处理方法。在实验室建立的标准β-γ辐射场中,采用本文中数据处理方法测量计算的■值,与标准装置给出的■约定真值相对偏差小于±1%。在某核电站大修期间,对该β-γ混合场中监测■的方法进行了应用。
The field monitoring method of directional dose equivalent rate ■ mixed field in nuclear facilities is introduced. Based on the developed directional dose equivalent rate meter of ZF-D300, its response characteristics to gamma rays and beta rays in γ standard radiation field, β standard radiation field and combined β-γ standard radiation field are given. Combined with the data of ambient dose equivalent rate meters, beta spectrometer and gamma spectrometer, the data processing method for measuring ■ mixed field is given. In the standard β-γ radiation field established in the laboratory, the difference of the ■ values measured by the extrapolation ionization chamber of the standard instrument and this data processing method is less than 1%. During the outage of a nuclear power plant, the method of monitoring ■ in the β-γ mixed field is applied.
The field monitoring method of directional dose equivalent rate ■ mixed field in nuclear facilities is introduced. Based on the developed directional dose equivalent rate meter of ZF-D300, its response characteristics to gamma rays and beta rays in γ standard radiation field, β standard radiation field and combined β-γ standard radiation field are given. Combined with the data of ambient dose equivalent rate meters, beta spectrometer and gamma spectrometer, the data processing method for measuring ■ mixed field is given. In the standard β-γ radiation field established in the laboratory, the difference of the ■ values measured by the extrapolation ionization chamber of the standard instrument and this data processing method is less than 1%. During the outage of a nuclear power plant, the method of monitoring ■ in the β-γ mixed field is applied.
引文
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[6] 魏可新,李景云,叶宏生,等. β参考辐射——第1部分:产生方法:GB/T 12164.1—2008[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2008:4-5.
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[2] 中华人民共和国卫生部,国家环境保护总局,中国核工业总公司.电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准:GB 18871—2002 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2002:35.
[3] Stewart F A, Akeleyev A V, Hauer-Jensen M, et al. ICRP statement on tissue reactions/early a late effects of radiation in normal tissues an organs-threshold doses for tissue in a radiation protection context[R]. ICRP Publication 118,41(1/2),2012.
[4] ICRU. Determination of dose equivalents from external radiation source-Part 2[R].ICRU 43 Reports.ICRU:1988.
[5] 上海市计量测试技术研究院,湖北省计量测试技术研究院. 辐射防护用X、γ辐射剂量当量(率)仪和监测仪检定规程:JJG 393—2003[S]. 北京:中国计量出版社,2003-11-24.
[6] 魏可新,李景云,叶宏生,等. β参考辐射——第1部分:产生方法:GB/T 12164.1—2008[S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2008:4-5.
[7] Behrens R,Buchholz G. Extensions to the beta secondary standard BSS 2[M]. PTB,Germany:published by IOP publishing for SISSA,2011.
[8] 马崇智.放射性同位素手册[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1979.
[9] 史永谦等编著. 核反应堆中子学实验技术[M]. 北京:中国原子能出版社,2011.
[10] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准管理委员.辐射防护仪器β、X和γ辐射周围和/或定向剂量当量(率)仪和/或监测仪第1部分:便携式工作场所和环境测量仪与监测仪:GB/T 4835.1—2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012:34.