技术统治与类人文明
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摘要
随着现代技术的加速进展,现在我们得以越来越清晰地认识到,尼采所谓的"上帝死了"意味着自然人类精神表达方式的衰落,即传统宗教、哲学和艺术的衰落,换种说法,是技术统治压倒了政治统治,而自然的人类文明正在过渡为技术的"类人文明"。"类人文明"这个表述主要指向人类身-心的双重非自然化或技术化,即目前主要由生物技术(基因工程)来实施的人类自然身体的技术化,以及由智能技术(算法)来完成的人类智力和精神的技术化。本文进一步认为,未来哲学的根本课题在于如何提升全球政治共商机制,以节制技术的加速进展,平衡技术的全面统治。
With the acceleration of modern technology,we now become increasingly aware that Nietzsche's catchphrase,"God is dead",means the decline of the expression of natural human spirit,that is,the decline of traditional religion,philosophy and art. In other words,it indicates that the rule of technology overwhelms the rule of politics,and the natural human civilization is transitioning to a"quasi-human civilization"of technology.The term"quasi-human civilization"mainly refers to the dual de-naturalization or technicalization of the human body and the human mind,that is,the technicalization of the human natural body through biotechnology(genetic engineering)and the technicalization of human intelligence and spirit through the intelligence technology(algorithm). The author further argues that the fundamental subject for future philosophy may presumably be on how to improve the global political consensus mechanism so as to hold the accelerated progress of technology in check and counteract the overall rule of technology.
With the acceleration of modern technology,we now become increasingly aware that Nietzsche's catchphrase,"God is dead",means the decline of the expression of natural human spirit,that is,the decline of traditional religion,philosophy and art. In other words,it indicates that the rule of technology overwhelms the rule of politics,and the natural human civilization is transitioning to a"quasi-human civilization"of technology.The term"quasi-human civilization"mainly refers to the dual de-naturalization or technicalization of the human body and the human mind,that is,the technicalization of the human natural body through biotechnology(genetic engineering)and the technicalization of human intelligence and spirit through the intelligence technology(algorithm). The author further argues that the fundamental subject for future philosophy may presumably be on how to improve the global political consensus mechanism so as to hold the accelerated progress of technology in check and counteract the overall rule of technology.
引文
(1)尼采:《尼采著作全集》第12卷(《权力意志》上卷),孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2010年版,第418页。
(2)海德格尔后期的隐秘之书,包含着这位思想家后期思想的基本内容,参见海德格尔:《哲学论稿(从本有而来)》,孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2014年版。
(3)安德斯:《过时的人》第1卷,范捷平译,上海译文出版社2010年版,第8页。
(4)凯文·凯利:《必然》,周峰等译,北京:电子工业出版社2016年版,第338页。
(5)凯文·凯利:《必然》,周峰等译,第IX页。
(6)Henry A. Kissinger,“How the Enlightenment Ends,”The Atlantic,June 2018.
(7)安瑟姆·基弗:《艺术在没落中升起》,梅宁、孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2016年版,第246页。
(8)哈贝马斯:《作为“意识形态”的技术与科学》,李黎、郭官义译,上海:学林出版社1999年版,第94页。
(9)尼采:《尼采著作全集》第13卷(《权力意志》下卷),孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2010年版,第760页。
(10)同上。
(2)海德格尔后期的隐秘之书,包含着这位思想家后期思想的基本内容,参见海德格尔:《哲学论稿(从本有而来)》,孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2014年版。
(3)安德斯:《过时的人》第1卷,范捷平译,上海译文出版社2010年版,第8页。
(4)凯文·凯利:《必然》,周峰等译,北京:电子工业出版社2016年版,第338页。
(5)凯文·凯利:《必然》,周峰等译,第IX页。
(6)Henry A. Kissinger,“How the Enlightenment Ends,”The Atlantic,June 2018.
(7)安瑟姆·基弗:《艺术在没落中升起》,梅宁、孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2016年版,第246页。
(8)哈贝马斯:《作为“意识形态”的技术与科学》,李黎、郭官义译,上海:学林出版社1999年版,第94页。
(9)尼采:《尼采著作全集》第13卷(《权力意志》下卷),孙周兴译,北京:商务印书馆2010年版,第760页。
(10)同上。